纤维状的

The results show that the glass-ceramics with fibroid structure is produced after definite heat treatment, the main crystallization phase is hedenbergite and anorthite is the minor crystallization phase. The optimal process of heat treatment shows as follows: the nucleation temperature is 850 ℃ and hold time is 100 min, and the crystallization temperature is 980 ℃ and hold time is 80 min. With increasing heat treatment temperature, the FT-IR absorption bands appear obvious split, the aluminum-oxide polyhedron in the glass network changes from [AlO4] to [AlO6]. The titanium ion in the glass network gradually transforms to the 6-coordinated, moreover forms minicrystal of MgTi2O5 and Fe2TiO4 which provides the position of heterogeneous nucleation for the growth of crystal.

结果表明：在一定的热处理条件下可以以基础玻璃制备出主晶相为钙铁透辉石，次晶相为钙长石的纤维状结构的微晶玻璃；最佳的热处理工艺为：850 ℃核化100 min，980 ℃晶化80 min；随着热处理温度的升高，红外吸收带发生明显的分裂；玻璃结构中的[AlO4]向[AlO6]转化；网络结构中的钛离子逐渐转变为六配位，形成微晶相——钛酸镁和钛铁晶石，为晶体的生长提供非均匀形核位置。

The wood structures of Lauraceae were characterized by most diffuse porous; most pores solitary, less multiple and cluster pores; simple and scalariform perforation with few bars; most solitary pore; alternate intervessel pitting; most of rays multiseriate, less uniseriate; all of rays heterogeneous, mostly heterogeneous Ⅲ and Ⅱ type rays; most of axial parenchyma paratracheal type, less banded or marginal type; oil cell and mucilage cell in axial parenchyma cell or ray cell; mostly fiber tracheid and libriform fiber, less septate fiber.

结果表明：除檫木外，其它木材的管孔分布均为散孔材，具较高的单孔率；导管分子穿孔板兼有单穿孔和梯状穿孔2种或者仅具有单穿孔；导管间纹孔式为互列；导管－射线间纹孔式类型丰富，主要为刻痕状和大圆状。木射线有单列和多列射线2种类型，单列射线稀少、短，多列射线数量多；射线组织主要为异形Ⅲ和异形Ⅱ；轴向薄壁组织以傍管状为主，少数有带状或轮界状。油细胞和粘液细胞普遍存在于射线薄壁细胞或轴向薄壁细胞中。木纤维由韧性纤维和纤维管胞组成，部分树种具分隔纤维。

The thesis consists of six chapters. In the first, the technologies of atomic force microscopy and of the measurement elasticity of biomolecules were introduced. In the second, the validity of VSPFM was confirmed by lift mode atomic force microscopy. In this chapter, the height of DNA was measured by lift mode atomic force microscopy, which demonstrated that the method of height measurement of biomolecules by VSPFM was correct and established the foundation of the method of measurement elasticity of biomolecules by vibrating mode scanning polarization force microscopy. In the third chapter, detailed work has been illustrated on the foundation of the method of measurement elasticity of biomolecules by VSPFM. And the compressive elasticity of DNA was measured. In fourth and fifth chapters, the method was applied in the measurement elasticity of proteins. Two proteins elasticity, fibre-like protein α-synuclein and global protein IgG, were measured by VSPFM, through which the method wound its way to the application of biomolecules. In last chapter, the final part of the thesis was a summary. A conclusion of the thesis and a self-comment on my work as a PhD candidate have been made, and expectation about the further works has been addressed.

本论文共分为六章，第一章，引言部分主要介绍了原子力显微镜技术及生物大分子弹性测量技术；第二章主要是VSPFM方法的正确性论证，介绍抬高模式原理，利用抬高模式原子力显微镜对DNA的高度进行测量，论证振动模式扫描极化力显微镜测量生物大分子的高度的正确性以及准确性，从而为振动模式扫描极化力显微镜测量生物大分子的弹性方法的建立奠定基础；第三章以脱氧核糖核酸为例详细介绍了振动模式极化力显微镜测量生物大分子弹性的方法的建立，对DNA的压弹性进行了初步的测量和分析；第四章和第五章介绍了振动模式扫描极化力显微镜在蛋白质弹性测量中的应用：α-synuclein和IgG分别是纤维状蛋白和球状颗粒蛋白，通过振动模式扫描极化力显微镜测量这两种蛋白质的弹性，摸索振动模式扫描极化力显微镜在蛋白质弹性测量中的应用；第六章对全文进行了总结，在对论文的工作进行归纳和自我评价之后，还对进一步的工作进行了展望。

First, we investigate the methods of sepiolite s purification from ore , from which we get the incompact short fibrous sepiolite for the experiment ; the prime activatited term is also obtained through this experiment. We use activated sepiolite to process the absorption experiment on heavy meatal ion ( Ni2+, Cr6+, Pb2+, Cu2+, Cd2+), noble metal ion, dynamite cotnposton in water and industrial oil. we take Ni2+ for example to confirm the prime adsorbent term , from the experiment we get the adsorbent isotherm . Make the dynamic absorption experiment and regenerate experiment using sepiolite on the heavy metal(Ni2+) on the base of static absorption experiment.

我们首先研究了从矿石中提纯海泡石的方法，制得供实验用的松散短纤维状海泡石；通过实验确定了最佳活化条件；进行了活化后的海泡石对重金属离子Cr~(6+、Pb~(2+)、Cu~(2+)、Cd~(2+)、贵金属离子、水中炸药组份、工业油的吸附实验；以Ni~(2+)为例选择了最佳吸附条件；通过实验作出了以上各组分的吸附等温线；在静态吸附实验的基础上进行了海泡石对重金属Ni~(2+的动态吸附实验及再生实验。

Combined crystallization kinetics analysis obtained via rheometry and morphological observation of crystals growth performed on POM, two different mechanisms of shear-enhanced crystallization for PP/ grafted MWCNTs composites were suggested:(1) at low temperature, strong heterogeneous nucleation plays a dominant role on the. crystallization behavior, which would be saturated at a higher filler content, and the effect of shear-enhanced crystallization was weak;(2) at high temperature, the effect of heterogeneous nucleation was substantially depressed, and the crystallization of the composite was obviously accelerated by pre-shear and the thread-like crystallites were generated earlier than the spherulites.

结合流变测试结果和热台偏光显微镜观察的结晶形貌发展过程，对于PP／G—MWCNTs体系得到了两个不同的剪切影响机理：(1)在低温条件下，强烈的异相成核作用对结晶行为的影响占主导优势，而剪切作用对结晶的影响十分微弱，同时，在填料含量较高是，异相成核作用具有饱和性；(2)在高温条件下，异相成核作用被抑制，复合体系的结晶主要受到预剪切作用的影响，并且纤维状晶体较球晶更易生成。

These results suggest that curcumine can prevent hepatic fibrosis via inhibiting proliferation and collagen I production of HSCs, which may be partly related to its regulative effect on the expression of NHE mRNA gene.

姜黄素可能通过调控肝星状细胞NHE-1 mRNA的表达来抑制HSC的增殖及Ⅰ型胶原的合成等机制，从而抑制肝纤维化的形成。

The microstructure and the mechanical properties of extruded pipes, as well as the blanks, were alsoanalyzed. The results demonstrate that there are a lot of fibred tissues in extruded pipes which will increaseits mechanical properties along axial direction. And the strength of thedeformed material is much higher than the former.

对挤压前坯料和成型管坯分别进行金相显微分析，扫描电镜分析以及力学性能分析，结果表明：通过等温热挤压得到的管坯在轴向有明显的纤维状组织，极大地改善了其轴向力学性能，挤压管坯的强度比通过锻态钻孔得到的管坯有显著提高。

The pulp is from long-fibered, coastal softwood species grown in the great tree growing regions of Northern California and Southern Oregon.

纸浆是，从长远的纤维状，沿海针叶树种，生长在伟大的树生长的地区，加州北部和南部的俄勒冈州。

The myocardial fibers are beginning to lose cross striations and the nuclei are not clearly visible in most of the cells seen here.

心肌纤维的肌丝肌节结构破坏并且大多数细胞核不清楚，注意许多不规则的较暗的粉红的波浪状的并列的肌纤维。

The scanning of electron microscope image showed that tungsten trioxide nanoparticles with a diameter of about 100-150 nm dispersed in nano-fibrous polyaniline, and that the morphology of polyaniline showed no apparent variation due to WO3 insertion.

扫描电镜照片表明，粒径100~150nm的WO3颗粒较好地分散在纳米纤维状PANI中，WO3在膜中的嵌入对PANI的形貌没有产生明显的影响。

As she looked at Warrington's manly face, and dark, melancholy eyes, she had settled in her mind that he must have been the victim of an unhappy attachment.

每逢看到沃林顿那刚毅的脸，那乌黑、忧郁的眼睛，她便会相信，他一定作过不幸的爱情的受害者。

Maybe they'll disappear into a pothole.

也许他们将在壶穴里消失