纤维

These characteristics of polylactide fiber promote its applications in the areas of fibers and nonwovens, And polylactide fibers can be made to the circular cross section of monofilament or multifilament、trilobal cross-section BCF (can be used for weaving carpets and blankets)、crimp or curly short fiber、the two-component fibers、spunbonded nonwovens and meltblown nonwovens, etc.

这些特性刺激了聚乳酸纤维在纤维和非织造布领域的应用，并且聚乳酸纤维可以制成圆截面的单丝或复丝、三叶形截面的BCF、卷曲或非卷曲的短纤维、双组份纤维、纺粘非织造布和熔喷非织造布等，这使聚乳酸纤维在服装市场、家用及装饰市场、非织造布市场、双组份纤维领域、卫生及医用等领域有潜在的应用前景。

The quasi linear dependence of Raman shift upon fiber strain was first used to measure the residual thermal strain along the fiber axis.Then the same dependence was used to determine the fiber strain during pull-out test.Finally the distribution of striain along the fiber axis was converted to the distribution of interfacial shear stress.

利用纤维拉曼峰波数偏移与纤维所受应变的近似线性关系，首先测定纤维热残余应变的分布，随后对伸出玻璃基体外的纤维段施加给定的拉伸应变，沿纤维轴向用拉曼光谱术逐点测定基体内外纤维的应变，最后依据力平衡原理将应变分布转换为界面剪切应力沿纤维轴向的分布。

The results showed that the fiber had the function of absorbing toluene and trichloroethylene after introducing HEMA into macromolecules, and the absorptive process obeyed Hill equation of sigmoidal model.Toluene and trichloroethylene absorbency increased with the increase of mass fraction of HEMA,and their maximum absorbency was 10 g/g and 21 g/g,respectively.The ratio of remaining fiber also increased with the increase of mass fraction of HEMA to make organic liquid retention ratio strengthen.Furthermore,dynamic mechanical performance of the fiber was affected by mass fraction of HEMA obviously, and the segments movement was influenced more obviously.At the same time,mass fraction of HEMA had a great impact on the surface and cross section morphologies,especially,many cavities existed in surface, and cross section had a lot of holes with asymmetric size when mass fraction of HEMA was equal to 15 wt%.

结果表明，HEMA引入大分子后，所得纤维对有机液体甲苯、三氯乙烯具有吸附功能，且吸附过程符合sigmoidal模型中的Hill方程；随HEMA质量分数的增加，纤维对甲苯和三氯乙烯的饱和吸附量增大，对甲苯和三氯乙烯的最大吸附量分别可达10 g/g和21 g/g；随HEMA质量分数的增加，纤维剩余率增加的同时，使纤维对甲苯和三氯乙烯的握持能力增强；HEMA质量分数对纤维动态力学性能有突出影响，特别是链段运动受其影响更为明显；HEMA质量分数对纤维表面和断面形貌均有显著影响，特别是当HEMA质量分数为15 wt%时，所得纤维表面出现了许多空洞，其断面存在许多尺寸不均的空洞。

Based on the spinneret holes,spinning liquid, spinning technology ,it analyzed the influence of these factors to the fiber profiles,fiber performances and the use of profiled fiber.

文章从喷丝孔形状、纺丝液性质、纺丝工艺条件等方面分析了这些影响因素对纤维截面、纤维性能及纤维用途的影响，并以几种典型异形纤维为例阐述了不同截面纤维的用途，指出异形纤维是具有广阔前景的一种差别化纤维。

The formation mechanism of the hollow and helical fibers was proposed. During the heat treatment, the hollow fibers could be formed when the inner gel of the thinner precursor fibers was separated from the center and contracted to surface. However, the helical fibers could be generated when larger gel fibers were broken helically under thermal stress in the process of gel decomposing and contracting.

分析了中空纤维和螺旋纤维的形成机理，直径较小的前驱体纤维在热处理过程中内部凝胶向表层迁移收缩形成中空纤维；螺旋纤维是由直径较大的前驱体纤维在热处理过程中产生的强大的热应力导致纤维产生螺旋破裂形成的。

The fiber length has only little influence on the basic density within the growth rings, and significant correlation at 0.01 levels was found between the basic density and the fiber length among the different rings. Only slight negative correlation was found between the basic density and the fiber width within the growth rings, but significant positive correlation at 0.01 levels was indicated between the basic density and the fiber width among the growth rings, contrary to that of fiber length. It was demonstrated that significant positive correlations at 0.01 levels between the basic density and fiber double wall thickness, fiber length to width ratio and double wall thickness to diameter ratio, significant negative correlations at 0.01 levels between the basic density and fiber diameter and diameter to width ratio, only slight negative correlation between the basic density and fiber width both in the same growth rings and among the different growth rings. No significant correlation was found between the basic density and the vessel morphological features, nor was the tissue proportion in the same growth rings. But among the different rings, it was found there was significant positive correlation at 0.01 levels between the basic density and the fiber proportion among the different rings, and significant negative correlation at 0.01 levels between the basic density and vessel-elements proportion and ray proportion, only slight negative correlation between the basic density and the parenchym proportion. Significant or no significant negative correlation was found between the basic density and the microfibril angle in the same growth rings, but significant negative correlation was found between the basic density and the microfibril angle among the different growth rings.

生长轮内纤维长度对基本密度的影响不大，而在不同生长轮间纤维长度与基本密度达极显著正相关，纤维宽度与此相反，同一生长轮内纤维宽度与基本密度极显著负相关，不同生长轮间只有微弱负相关；基本密度与纤维双壁厚、长宽比、壁腔比在生长轮内和生长轮间均呈极显著正相关，而与胞腔直径、腔径比均呈极显著负相关，仅与纤维宽度呈微弱的负相关；导管形态对基本密度的影响不显著；同一生长轮内组织比量对基本密度的影响也不显著，但不同生长轮间基本密度与纤维比量呈极显著正相关，与导管比量和木射线比量呈极显著负相关，与轴向薄壁细胞比量仅呈不显著负相关；生长轮内基本密度与微纤丝角呈显著或不显著负相关，但在生长轮间这种负相关达到极显著水平。

Materials and methods: The lung preparation of 6 SARS death patient (died in 9,14,20,29,33,38d) and 6 macaque model (killed in 7,12,14,14, 32, 35d)were objects. Pathological changes, collagen fibers, lattice fibers, elastic fibers, collagen I and III in lungs and fine structure changes were studied by routine H.E dyeing, trigeminy dyeing, trinitrophenol- sirius red staining and polarization microscope, electron microscope and image analysis. Expression of Vimentin、 TGFβ_1、 TNF α、 IL-1β and MMP-2 were detected by immunohistochemistry.Results:1. Pathological changes of SARS death patient.

材料与方法：以6例SARS死亡患者(分别于发病后9、14、20、29、33、38d死亡)和6只猕猴实验模型(分别于染毒后7、12、14、14、32、35d活杀取材)肺标本为对象，应用H.E染色、三联染色、苦味酸-天狼猩红-偏振光法、电镜和图像分析等技术，对比性观察SARS肺组织病理变化和纤维化的病理过程、胶原纤维、网状纤维和弹力纤维的变化特点、Ⅰ型与Ⅲ型胶原纤维的数量和分布规律，旨在探讨SARS肺纤维化的病变经历过程及特点；利用免疫组织化学和形态计量学技术检测SARS死亡患者肺脏的Vimentin、TGFβ_1、TNFα、IL-1β和MMP-2等与炎症反应和纤维化相关活性因子，探讨其发病机制。

The experimental results are summarized as follows: the tensile strengh and bending strengh of steel fiber reinforced lightweight aggregate concrete can be improved significantly by the addition of steel fiber; to some extent ,the addition of steel fiber can also increase the compressive strength ,although little , it radically improves the compressive toughness , and the steel fiber reinforced lightweight aggregate concrete will not fall apart with cracks; with the increase of the volume fraction of steel fiber, the elastic modulus is also rising somewhat; Poisson's ratio is influenced little with the addition of the steel fiber and the effect regularity displays unconspicuously.

本文试验研究结果可归纳如下：钢纤维的加入能明显提高钢纤维轻骨料混凝土的抗拉强度和抗折强度；掺入钢纤维使钢纤维轻骨料混凝土的抗压强度有一定程度的提高，增长幅度不大，但抗压韧性却有很大改善，使钢纤维轻骨料混凝土裂而不散；钢纤维轻骨料混凝土的弹性模量随钢纤维体积率的增大有一定提高；泊松比受钢纤维的加入影响不大，规律性不明显。

The main factors that can affect the strength of base PAN fiber and how its hydrolysis reaction happened in alkaline conditions were discussed.

应用红外光谱仪、元素分析仪、比表面分析仪等对基体聚丙烯腈纤维及其部分水解PAN-COOH型离子交换纤维进行了表征，讨论了影响基体PAN纤维强度的主要因素和碱性条件下的水解反应获得了干态水解PAN纤维的性能指标：强度8.3 cN/dtex，交换容量0.26 mmol/g ， BET比表面积为0.58平方公尺/g的PAN-COOH型离子交换纤维，并较为详细地讨论了该纤维氰基转化成羧基的比率，羧基在纤维表面的排列及最大水解量。

The experiment results showed that the rigidity of the composite inchlorinatedcis-1, 4-polybutadieneeased as the content of the fiber inchlorinatedcis-1, 4-polybutadieneeased, and the tear strength, the modulus at 20% in L directionalso inchlorinated cis-1, 4-polybutadieneeased; thereinto, the reinforcement effect ofnylon short fiber was the best, and the cotton powder short fiber was the worst.

结果表明，短纤维氯化顺丁橡胶复合材料随纤维含量的增加，硬度不断增大，在L向拉伸时，撕裂强度、定伸应力提高，尼龙短纤维的补强效果最好，棉粉短纤维的最差；随纤维含量增加，短纤维氯化顺丁橡胶复合材料整体耐热老化性得到了极大改善，短纤维-氯化顺丁橡胶复合材料的性能呈现明显的各向异性。

With Death guitarist Schuldiner adopting vocal duties, the band made a major impact on the scene.

随着死亡的吉他手Schuldiner接受主唱的职务，乐队在现实中树立了重要的影响。

But he could still end up breakfasting on Swiss-government issue muesli because all six are accused of nicking around 45 million pounds they should have paid to FIFA.

不过他最后仍有可能沦为瑞士政府&议事餐桌&上的一道早餐，因为这所有六个人都被指控把本应支付给国际足联的大约4500万英镑骗了个精光。