红外辐射

The MODTRAN3.7 is used to calculate the top of atmosphere radiance and brightness temperature using the water surface temperatures measured by auto hydrometeorological buoy system in Qinghai Lake and atmospheric profiles of NCEP reanalyzed data.

利用青海湖自动浮标系统测得的水表温度和NCEP再分析资料的大气廓线，利用MODTRAN3.7计算大气层顶辐亮度和亮温，获得FY-2B热红外通道绝对辐射定标系数，从而计算等效黑体温度。

The MODTRAN3.7 is used to calculate the top of atmosphere radiance and brightness temperature using the water surface temperatures measured by auto hydrometeorological buoy system in Qinghai Lake and atmospheric profiles of NCEP reanalyzed data. Then, the absolute calibration coefficients of FY-2B thermal infrared channels are achieved by comparing the TOA radiance and brightness temperature with the digital counts.

利用青海湖自动浮标系统测得的水表温度和NCEP再分析资料的大气廓线，利用MODTRAN3.7计算大气层顶辐亮度和亮温，获得FY-2B热红外通道绝对辐射定标系数，从而计算等效黑体温度。

The objective of this design is to incept and convert the object's infrared radiation distribution into video signal to be displayed in real time after being post-processed.

本设计研究的目的就是完成对目标物体的红外热辐射分布的摄取，并且将其转化为视频信号经图像后处理后馈送给显示设备进行实时显示。

Aiming at the established three-layer infrared radiative transfer model of pollution cloud, the infrared radiative spectra of the pollution clouds at different concentrations were simulated with the field background spectra (that are measured by Fourier transform infrared spectrometer) and every interferent radiative spectrum as the basic radiative data.

结果表明：利用实测场地背景辐射光谱和该模型仿真污染云团DMMP红外光谱，光谱在810cm-1，920cm-1和1040cm-1波段上有明显的特征峰。

Hasinger and his colleagues have combined XMM and Infrared Space Observatory measurements of the Lockman Hole, putting a lower limit— 15percent—on the AGN contribution to the infrared background .

而哈辛格等人结合了洛克曼洞XMM和红外线太空观测站的测量结果，为AGN对红外背景辐射的贡献订了15%的下限。

In a 1997 interview, Plass told me,"all sorts of things came together" that placed him at the scientific forefront: new detailed laboratory measurements of the absorption bands of water vapor, carbon dioxide and ozone; theoretical developments involving the influence of temperature and pressure on infrared absorption; new information about the carbon cycle and industrial emissions; and access to a new high-speed electronic computer to facilitate complex calculations of radiative transfer that replaced the older, graphical approximations.

在1997年的一次采访中，普拉斯告诉我：&所有的事情都赶在一块儿&，把他推到了研究的最前沿：测量水蒸气、二氧化碳和臭氧的吸收光谱带有了新的实验方法；温度和压强对红外吸收的影响理论有了新的发展；碳循环和工业废气排放有了新的资料；新的高速电子计算机代替了老式的图解近似法，让辐射传热的复杂计算变得简单了。

The temporal characteristics of land surface temperature show that the underlaying surface in arid suburbs is mainly the deserts, and the temperature is high in the daytime.

利用MODIS热红外数据，在完成几何校正、辐射定标、大气校正、云检测等数据预处理后，利用分裂窗算法反演得到乌鲁木齐2000-2005年1，4，7，10月的地表温度空间数据。

The results show that the maximum detectivities of a-Si and polySiGe bolometers are 2.23×108 and 3.75×108 cmHz1/2W-1 respectively, and TFT-based room-temperature infrared detectors have a maximum detectivity of 1.02×109cmHz1/2W-1, which reaches the same highest level in performances in the world.

结果表明，斩波频率为30Hz时，a-Si和polySiGe测辐射热计的最高探测率分别达到2.23×108和3.75×108cmHz1/2W-1，TFT室温红外探测器的最高探测率可达1.02×109 cmHz1/2W-1，达到目前国际先进水平。

For meeting the needs of automated real-time dynamic monitoring of heavy fog events by means of a weather satellite remote-sensing technique for specialized meteorological services like military operations and highway traffic, the paper presents a systematic study of spectral characteristics of visible and infra red light, the textures and dynamic dispersals of fogs on satellite imagery in the context of theory on the transmission of atmospheric radiation, thereby revealing their abruptness, waviness and mass-like features, which, in combination with a synthetic technique for cloud/fog maps of multi-channel remote-sensing spectra are used to set up a model for automatic separation of fogs from clouds based on the integrative application of spectral features and texture structures, for which are constructed corresponding discfiminant functions and criteria, and on this basis prepared is a"system for remotely-sensing monitoring of low cloud and heavy fog"which has been used for tests, with the main conclusions shown as follows.

本文针对军事和高速公路等专业气象服务中应用气象卫星遥感技术对大雾进行自动化实时动态监测的实际需要，从大气辐射传输理论入手，系统地研究了气象卫星遥感图像上云雾的可见光和红外光谱特征、纹理结构特征和大雾的消散动态特征，揭示了雾的突发性、波动性和团状雾特性，通过研究多通道遥感光谱的云雾图像合成技术，建立了综合应用光谱特征和纹理结构特征的云雾自动分离模型，给出了相应的判别函数和判别准则，研制了&低云大雾遥感监测系统&，并进行了实际应用试验。

The range of the spectrum in which heat is radiated mostly lies within the infrared portion.

辐射热的光谱段大部分落在红外区。

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。