系统误差

Meanwhile, it makes it difficult to apply angle conversion system to practical goniometry curcuit. The paper makes improvement on the fast following-up conversion and proposes a high-precision dynamic goniometer system and a nonlinear high-speed following-up conversion mode based on inductosyn. It analyses the causes contributing to the error and deduces the expression bf the basic goniometry errors caused by output signal inaccuracy, and also puts forward the bounds on error of axis-to-angle converting.

对快速跟踪型轴角转换方法进行了改进，提出了一种基于感应同步器的高精度动态侧角系统及非线性快速跟踪型转换方式，分析了产生轴角转换误差的主要原因，推导出由输出信号误差引起的基本测角误差表达式，并提出了轴角转换的误差界。

This paper gives the time domain integral constraints of the feedback control systems tracking error that arise from the presence of stable zeros on or near the jω-axis, which shows that for a linear time invariant system, in order to guarantee the stability of the closed-loop system, the time domain integral constraints must be satisfied by the tracking error.

本文给出了反馈控制系统接近虚轴或虚轴上的稳定零点对跟踪误差的时间域积分约束。这一时间域积分约束是任何一个线性时不变系统为保证其闭环系统的稳定性，其跟踪误差必须满足的。

Web-based application system of geometric error compensation aims to broaden error compensation technology by using network. SMART-CNC machine tool has been chosen as the object of experiment. Based on the kinematics of multi-body system, the movement equation for SMART-CNC machine tool has been built.Furthermore, web-based error compensation system has been implemented.

基于Web的数控曲面磨床几何误差补偿技术：以误差补偿技术的网络化应用为目的展开研究，选取SMART-CNC 数控曲面磨床为研究对象，运用多体理论，建立了磨床的运动模型，获得了与精密刀具轨迹相对应的逆变刀具路线或逆变数控指令的求解方法，在此基础开发了基于网络的误差补偿软件，构建了网络化误差补偿服务系统。

In this paper, firstly, the new combined error model of cumulative geoid height influenced by three error sources including the inter-satellite range-rate of K-band ranging system, orbital position of GPS receiver and non-conservative force of accelerometer from GRACE satellites is established using the semi-analytical method. Secondly, the dependability of error models is demonstrated based on matching relationship among the accuracy indexes of key payloads. Finally, the accuracy of global gravitational field up to degree and order 120 is effectively and rapidly estimated from GRACE Level 1B measured observation errors of the year 2006 publicized by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory in the USA, and the cumulative geoid height error is 18.368 cm at degree 120, which preferably accords with the Earth's gravitational field model EIGEN-GRACE02S provided by the GeoForschungsZentrum Potsdam in Germany.

首先基于半解析法建立了新的GRACE卫星K波段测量系统星间测速、GPS接收机轨道位置和加速度计非保守力误差联合影响累计大地水准面的误差模型；其次，基于各关键载荷精度指标的匹配关系，论证了误差模型的可靠性；最后，基于美国喷气动力实验室公布的2006年的GRACE Level 1B实测误差数据，有效和快速地估计了120阶全球重力场的精度，在120阶处累计大地水准面的精度为18.368 cm，其结果和德国地学研究中心公布的EIGEN-GRACE02S全球重力场模型符合较好。

According to the analysis of real pitch errors within the mechanical angle of 0°~360°, the reason that caused the bouncing pitch errors between odd sampling and even sampling is the noneffective voltage of inductosyn angular measuring system.

根据实际测量得到测角系统在0°~360°之间全部零位误差数据，分析测角系统产生奇、偶点跳跃零位误差的原因来自于感应同步器测角系统引入的非有效电势。

By measuring missile movement inertia with torsion pendulum, the influences of periodic measurement error, systemic damp, period of swing object and corporative period of t he measured object and swinging object were analyzed. The relation among measurement error of movement inertia, measureme nt period, the period of swing object,corporaˉ tive period of tested object and swing object was proved. The maxi mal ratio between movement inertia for swinging obˉ ject and the measured object under conditions of different errors w as given under typical measurement precision.

通过扭摆测量导弹转动惯量的方法，分析了周期测量误差、系统阻尼、摆动体周期以及被测件和摆动体共摆周期对转动惯量测量精度的影响，得出转动惯量测量误差和周期测量误差、摆动体摆动周期、被测件和摆动体共摆周期之间的关系，给出了在典型的测量精度要求，不同的周期测量误差情况下，摆动体转动惯量和被测件转动惯量之间的最大比值。

And by comparing the actual clock, find out the source of the error and determined the method of adjusting error, reduce errors as much as possibly, so this system can achieve a practical digital clock with error within the permissible range.

并且通过对比实际的时钟，查找出了误差的来源，确定了调整误差的方法，尽可能的减少误差，使得系统可以达到实际数字钟的允许误差范围内。

This paper first elaborated the principle of SINS, some interrelated information,and the affect of renewed arithmetic to the system"s precision. Then, we studied thequaternion in traditional renewed attitude arithmetic. The quaternion is simple, andwhen run it into computer, it"s time saving. So, this arithmetic is often adopted byengineering. However, the quaternion brought unexchangeable error inevitably. Whenthe carrying body moves in highly dynamic situation, the error would become larger.So we should take effective measure to get over it.

本文首先论述了捷联式惯性导航系统的工作原理及相关知识，捷联惯导系统姿态更新算法对系统精度的影响；其次研究了传统的姿态更新算法中四元数法，该算法简单，计算量小，因而在工程中经常被采用，但是在四元数法中不可避免的引入了不可交换性误差，特别是在载体处于高动态环境时，这种误差就会很大，必须采取有效措施加以克服。

At present, the data processing fashion using by the observation-aiming systems on modern tanks is based in a single turret coordinate frame. The model errors of the fire-control system become the principal errors, when the fire-control system is tracking the motorizing objects.

目前我国主战坦克的观瞄系统使用的是建立在单一炮塔坐标下的数据处理方式，基于这种数据处理方式的火控系统，在跟踪机动目标时的模型误差成为系统作战的主要误差，已经无法满足现代作战对打击机动目标的要求。

The machining errors of gear that relate to the nature of involute are studied with gear engagement theory in this paper and they are summarized as transmission errors, axle relative position errors and cutter errors.

本文首次综合运用了齿轮啮合理论中的瞬时啮合节点与瞬时啮合点的概念，系统地研究了与渐开线性质有关的齿轮加工误差产生的啮合机理，并将其概括为传动误差、回转轴相对位置误差及刀具误差。

I didn't watch TV last night, because it .

昨晚我没有看电视，因为电视机坏了。

Since this year, in a lot of villages of Beijing, TV of elevator liquid crystal was removed.

今年以来，在北京的很多小区里，电梯液晶电视被撤了下来。