系统学

The orders best represented are coleoptera, diptera and hymenoptera. Material can be use for studies in systematics, taxonomy, comparative morphology, etc.

其中最有代表性的有鞘翅目、双翅目、膜翅目昆虫品种，主要用于系统学、分类学和比较动态学的研究。

Molecular systematics on germplasm resources of oak silkworm, Antheraea pernyi, including genetic diversity, cultivar taxonomy and microevolution within species, were investigated using Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA , mtDNA sequence analysis and population genetic analysis.

中文题名柞蚕种质资源的分子系统学研究副题名外文题名 Molecular systematics on germplasm resources of Antheraea pernyi 论文作者刘彦群导师鲁成向仲怀学科专业特种经济动物饲养学研究领域\研究方向蚕的生物技术与遗传育种学位级别博士学位授予单位西南农业大学学位授予日期2003 论文页码总数143页关键词蚕种质资源柞蚕馆藏号BSLW /2003 /S885 /1 柞蚕业是我国的一项传统产业，在现代国民经济中仍然具有资源配置、经济和生态的合理性，有着广阔的发展前景。

The intergeneric and infrageneric relationships of Gaultherieae based on morphological study have been debated for a long time. In this dissertation, palynology and seed morphology of Gaultherieae were studied for employing more critical characters for the reclassification.

本研究基于孢粉学和种子形态学的实验手段，研究了白珠树族相关形态特征的演化过程和系统学意义，为进一步对该族的分类学修订提供重要形态性状。

The research advances in genetic relationships of peach germplasm, including the morphologic, cytology, palynology, biochemistry and DNA molecular markers, were reviewed in this paper. The actuality, prospect and urgent problems of peach germplasm resources were also discussed. To further study the genetic relationships of wildness, sib wildness and cultivar groups of peach, we may resort on genetic markers and DNA sequence analysis in addition to morphological characters.

本文从形态学、细胞学、孢粉学、生物化学及DNA分子标记等几个方面综述了桃种质资源亲缘关系的研究进展，探讨了桃种质资源亲缘关系的研究现状、前景及尚需解决的问题，并就进一步开展桃种质资源亲缘关系的研究进行了分析，提出桃种质野生种、近缘野生种厦不同栽培品种群间的分子系统学关系是今后研究的重点。

The fulfill of the project would enhance the research level of sawfly larvae in China. It is very important in the research of insect systematics and is also of high importance in the conservation of Chinese biodiversity, as well as in the theory and practice of control of forest and flower pests.

不仅有助于提高我国昆虫幼虫学研究水平，在昆虫系统学研究方面具有重要意义，而且在中国生物多样性保护、林木花卉害虫控制的理论和实践上也具有重要意义。

However, some recent studies demonstrated that urochordate sea squirt is the sister group of vertebrates instead of cephalochordates.In order to further elucidate the relationship in cephalochordates,urochordates and vertebrates and therefore,it is very essential for carting through transcriptome-wide analysis of amphioxusand comparating with sea Urchin and sea squirt.In addition,it would also provide an important foundation for further annotating and assembling of the forthcomingly publicized amphioxus genome.

近来分子系统学的研究结果对文昌鱼的进化地位提出了挑战，因此本论文在文昌鱼基因组计划尚未完成之前，对文昌鱼EST序列的转录组比较分析以及EST数据库分析平台的建立，为更进一步地注释文昌鱼的基因功能、揭示其进化地位以及比较基因组学的研究都具有十分重要的理论与实践意义。

The fragments of mtDNA COI gene were sequenced for 11 species from 3 subfamilies of Cypraeidae, and the homologous sequences of another 17 species of Cypraeidae were downloaded from GenBank.

首先，本研究对腹足纲部分类群的分子系统学研究进展及宝贝科动物系统进化研究中存在的若干问题进行了较为系统的评述。

Japonica. Brief speculation on the evolutionary trend of the seed-coat micromorphological features of the genus Kadsura is discussed.Cladistic principles and methods have been employed in this study. The morphological characters have been polarized for phylogenetic analysis. Cladograms have been gotten with the related genus Illicium as the outgroup. As a result, a new system of the genus Kadsura has been reconstructed.

整理有关南五味子属植物研究的资料，补充搜集整理近期发表的资料和作者研究所得的数据，采用分支系统学的原理及方法，对本属植物的形态性状进行分析，确定性状极性，以种为基本进化单元，选择近缘且原始的八角属Illicium作为外类群，采用PAUP软件，对本研究得出的性状数据作系统分析，重建南五味子属的系统发育。

In recent years, as methods of the molecular phylogeny widely used in the studies of systematics and phylogeny of Nymphalidae, the basic phylogenetic patterns of them have been clarified. However, up to the present, these studies, especially about the taxa distributed in China is rather scarce.

近年来，由于分子生物学在蛱蝶科系统分类中的广泛应用，蛱蝶科各主要类群间系统发生关系的格局逐步清晰，但国内蛱蝶科的分子系统学研究还十分匮乏。

The research history of Earth system can be divided into three stages:Ancient, Great Divide and Great Syncretic stages, and that the Earth System Science will be the mainstream in Earth science research for a long time.

简略回顾了地球系统的研究历史，指出人类数千年来关于地球系统的研究可分为古代、大分化和大融合3个阶段，提出&地球系统学&在今后相当一段时间内将是地学研究的主流。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。