系统发育

Phylogenetic dendrogram indicates that the relations among clones and isolated strains and their closest relatives presented certain distances;both Isolated 7(FJ439527) and Clone 86(EU834839) had a near relation with the novel species of pseudomonas xiamenensis.

系统发育关系表明，两种技术方法所确定的微生物之间亲缘关系存在一定距离；Isolated 7(FJ439527)和Clone 86(EU834839)与假单胞菌属中的1个新种——厦门藻亲缘关系较近。

Our research showed that the genetic variation of raptors and nighthawks was abundant and that the number of transitions and transversions in 12S rRNA and 16S rRNA genes increased gradually with p-distance and appeared not to be saturated, which indicated the phylogenetic relationship made in this study was really reflected.

所采用的12S rRNA和16S rRNA基因变异丰富，研究表明该基因的转换数和颠换数随着遗传距离的增加呈稳定性增长，未出现饱和现象；因此该基因数据能够提供有效的遗传变异信息，反映出较高真实水平的鸟类系统发育关系。

The phylogeny of the known 427 genera of Tenthredinoidea of world was reconstructed using the principle and methods of cladistics.

应用支序系统学原理和方法研究了膜翅目叶蜂总科世界已知427属的系统发育关系。

Three types of cuticular thickening at the polar region of the guard cells are observed: slight cuticular thickening; rod-shaped culicular thickening and rarely T-shaped thickening.With data obtained from the former research and personal observation, the cladistic methods were employed for the phylogenetic analysis of data and trees were rooted byout-group comparison using, the related genus Kadsura. as result, a new system of the genusSchisamdra Michaux was reconstructed, and Schisandra Michaux was subdivided into 2 subgenus, 3 section, 2 series 10 species in this dissertation.

整理有关五味子属植物研究的资料，补充搜集近期发表的资料和本人研究所得数据，以种为基本单元，选择近缘的南五味子属作为外类群，采用PAUP4.0b4a软件对本研究得出的性状数据作分支分析，重建五味子属的系统发育，修订和补充五味子属分类系统，在五味子属下设2亚属、3组、2系、10种。

A temporally calibrated cladogram depicting the phylogenetic position of Mahakala and paravian body size through time and across phylogeny is shown.

1暂时校准cladogram描绘的系统位置玛哈嘎拉和paravian身体大小，通过时间及整个系统发育显示。

The mixed microbial populations from the bioleaching plant in Zijinshan Copper Mine is separated and purified,and the identification based on the molecular biological,morphologic and physiologic methods of the microbe depurated and cultured are conducted by polyphasic taxonomy and phylogeny analysis with application of the 16S rDNA sequences and DNA homology technology.

对福建紫金山铜矿生物堆浸系统中的浸矿微生物进行分离纯化，对得到的纯化培养物采用了多相分类与系统发育分析方法，应用16S rRNA基因全序列分析技术，进行分子生物学鉴定、微生物形态性征与生理生化代谢特征鉴定。

Based on the phylogenetic analysis, we interred that this was a result of a genome dulplication that occurred c.

我的&分子同僚&很聪明，他们在植物分类学领域从来不说自己是搞分类，也不敢说是研究植物系统发育重建分类系统的。

This thesis reviewed the historical development, the current taxonomic status and the phylogeny of rhizobia, and compared the main methods applied in rhizobial polyphasic taxonomy.

本论文综述了根瘤菌的分类现状、系统发育地位及有关的研究方法；采用数值分类、16S rDNA PCR-RFLP、BOX-PCR、AFLP、16S rDNA 序列分析、G+Cmol%测定、DNA-DNA同源性分析等多相分类技术对分离自我国不同地区的木本豆科植物刺槐、黄檀、合欢根瘤菌进行了系统地分类学上的研究。

After pathogenic fungi identified,we found 26 of them can cause cotton leaf spot. The 26 pathogenetic strains were carried out morphological and molecular identification of the firm. The initial identification of the pathogens is through the morphological observation such as the determination of growth, colony morphology, conidia and conidial stalk.

通过对生长量的测定，菌落形态，分生孢子和分生孢子梗等形态学观察进行形态学鉴定；通过PCR扩增真菌核糖体基因转录间隔区序列并测序，并将序列在GenBank上进行同源性比对和构建系统系统发育树等方法进行分子鉴定，鉴定出这26株真菌分属链格孢属、镰孢属、黑孢属、刺盘孢属、匍柄霉属等5个属。

This paper summarizes the general properties of mitochondrial ribosomal RNA,transfer RNA,protein coding genes and noncoding regions,and the phylogenetic usefulness of individual mitochondrial genes for insect taxa.

通过对昆虫遗传物质的研究，探讨不同分类水平上的昆虫类群之间的系统发育、进化机制和种群遗传变异及分化，从生命的本质上探寻昆虫各类群之间的系统关系[1，2 ] 。

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。