系统发育

The cladogram proposed in the present paper also suggests that the maniraptoran Troodontidae and Oviraptoridae should have the branched feathers, and that feathers evolve and initially diversify in terrestrial theropod dinosaurs before the origin of birds and their flight.

本文给出的奔龙类系统关系图还显示：伤齿龙类和窃蛋龙类也应该发育了具有羽干及羽片的羽毛结构，而且羽毛已不再是鸟类所特有的特征，它早在鸟类及其飞行产生之前就已经存在并且有相当程度的分化。

Result］Totally 209 cases with preoperative Cobbs angle 45 degree to 110 degree（average 68 degree）were instrumented with improved USS systems and 96 cases were followed up for 26～60 month.

这种改装的USS系统不影响脊柱的纵向生长和两椎弓根的横向间发育。

Methods Twelve Nucleus 24 cochlear implant users participated in this study which included two patients with malformed cochleas. 13 electrodes from 10 patients were measured using the NRT software developed by Cochlear Corporation.

受试对象为使用Nucleus CI24M 型多导人工耳蜗系统的患者10 例，其中2 名患者的耳蜗发育畸形。

In this test, metabolites and enzyme activities involved in energy metabolism in Cysticercus cellulosae were determined systematicly in vivo and in vitro and under action of drugs.The principles of variation of energy metabolism in Cysticercus cellulosae and mechanism of action of the benzimidazol carbamate drugs were illustrated so as to select an effective drug against immature and mature cysticerci and to provide a theoretical and experimental chemotherapy.

本研究首次系统地测定了体内发育过程中、体外培养条件下及抗囊药物作用下猪囊尾蚴能量代谢的有关物质含量和酶活性的变化，阐明了猪囊尾蚴的能量代谢变化规律和苯并咪唑氨基甲酸酯类药物作用机理，为筛选有效的抗囊药物以及为药物治疗提供了重要的实验和理论依据。

PL could maintain cellular membrane integrity,induce the oxidative damage to biomembrane by free radicle and improve antioxygen ability and ATPase activity of larval fish.5 Effect of phospholipid supplementation in formulated microdiets on foregut and liver histological changes of Pelteobagrus fulvidraco larvaePurpose:This study was undertaken to determine the effect of commercial PL supplementation in formulated microdiets on foregut and liver histological changes of Pelteobagrus fulvidraco larvae,which can further investigated the mechanism of the growth-promoting effect of PL with the study of histology and digestive physicalogy.

磷脂能够维持黄颡鱼仔稚鱼细胞膜的完整性，降低自由基对生物膜的过氧化损伤，提高机体抗氧化系统的活力和ATP酶活性。5饲料中不同磷脂添加水平对黄颡鱼仔稚鱼前肠和肝脏组织学的影响目的：研究在实际配方的人工微粒饲料中添加商品大豆磷脂对黄颡鱼仔稚鱼消化肠道肝脏器官发育及脂肪消化吸收的影响，进一步从组织学消化生理角度揭示磷脂对仔稚鱼促生长作用机理。

Petroleum systems in half-grabens extend along the slope, while petroleum systems in grabens are basically restricted between two boundary faults or extend slightly.

盆地早第三纪经历了3个裂陷期，均发育有烃源岩、储层和局部盖层，形成的含油气系统存在着依次改造相互叠加组合的关系。

So the elevating and plunging between these three anticlinal belts imply the displacement transfer in the southnorth direction. The deep structures of the second and third rows of antclinal belts in the Southern Junggar Basin are composed of several imbricate hinge wedgeshaped fault blocks, which usually have small lateral extension, but may have independent reservoir system and different hydrocarbongaswater characteristics.

准噶尔盆地南缘第二、三排背斜带中-新生界内部发育多个小型的构造楔形体，这些互相叠置的楔形构造横向延伸不大，但有可能构成独立的成藏系统，具有不同的油气水特征，从而造成同一个背斜带不同部位的含油气性迥异。

Plants modulate their shoot architecture by regulating activities of the shoot apical meristem and axillary meristems.

高等植物通过调节顶端分生组织和侧生分生组织的活性建立地上株型系统，分生组织的活性受环境信号、发育阶段和遗传因素的综合调控，植物激素参与这些信号的整合。

The proportion of embryos developing to the blastocyst stage was not significantly different between two systems, however the static microdevice environments produced significantly more morulas than did control groups.

胚胎发育成囊胚阶段在两个系统之比率并无明显差异，然而在静态微装置环境比对照组产生明显较多桑葚体。

In metropolitanization development, there are two primary problems that the rural areas and farmers are facing. One is that the full-aspect collapse of traditional culture, good vogues and customs, and value system causes people to loose necessary sense and clear realistic consciousness. The other is that general farmers and countryside area are easier to absorb the declined and decayed things of metropolis culture, because individual modern cultural enginery can not develop timely and fully, and the reasons of the limited actual occupancy of social and cultural resource etc.

在都市化进程中，广大的农业地区与农民在文化生活上面临的主要问题有二：一是由于传统文化、良风美俗与价值系统的全面崩溃，使人们在实际生活上完全丧失了必要的判断力与清醒的现实意识；二是由于个体的现代文化机能未能及时、充分发育，以及由于实际占有社会与文化资源的有限等原因，广大农民与农村地区更容易吸收都市文化中没落、腐朽的东西。

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。