系统发育

Calcium system is the main system that guarantees the survival, growth, development and cell function of neuron.

神经元内钙系统是保证神经元生存、生长、发育和行使细胞功能的核心系统。

Includes the structure and biophysical properties of excitable cells, synaptic transmission, neurochemistry, neurodevelopment, and integration of information in simple systems and the visual system.

其中包括易兴奋细胞的结构与生物物理性质、突触传递、神经化学、神经发育以及简单系统与视觉系统信息的整合。

Given this assumption, even if the parameters of the system are randomly perturbed, by either genetic mutation, environmental variance or experimental manipulation during development, the system will generate a limited and discrete subset of phenotypes.

而在这种假设的前提下，即使系统各参数值在发育过程中受到随机的扰动（或者是遗传突变，或者是环境变化或人工实验操纵），系统也会产生出某个有限的、离散的表型[11]子集。

This article reviews domestic and abroad studies on the types of spore germination,characteristics of protonema development and effects of environmental factors . It also presents the latest progress in this field from 1990s, such as the action mechanisms of Ca 2+·CAM signal system, plant hormones and light sign...

本文综述苔藓植物孢子萌发类型、原丝体发育特征以及环境影响因子等，还介绍了 2 0世纪90年代以来该领域研究的新进展，如人们以苔藓植物原丝体为实验材料进一步揭示Ca2 +·CAM信号系统、、植物激素、光信号系统等在植物体内的作用机制

Mechanical environment, as a native survival one, is very complicated and constituted of many different kinds of forces, such as the forces in vitro or between tissues and cells, and the interactive intracellular stress during the process of formation and remodification of cytoskeletons. All these forces regulate bodies' developments and cellular differentiations, which is particularly obvious in bone tissues.

力学环境是自然赋予生命体的一种生存环境，在这个复杂的环境中，生物体外的力、生命运动过程中产生的体内各组织、细胞间的相互作用力及细胞骨架形成和变化时产生的细胞内张力交互作用，构成了一个力学系统，调节着生物体的生长发育和细胞分化，这一点表现在力对骨骼系统的作用上尤为明显。

The study employed fenpropathrin to jeopardize pregnant rats modeling as the experimental object to observe and analyze the effective of fenpropathrin to the pregnant SD rat itself, the filial generation and the reproductive capability.

以甲氰菊酯染毒妊娠大鼠模型为实验对象，观察、分析甲氰菊酯对母体、妊娠及子代生长发育和生殖能力的影响，评估甲氰菊酯对免疫系统、神经系统及生殖系统的可能损害，并初步揭示其机理。

General arithmetic frameworks of crop simulation model can be systemically classified by the crop variety, and then on the base of crops" general physiological-ecological process, it is divided into five modules. We synthetically epurate general arithmetic frameworks, covering crops" main dynamics of growth process, such as plant development stage and phenophase, photosynthesis, respiration, dry matter accumulation and partitioning , LAI, yield formation, et al, and introduce parameters to build different crops growth simulation general arithmetic.

根据作物的不同类型，对国内外作物生长模拟模型进行系统分类，再以作物的一般生理生态规律为基础，将作物生长模型划分成五大组成模块，通过系统地分析、综合，提炼作物生长模拟通用算法框架，涵盖了作物阶段发育和物候期、光合作用、呼吸作用、干物质积累和分配、叶面积指数、产量形成等主要的生长动态过程，并采用参数化建立了不同作物的生长模拟模型通用算法。

During the researchperiod, the researcher collects a great number of literatures and research data. On theadvanced bases, the paper summary the achievement of previous development innatural disaster risk research both in domestic and abroad for references. Starting fromearth systemic and scientific thought, the paper makes analysis on the maincharacteristics of natural disaster risk system and probes into the theories and methodsof natural disaster risk assessment. The paper apply Remote Sensing and GIStechniques to take apart the dynamic assessment ways and modes of natural disasterrisk in diverse scales cities, in order to provide scientific basis for urban disaster riskdecreasing and risk decision-making management.

在国家自然科学基金项目&中国沿海城市自然灾害风险评估体系研究&和重点项目&沿海城市自然灾害风险应急预案情景分析&的资助下，调查分析了中国沿海典型城市自然灾害发育特征及其风险管理，获得了大量的文献资料与数据基础上，借鉴国内外自然灾害风险研究进展的成果，从地球系统科学思想出发，分析了典型城市自然灾害风险系统主要特征，探讨城市自然灾害风险评估方法与理论，并应用遥感和GIS技术，剖析城市不同尺度下的自然灾害风险动态评估途径和范式，为城市综合减灾降险和风险管理决策提供科学依据。

Object of Study and Methods We obtained a Chinese pedigree with bilateral congenital microtia of concha type in 56 members of 5 generations family,we analyzed their clinical and hereditary features,epidemiology database and blood sample were collected for further study as well.

结果：该患者家系内共有成员56人，无近亲婚配情况，共有5代发病，累及患者20名，均为先天性双侧耳甲腔型小耳畸形患者，未伴有Treacher-Collins综合征及Millers综合征的相关表现，未发现心血管系统，泌尿系统以及四肢等发育畸形。

With the rich sediments supplied by the Pearl River, under the paleogeography sedimentary background of Baiyun Sag continuously subsiding, with sedimentary sequences related to relative transgressive sea level change ,contrary to regressive eustasy, the Pearl River Deepwater Fan System has specific evolution characteristics, which left the sedimentary record controlled by peripherical significant geological events. The sharp change of deposition rate and lithologic geochemical characteristics about 23.8Ma sequence boundary demonstratesd that sediment source had changed, perhaps related to the uplift of Tibet plateau and spreading of the South China Sea, which led the paleoPearl River drainage to expand to western China plateau , maybe much broader than present.

珠江深水扇系统以珠江为沉积物源、以持续深沉降的白云凹陷为沉积古地理背景、以与全球海退型海平面相反的相对海侵型海平面变化的沉积层序构成了其发育演化的特殊性，并留下了控制沉积的周边重要事件的记录。23.8 Ma等界面沉积速率和岩石地球化学特征均有突变，反映出物源区的变化，可能折射出与青藏高原隆升、南海扩张有关的重要事件，使得古珠江骤然向西部高原拓展，甚至较今天的珠江流域范围还广阔；承载珠江深水扇系统的白云凹陷持续沉降形成了陆坡内盆地，导致21~10.5 Ma BP多个层序深水扇垂向叠置充填的特殊沉积建造；根据60多口井资料建立的相对海平面变化曲线，具有与全球海平面变化相一致的三级旋回和不一致的二级旋回。

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。