系统发育

Objective To investigate the phylogenic diversity of Bartonella in Yunnan Province,P.R.China, by using phylogenetic analyses based on gltA gene sequence comparisons. Methods The 32 variants of Bartonella isolated in Yunnan Province and published in GenBank from 1999 to today were taken as the target strains.

目的 基于gltA基因序列的系统发育分析对云南巴尔通体的样性进行分析方法用云南省1999年至今分离到的并已在GenBank中公布的32 巴尔通体变异体目标株，利用网上核酸序列比对程序BLAST进行核酸序列同源性搜索，调出相似性最高且有效发表典型菌株为对比株，进行比对和系统发育分析。

The polymorphic profile could reflect the polymorphism of the taxa and related taxa. RAPD can provide some molecular proof for Bryaceae's phylogeny. There is no need to study deeply on Phylogenetic relationships of Bryaceae.

可见RAPD可以为真藓科Bryaceae植物的系统发育研究提供分子证据，真藓科Bryaceae植物的系统发育关系有待进一步研究。

The phylogenetic analysis indicated that within the subspecies data of Canis lupus, Canis lupus laniger polarized first, then did Canis lupus arabs. Canis lupus chanco and Canis lupus lupus were sister species, which had similar phylogenetic positions.

基于12S rRNA+16S rRNA+ H链上的12个蛋白质编码基因的联合数据的系统发育分析发现，在已报道的狼亚种数据中，西藏狼的分化时间最早，其次为阿拉伯狼，蒙古狼与欧亚狼的系统发育地位最为接近。

To study the phylogenetic relationships of Labeoninae fishes in Cyprinidae, the Phylogenetic Tree was reconstructed based on sequences of mitochondrial 16S rRNA.

为研究其在鲤科鱼类中的系统发育关系，以16S rRNA基因作为遗传标记进行鲤科鱼类的系统发育分析。

Lastly, based on analysis on phylogentic relationships among 39 ciliates combined with their main morphologic characters, some conclusion were drawn: 1 the monophyly of the peritrichs was strongly supported, and its subclass rank in the class Oligohymenophorea is reasonable; 2 the genus Epistylis might not be monophyletic, and the peristomial area, especially the peristomial lip, might be an important phylogenetic character within the genus Epistylis; 3 the taxonomic rank of the genus Carchesium and the genus Campanella were suggested to be adjusted; 4 Opisthonecta probably diverged from peritrichs with stalks; 5 the phylogenetic tree of peritrichs was reconstructed based on the molecular information inferred from SSrRNA gene sequences and the morphology.

测定了6科8属13种缘毛类纤毛虫的SSrDNA序列，将构建的最大简约树和邻接树与形态学相结合，分析得出：1）缘毛类纤毛虫是单系的，其分类地位是隶属于纤毛门寡膜纲缘毛亚纲：2）指出累枝虫属可能不是单系的，口围区是累枝虫属中重要的系统发育特征；3）建议调整独缩虫和聚钟虫属的分类地位；4）得出后游虫可能是由有柄缘毛类进化而来的类群；5）基于缘毛类反口区结构和SSrRNA基因序列提供的信息重建了缘毛类纤毛虫的系统发育树。

In this paper, we made a brief introduction to the significance of Bayesian inference in the molecular evolution and phylogenetic reconstruction, and its application in the molecular phylogeny of Liliales.

本文简要介绍了贝叶斯推论原理及其在分子进化和系统发育研究中的重要性，并使用该方法对百合目主要类群的系统发育关系进行了重建。

In this paper, we made a brief introduction to the significance of Bayesian inference in the molecular evolution and phylogenetie reconstruction, and its application in the molecular phylogeny of Liliales.

本文简要介绍了贝叶斯推论原理及其在分子进化和系统发育研究中的重要性，并使用该方法对百合目主要类群的系统发育关系进行了重建。

How to incorporate IIAHs into phylogenetic framework has been a focus in current studies.

如何挖掘并利用其中所包含的系统发育信息成为近年来系统发育学的研究热点。

The result suggests that IGF-IR and EGFR might be involved in mediating the effects of energy intake on the development of reproductive system in prepubertal gilts.

结果表明：日粮能量水平显著影响初情期前母猪卵巢上两种生长因子受体的表达，高能量对表达有促进作用，有利于两种生长因子作用的发挥，从而利于生殖系统的生长发育；因此，IGF-1R和EGFR可能参与介导能量摄入对初情期前母猪生殖系统发育的影响。

To discuss phylogenesis of avian and to solute puzzle of taxology through avian acoustics,which integrate with morphologic,ecology,behavior and molecular biology and so on,is the primary trend of modern studies of avian vocalizations.

鸟声学与形态学、行为学、生态学、分子生物学等多学科相结合，探讨鸟类物种独立性、系统发育及帮助解决其它学科解决分类疑难是现代鸟声学应用于系统发育研究的主要趋势。

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。