系统发育

For atpB, maximum parsimony analyses suggested that Myricaceae are sister to all other core "higher" hamamelids.

2基于线粒体matR基因序列的分析除南青冈科作为其他所有壳斗目类群的姐妹群得到强支持外，其余的壳斗目的科间系统发育关系都未得到很好的分辨。

It has been indicated that Yw18 could utilize methylparathion and ρ-nitrophenol,a main metabolite product for the insecticide,as sole source of carbon and it was identified as Ochrobacterum sp,and capable of degrading 50 mg·L-1 of methylparathion,ρ-nitrophenol,rapidly in 0.5 h and 8 h respectively,after analyzing metabolite products with ga...

用气相色谱法和分光光度法对Yw18的降解性能进行了研究，结果表明，在0.5 h内它对50 mg.L-1甲基对硫磷的降解率达90%以上，在8 h内能将50 mg.L-1对硝基苯酚完全降解。对该菌进行了系统发育研究，并用PCR法克隆其甲基对硫磷降解酶基因mpd。

It also contained Chlorophyll-c2 and Chlorophyll-c2 derivatives. 4. The phylogenetic analysis of MD1 18S rDNA by using NJ method indicated that MD1 belonged to the genera Nitzschia. MD1 was closest to the Peridinium foliaceum endosymbiont(Y10567) and formed one clade each other in the phylogenetic tree.

在序列的遗传距离研究中，MD1与Peridinium foliaceum endosymbiont（Y10567）的18S rRNA基因序列的相似性接近种的定义标准，且在系统发育树中聚在一起，但未得到显著的BP支持率，故不能定义为同种。

Strain 117 and 43401 are most closely related to the type strains of Nocardia pseudobrasiliensis and Nocardia nova, sharing 16S rDNA sequence similarities of 98.2% and 98.7%, respectively.

在以16S rDNA序列为基础的系统发育树上，菌株117和43401在诺卡氏菌属的辐射分枝范围内形成单独的两个两枝。

Diversity and phylogeny of rhizobia isolated from root nodules of Sesbania cannabina in Jinshajiang arid river valley;2. To study the diversity and phylogeny of rhizobia from Sesbania cannabina in JinShaJiang arid river vally in Sichuan,48 rhizobia was isolated,nodulated,and studied by numerical taxonomy,BOXAIR-PCR,16S rDNA PCR-RFLP,sequences analysis of 16S rDNA and GSⅡ.

从金沙江干热河谷区田菁根瘤中分离得到48株根瘤菌，在对其进行回接实验后，采用数值分类、BOXAIR-PCR、16S rDNAPCR-RFLP、16S rDNA和GSⅡ序列分析方法对这些菌株进行研究，以揭示在金沙江干热河谷区这一特殊地理环境下田菁根瘤菌的多样性和系统发育地位。

The ratio between nonsynonymous and synonymous substitutions for CP gene is 0.092 which indicated the negative selective pressure for amino acid changes. No distinct correlation was found among isolates in different years or different isolates in one year in a

灰飞虱的RAPO聚类分析结果与病毒CP基因的系统发育分析结果具有一些相似性，初步暗示了RSV与灰飞虱很可能是共同进化的。

The ratio between nonsynonymous and synonymous substitutions for CP gene is 0.092 which indicated the negative selective pressure for amino acid changes. No distinct correlation was found among isolate s in different years or different isolates in one year in a

灰飞虱的 RAPO聚类分析结果与病毒CP基因的系统发育分析结果具有一些相似性，初步暗示了 RSV与灰飞虱很可能是共同进化的。

All kinds of these study results, including analyzing the nucleotide composition, the amino acid composition, the nucleotide diversity, the synonymous and the nonsynonymous, the transition and the transvertion, the frequencies of the codon used, the construction (including four stems and four loops) of tRNAleu,the phylogeny,suggest that great distinctness present among the genera and small difference even none among species.

在各种分析中(包括核苷酸基本组成分析；氨基酸基本组成分析；核苷酸多样性分析；非同义替代和同义替代分析；密码子使用频率分析；转换与颠换分析；tRNAleu基因的四臂四环二级结构分析；&翻译启始&和&翻译终止&在进化过程中的变化；系统发育分析)，属间的差异相当明显，而种间差异很小甚至是没有任何不同之处。

Two independent molecular sources were used to reconstruct phylogeny: the 16S rRNA gene on the mitochondrial genome and the 28S rRNA gene on the nuclear genome. A comparison of the sequences showed that the obtained 28S rDNA sequences have evolved at a much slower rate than the 16S rDNA, and that the former is better than the latter for resolving deep branching in the Odonata.

两种独立的分子资源用于重建系统发育发展史：线粒体基因组的16s rRNA基因和核基因组的28s rRNA序列比对表明：获得的28s rDNA序列以远低于16s rDNA的速率进化，并且28s rDNA比16s rDNA更适于分析蜻蜓目的深度分支。

The high AAPB diversity in oligotrophic oceans was further confirmed.

系统发育分析的结果表明真光层以下的AAPB种群也是多样化的，覆盖了所有在表层海水中发现的亚群，但多样性、GC和GC3含量比表层站位稍低，同时优势度更高。

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。