系统发育

Dissimilatory Fe-reducing bacteria are spread throughout the domain of bacteria and archaea.

异化Fe还原菌不是分类学上的概念，它具有系统发育及环境来源多样性的特点。

Results showed that planktonic Prorocentrum were assembled to onegroup while benthic Prorocentrum were assembled to another group. The percentagesof the bootstrap values were higher than 95%. The results demonstrated that theplanktonic and benthic Prorocentrum should belong to different genus. Furthermore, the resulting phlogenetic structure showed the percentages of thebootstrap values (98%-100%) of Alexandrium in NJ and ML trees were significantlevers and belong to one group, divergently with genus Gonyaulax.

通过分析 17 种甲藻 18S rDNA 序列构建的系统发育树，营浮游生活的原甲藻在显著水平上聚为一类，而底栖种聚为一类，统计置信度均高于 95％，底栖原甲藻和营浮游生活原甲藻在 NJ 树和 ML 树上均为两个分支，且底栖型的分异速度较浮游型迅速，该结果说明原甲藻属中浮游种和底栖种应分属于不同类群。

In this work, we used the sequences of nuclear genes (ITS, Adh2, Adh3 and Waxy) and cpDNA (trnL-F and matK) to explore the origin of Elymus species and the Y genome, and to reveal the mechanism of the geographical differentiation of the StY-genome Elymus species.

本文通过核基因ITS、Adh和Waxy基因以及叶绿体基因trnL-F和marK的序列分析了披碱草属相关二倍体种的系统发育关系和披碱草属植物的起源。

Because microsatellite DNA accords with Mendelian inheritance and can reflect population relationship more reliability. mtDNA is extranuclear inheritance and belongs to maternal inheritance and is not superiority in population relationship analysis.

由于微卫星DNA符合孟德尔遗传规律，能够反映群体间的亲缘关系，构建的系统发育树结构可靠。mtDNA是核外遗传物质，具有母系遗传的特点，在反映群体间的亲缘关系上不具优势。

Phylogenetic analyses indicated that Accipitridae was closer to Strigidae instead of Falconidae, and the classification of Tytonidae was different from the previously morphological and DNA-DNA hybridization study.

系统发育分析显示，隼形目鹰科更接近于鸱鸮科而不是隼科，而草鸮科的分类地位也与传统的形态学和DNA－DNA杂交数据的结论存在分歧。

Phylogenetic analyses indicated that Accipitridae was closer to Strigidae instead of Falconidae,and the classification of Tytonidae was different from the conclusion from the previously morphological and DNA-DNA hybridization studies.

系统发育分析显示，隼形目鹰科更接近于鸱鸮科而不是隼科，而草鸮科的分类地位也与传统的形态学和DNA－DNA杂交数据的结论存在分歧。

Quality analysis of HPLC and HPCE supplied scientific theories for Radix Gentiana in cultivation and collection.

通过RAPD和ISSR指纹图谱的分析为正品龙胆分类及系统发育研究提供了分子生物学依据。

The 16S rDNA sequence of the 4 strains were aligned with the 16S rDNA sequences of other species in genus Burkholderia,and the polygenetic tree was produced by using a Clustal V and treeview software.The results showed that P.cocovenenans subsp.farinofermentans was in a high homology with Burkholderia gladioli and Burkholderia cocovenenans, and they formed an independent phylogenetic clustal of genus Burkholderia.Key words: P.cocovenenans subsp.farinofermentans,16S rDNA sequcence,phylogeny

树状图及不同菌种之间的同源性比值：椰酵假单胞菌(P.cocovenenans subsp.farinofermentans)与唐菖蒲伯克霍尔德氏菌、椰毒伯克霍尔德氏菌的亲缘关系非常近，与其它菌种的亲缘关系相对较远，椰酵假单胞菌、唐菖蒲伯克霍尔德氏菌和椰毒伯克霍尔德氏菌可归属于一个独立的系统发育系。

The Lyb genes were novel members of Y-box gene family containing a conserved cold-shock domain with two RNA binding motifs (RNP-1 and RNP-2). Moreover, phylogenetic analysis revealed that there was only one type of Y-box gene before the emergence of gnathostomata. By contrast, the Y-box gene were divided into three groups, YB1, YB2, and CSDA during evolution of jawed vertebrates.

此外， 从Swiss-Prot下载了经实验验证过的Y-box蛋白序列数据，结合实验克隆得到的Lyb基因所编码的氨基酸序列构建系统发育树，发现Y-box基因在有颌类出现以前只有一种类型，有颌类出现以后， Y-box基因分化成YB1、YB2和CSDA三种类型。

Codon partition schemes were compared in phylogenetic analyses at subfamily level for Gyrinidae and at family level for Hydradephaga based on partial mitochondrial COⅠ gene sequences.

利用PAUP和MrBayes软件，对线粒体COⅠ基因序列3个密码子位置的数据模块分别进行了豉甲科和水生肉食亚目在亚科或科水平上的系统发育学分析，结果表明第二密码子数据模块获得了理想的分析结果。

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。