系统发育

Genetic divergence and phylogenetic relationships among 6 leopard cat populations from 3 subspecies in China were analyzed through Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA and mitochondrial DNA sequencing methods.

本文通过随机扩增多态性DNA技术和线粒体DNA序列分析技术，对豹猫3个亚种6个群体64个个体进行了遗传多样性和系统发育分析。

The classification of species in Lepidoptera has been controversial and complicate.

目前针对鳞翅目的系统发育关系尚未形成统一的认识。

To further studied the phyligenetic relationships of lepidopteran insects,a larger number of insect orders and mitogenome are required.

因此关于鳞翅目的系统发育关系，有待于基于更多样本量的线粒体基因组数据进行深入探讨。

Entomologist and taxonomist paid much attention to the studies on the description of new species in past year. Less study on the phylogenetic of Apanteles Ferster was done. Many species of the genu are parasitods of small Lepidopteran pests. Most of them have more value in bio-Logical control.

绒茧蜂属Apanteles Foerster是茧蜂科Braconidae小腹茧蜂亚科Microgastrinae的一个重要的属，目前分类学家对绒茧蜂属ApanteJesFoerster的研究主要集中在新种的描述，而对其系统发育关系的研究还未见报道。

Analysis of the obtained genome amplification showed that DNA after PCR presented obvious polymorphism, and the results were the same using the same primer to amplify the larva and imago of the same species. It indicates that RAPD technique can be applied to the identification of dry samples and dipped larva sample of longicorn beetles as well as the research of phylogeny. These three methods for extracting genome DNA from different species of longicorn beetles at different preserved time are feasible.

对所获得的基因组扩增分析表明，经过PCR之后的DNA能呈现明显的多态性，同种天牛用同一引物扩增幼虫和成虫所获得的结果相同，可以认为，RAPD技术可以应用于天牛成虫干标本及幼虫浸渍标本的鉴定及系统发育研究中，也证明了这3种方法用于提取不同保存时间、不同种天牛基因组的DNA是切实可行的。

Paeoniaceae,a monomarphic family,has distinctive characters for its phylogeny in Angiosperm,such as:both of tapetum and microspore mother cell are homologous,and so are nucellus cell and macrospore mother cell;there are many macrospore mother cells.

芍药科Paeoniaceae为单属科，其系统发育具有一系列的独特性，在被子植物中是独一无二的。

Content: Pure cultivation of microbes and microtechnique, cell structure and function of microorganism, nutrition of microbes, metabolism of microbes, reproduction of microbes and its control, microorganic genetics and gene engineering, microbial ecology, evolution, phylogenesis, classification, microbial industry and products.

课程内容：微生物的纯培养与显微技术；微生物的细胞结构与功能；微生物营养；微生物代谢；微生物生长繁殖及控制；微生物遗传及基因工程；微生物的生态；微生物进化系统发育和分类鉴定；微生物物种多样性；微生物传染与免疫；微生物工业及产品。

Multiple sequence alignment and phylogenetic analysis are important study fields in bioinformatics.

多序列比对和系统发育分析是生物信息学的重要研究领域。

Accordingly, the more complete mitochondrial genome sequences of Orthoptera species are desirable to be sequenced and analyzed.

分析了它们线粒体基因组的基因和蛋白质组成、同义密码子差异、tRNA和rRNA结构等多层次信息，并联合GenBank收录的六足总纲全线粒体基因组数据对系统发育关系进行重建。

We determined the complete mitochondrial DNA sequence of Arcyptera coreana (Insecta: Orthoptera: Arcypteridae) and compare it with the other two orthopteran species, Locusta migratoria and Gryllotalpa orientalis.

本文测定和分析了隆额网翅蝗线粒体全序列，并且将其于已经测出全基因组的2种其他直翅目昆虫的mtDNA进行了比较，并联合其他直翅类昆虫的mtDNA进行了线粒体全基因组水平的系统发育分析。获得的主要结果如下： 1。

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。