系统发生

In this paper, the line blocking situation, the exchange of optimal power flow analysis of the circuit system, each node under congestion pricing, as well as trends such as changes in the slip road was completed in the Matlab environment to the IEEE14 bus system route blockage occurs in case of simulation and data analysis and achieved good results.

本文针对线路的阻塞情况，用交流最优潮流分析了线路阻塞情况下系统各节点电价以及支路潮流等变化，完成了在Matlab环境下对IEEE14节点系统发生线路阻塞情况下的仿真和数据分析，取得了较好的效果。

Using coupling model M4RC3 and improved MM4, a dust storm and a snow storm were simulated respectively. The effects of radiation parameterization and microphysics parameterization on development of dust storm and snow storm mesoscale system were discussed. Dynamical and thermodynamical diagnoses were also carried out to study the developing mechanism on the systems.

用耦合模式M4RC3和引入三相云显式降水方案后改进和发展的中尺度模式MM4分别对西北地区黑风暴和暴雪进行了数值模拟，讨论了模式中辐射参数化和微物理过程参数化对与黑风暴和暴雪相伴的中尺度系统演变的影响，并对这些系统发生、发展的机制进行了动力学和热力学诊断。

As a result ,the system needs the supernal reliability ,on condition that the system going wrong must get right in a short time.

因而要求系统必须具有高的可靠性，如果系统发生故障也须在短时间内使其恢复正常。

This is the web page of Plant Systematics: A Phylogenetic Approach.

这是植物系统分类法：系统发生学方法的网页。

The monophyly of Colelmbola is widely accepted. However, the controversies about the system and the phylogeny of it are existent between different taxonomists. Questions such as whether the Collembola aquatic and which relationships between the different groups in Collembola are argued, too.

跳虫的单系性已经被广泛接受，但是不同的分类学家对跳虫的分类系统和系统发生持有不同的看法，对于跳虫的水生还是陆生的起源，跳虫内部各个类群之间的亲缘关系等问题，一直具有争议。

The earliest phylogenetic system is generally reckoned to be that of Martius'former assistant , A.w.

最早的系统发生分类系统，大概要数Martius的前助手A.W。

Pteridophytes have a longer evolutionary history and have endured greater losses of phylogenetical information than spermatophytes. Therefore, reconstructing the evolutionary history of pteridophytes has been a challenge to systematists.

蕨类植物是一群非常古老的植物，在其漫长的演化历史中丢失了大量的系统发生信息，因此重建其系统演化关系是蕨类植物学家所面临的重要任务之一。

Taxonomic Study on the Butterfly Subfamily Coliadinae (Lepidoptera: Pieridae) from China;2. Mitochondrial gene fragments of COⅠ and Cyt b of 24 species in the subfamily Pierinae and Coliadinaewere amplified and sequenced.

测定了粉蝶科的粉蝶亚科和黄粉蝶亚科14属共24种线粒体COⅠ和Cyt b基因部分序列，并从GenBank中下载了2种粉蝶的同源序列，以眼蝶科的2个物种为外类群，运用NJ法、贝叶斯法分别重建了分子系统树，探讨了它们的系统发生关系。

Mitochondrial gene fragments of COⅠ and Cyt b of 24 species in the subfamily Pierinae and Coliadinae were amplified and sequenced. Combing these with the homologous sequences of 2 species from GenBank and using 2 species of the Satyridae as the outgroups, the molecular phylogenetic trees of these groups were reconstructed with neighbor-joining and bayesian inference methods.

测定了粉蝶科的粉蝶亚科和黄粉蝶亚科14属共24种线粒体COⅠ和Cyt b基因部分序列，并从GenBank中下载了2种粉蝶的同源序列，以眼蝶科的2个物种为外类群，运用NJ法、贝叶斯法分别重建了分子系统树，探讨了它们的系统发生关系。

The result was consistent with morphology of Pleuronectiformes on the whole.In the topology founded,Scophthalmus maximus and Solea senegalensis formed an independent branch each other and showed far relationship with species of Bothidae and Pleuronectidae,the phylogenic position of Solea senegalensis is accorded with the reported result of analysis made by mitochondrial genome.

运用PAUP软件对15种鲽形目鱼类与另外7种不同种属鱼类进行了分子系统进化树分析，结果与根据传统的形态学和生化特征分类进化地位基本一致，在15种鲽形目鱼类中只有大菱鲆和塞内加尔鳎各自单独形成一个分支且与鲆科和鲽科鱼类相距较远，其中塞内加尔鳎等种类的分类地位与根据线粒体DNA序列分析的系统发生模式基本吻合。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。