系统发生

Exploration of the macro-management in agricultural risk:(1) Discern and define risk patterns and risk system with open complex giant system theory, then summarize four major risk systematic patterns: Namely systematic levels of risk distribution, risk convergent sport, risk transmit sport and risk scatteration.

农业风险宏观管理的探索：（1）用开放的复杂巨系统理论来定义风险系统和识别风险运动规律，总结概括出了风险系统运动的四大规律：即风险分布的系统层次性、风险发生发展过程的汇聚规律、风险运动的系统传递规律和风险系统中的风险扩散规律。

So called reservoir is physical or mathematical; for a physical system, the mathematical model is a system of partial differential equations with related initial and boundary value conditions, it can describe important physical process occurring in the system, for example, the process occurring in reservoir, which mainly concludes flow of fluids and transportation of mass, gravity、 viscosity、compressibility have effect to it; differential equations describing this process are obtained by combining Darcy law of every phase and its mass equilibrium in differential form.

这种模型是物理的或数学的；一个物理系统的数学模型，是偏微分方程组和适当的一组初、边值条件的总体，它能够描述在系统中发生的重要的物理过程，比如在油藏中发生的过程，主要是流体的流动和质量的转移，重力、粘滞力、压缩性等在流体流动过程中都是起作用的；描述这个过程的微分方程是由将各相达西定律和各该相的微分形式的物质守恒相结合而得到的。

And this causes a frequency change Δf. The resonant point tracing algorithm describes how to detect Δf. So it can introduce a feedback frequencydifference -Δf through a closed loop to realize the resonant state o In the digitaldetection scenario, using staircase wave to replace saw tooth wave, it can overcome a lot of shortcomings in the analog system. The character of the staircase wave affects the detection precision directly. This thesis analyzes a high precision scenario producing a staircase waveform in detail. It can reduce the number of the bits in D/A converter greatly. This thesis proposes another method to improve the detection precision in case that the A/D converter has comparatively little number of bits, while this method will not increase the cost of the system greatly.

在谐振式光纤陀螺中，环形谐振腔的旋转使得谐振腔的谐振频率发生了变化，从而产生了一个与旋转速度成正比的频率变化值△f，谐振点跟踪算法描述了如何检测出△f，从而可以通过闭环在系统中引入反馈频差-△f，实现光路的谐振状态；在数字闭环检测方案中，用阶梯波作为反馈信号来代替锯齿波，可以克服原来模拟系统中锯齿波的很多缺点，阶梯波的性能直接影响着系统的测量精度，本论文详细分析了一种高精度阶梯波生成方案，使得所需D／A的位数大大降低；本文还分析了A／D转换器对系统测量精度的影响，提出了一种A／D转换器位数较少的情况下提高系统测量精度的措施，同时又不会增加太多的系统成本。

Because there is only one working solution storage tank used in the energy transformation and storage system, the mass of solution in the tank changes continuously during energy charging or discharging process, which makes the operation parameters of the system change.

由于在蓄能系统中仅用一个溶液储罐，在储罐充、释能过程中溶液的质量不断发生变化而使系统运行的工作参数发生变化。

The low-permeability rocks and micrite for modeling the crust of the overpressure system were broken under the action of overpressure fluid,while the sandstone for modeling the uncompacted belt of overpressure system was not broken.

在实验过程中，模拟超压系统&壳&的低渗透岩石—泥晶灰岩发生了破裂，而模拟超压系统&欠压实带&的高渗透砂岩却未发生破裂。

The lower permeability rocks-micrite and muddy siltstone which modeled the "crust" of overpressure system have been broken by overpressure fluid, while the sandstone modeled the "uncompacted belt" of overpressure system have been not broken.

在实验过程中，模拟超压系统&壳&的低渗透岩石—泥晶灰岩发生了破裂，而模拟超压系统&欠压实带&的高渗透砂岩却未发生破裂。

To prevent such an outbreak from happening, it is imperative that administrators refrain from logging onto a suspect machine using their own accounts. Logging on using the workstation's local administrator account can also have the same effect; most corporate workstations are ghosted from the same image and could have the same local admin account and password.

要防止此类病毒爆发事件的发生，紧急的办法是不要实用管理员自己的用户名和密码登陆系统，用工作站的本地管理员用户一样也会有此类事件发生，很多的工作站的系统都是通过同一个镜像文件并利用ghost方式进行的安装，因此用户名和密码相同也是肯定的

The mechanism of instability wrinkling in the process based on minimum energy principle is revealed, uniform mathematic description of the wrinkling wave on the strip of in-plane bending is established, the internal and external energy is deduced by energy method, and a uniform criteria of internal and external wrinkling is established; then how to combine the criteria with the FEM simulation system to make the numerical prediction of wrinkling into reality is also resolved in the paper. The effects of the forming parameters on the deforming result are analyzed by the uniform predict criteria. The results show as follows: as the compress width increase, external wrinkling first come into being, then internal winkling do, and finally in-plane bend occur; the loading wedge angle increase, internal winkling first come into being, thenin-plane bend do, and finally external wrinkling occur; in-plane bend is possible to occur with a increase of the strain-hardening exponent and the strength coefficient; and the effect of the friction factor may be ignored.

2揭示了板带不均匀压下面内弯曲成形过程基于能量原理的失稳起皱机理，提出了统一的描述内外缘起皱波形的函数，采用变分法推导了服从该波形函数的内外缘起皱能，建立了统一的起皱预测准则；将新建立的统一的起皱预测准则引入到数值模拟系统IBS中，数值预测结果与实验结果的吻合较好；分析了成形过程各参数对起皱的影响规律：随着接触变形区宽度的逐渐增大，先是发生外缘起皱，然后发生内缘起皱，进而才出现稳定成形；随着实际加载楔角的增大，先是发生内缘起皱，然后发生稳定成形，进而出现外缘起皱；硬化指数和强化系数增大，易于稳定成形；摩擦因子对起皱的影响不明显；而且接触变形区宽度对起皱的影响最大。

The paper mostly studies the super-high pressure abrasive water jet technology in following several aspect:At first, the structure of water jet beam as well as its characteristic and mechanism in cutting different kinds of material were discussed.

本文主要从以下几个方面对超高压水射流进行了研究：高压水射流与超高压磨料水射流的射流结构与形成原理；切割不同性能材料的切割机理；切割系统的控制；超高压水的发生原理及发生装置；在此基础上又通过基础实验与应用实验总结出切割不同材料过程中，切口形状的变化、影响切割表面的质量的各种因素及改善切割表面质的的措施；并对实验所用系统的计算机辅助设计过程与M软件的使用进行了介绍。

Secondly, in spite of the reliability of software and control system, the mechanical system reliability of automatic yarn evenness tester is researched using FTA, and fault trees of each unit and system are established by analyzing its structure and function. According to system reliability theory and events probability, the mechanical system fault tree is analyzed by means of qualitative analysis and quantitative calculation, the system weak parts are found , and the ways are put forward to improve the mechanical system reliability.

其次，在不考虑软件及控制系统可靠性的情况下，利用故障树分析的方法，对全自动条干仪机械系统可靠性进行了分析研究，通过对其结构、功能的分析，建立了单个单元的故障树和系统的故障树；并根据系统可靠性的原理和事件发生的概率，进行了定性分析和定量计算，找出了系统的薄弱环节，提出了提高机械系统可靠性的途径。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。