糖酸

In batch cultures, glucose, xylose and arabinose in cornhusk dilute acid hydrolysate after detoxification were consumed by Actinobacillus succinogenes NJ113, when the total sugar concentration was 50 g/L in medium, the final succinic acid concentration of 34.2 g/L was obtained, resulting in a succinic acid yield of 0.68 g/g and a succinic acid productivity of 0.83 g/. When the total sugar concentration was 68.2 g/L in medium, the succinic acid concentration was 42.3g/L, the yield was 0.62g/g, and productivity was 0.98 g/.

经过脱毒处理后，产琥珀酸放线杆菌 NJ113均能利用水解液中的葡萄糖、木糖、阿拉伯糖，培养基总糖浓度为50 g/L时，丁二酸分批发酵的质量收率可达0.68 g/g，浓度可达34.2 g/L，生产强度达0.83 g/，总糖浓度为68.2 g/L时，丁二酸质量收率仍可达0.62 g/g，浓度42.3 g/L，生产强度0.98 g/。

These two isolates presented typical characteristics of Streptococcus iniae with gram-positive cocci in chains, catalase negative and beta-hemolytic, growth under 10℃ and non-growth up 45 ℃, hydrolyzation of esculin and arginine, Voges-Proskauer, urease, and hippurate tests negative, fermentation of glucose, salicin, sucrose and starch, non-fermentation of arabinose, inulin, lactose, melibiose, raffinose and sorbitol.

实验结果表明，两菌株具有典型的海豚链球菌特性：在显微镜下为球形细胞，呈长短不一的链状排列，革兰氏染色阳性：在血琼脂平板上显示β溶血；1O℃生长，45℃不生长；接触酶阴性；水解七叶苷、精氨酸，VP试验、脲酶和马脲酸试验阴性；发酵葡萄糖、水杨苷、蔗糖和淀粉，不发酵阿拉伯糖、菊糖、乳糖、蜜二糖、棉子糖和山梨醇等。

Saponin composition of common sugar glucose, galactose, rhamnose, arabinose, xylose and glucuronic acid, galacturonic acid, etc., are often associated with C3 Sapogenins-OH-bit connection into effect.

组成皂甙的糖常见的有葡萄糖、半乳糖、鼠李糖、阿拉伯糖、木糖及葡萄糖醛酸、半乳糖醛酸等，常与皂甙元C3位的-OH连接成甙。

Based on the above-mentioned, two kinds of target glycoclusters with different glycoterminus, flexible linkers and different scaffolds were designed, disaccharide glycocluster (including TM1-TM7) and trisaccharide glycocluster (TM8-TM9) respectively, with the purpose of obtaining glycoclusters with high binding affinity to anti-Gal antibody and thus better inhibiting the HAR.

基于上述，针对HAR产生的机制，以人体中天然存在的anti-α-Gal抗体及B细胞表面的相应受体为靶点，以α-Gal抗原末端的二糖Galα1→3Gal和三糖Galα1→3Galβ1-4GluNAc片段为糖基部分，采用柔性的连接臂（氨基保护的2-乙醇胺和3-巯基丙酸）和刚性的芳香骨架及柔性的脂肪链骨架，设计了两类结构新颖的糖簇分子：即氧苷和硫苷键连接的二糖糖簇TM1-TM7）和三糖糖簇（TM8-TM9），目的在于寻找与anti-Gal抗体及B细胞相应受体有较高结合力的糖簇分子，以便有效地抑制HAR反应的发生。

Results showed that the magnitude on grey correlation degree between various agronomic characters and yield per plant was plant spread, plant height, fruit length, fruits per plant, weight per fruit, the first flower node, fruit width and branches per plant. The magnitude on grey correlation degree between various biochemical matter contents in flower buds and agronomic characters was soluble sugar, soluble protein, POD activity, ABA , IAA, free proline and ZRs. The order in leaves was soluble sugar, POD activity, free proline, ABA , IAA, ZRs and soluble protein.

结果表明，农艺性状与单株产量间关联度的大小顺序依次为株幅、株高、果长、结果数、单果质量、第一花节位、果宽和侧枝数，花蕾中生化物质含量与农艺性状间总体关联度的大小顺序依次为可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白质、过氧化物酶活性、脱落酸、生长素、游离脯氨酸和玉米素，叶片中生化物质含量与农艺性状间总体关联度的大小顺序依次为可溶性糖、过氧化物酶活性、游离脯氨酸、脱落酸、生长素、玉米素和可溶性蛋白质。

Spraying with chitosan of different concentration significantly increased the content of chlorophyll ,anthoxanthin ,chlorogentic acid, polyphenal ,soluble protein and total soluble sugar of Broccoli flowers. 40 mg L-l chitosan showed the most remarkable effet,compared to control, the content of chlorophyll ,anthoxanthin ,chlorogentic acid, total soluble sugar and soluble protein of treated Broccoli flowers increased by 64.4%,282.5%,35.6%,16.2% 22.7% respectively.PAL and PPO are key enzymes in synthesize of phenolics.No relation was found between phenolics synthesize and PAL activity in Broccoli flowers,but it showed positive relation between phenolics synthesize and PPO activity.

研究表明，本研究中，不同浓度几丁聚糖喷施对青花菜花球的叶绿素、类黄酮、绿原酸、多酚总量、可溶性蛋白及可溶性总糖的含浙江大学硕卜学位论文(2004)量有显著增加，其中以浓度为40mgL一'影响最为显著，花球中的叶绿素、类黄酮、绿原酸、可溶性总糖、可溶性蛋白分别较对照提高64.4%、282.5%、35.6%、 16.2%、22.7%，苯丙氨酸解氨酶、多酚氧化酶是酚类物质合成中关键酶，花球内酚类物质合成与苯丙氨酸解氨酶的活性没有一定的相关性，而与多酚氧化酶的活性呈正相关。

The molar ratio of sulfate ions to carboxylate ions is determined by conductometric titration method and the molecular weight is tested by high performance gel permeation chromatography. The precision of these two methods is also studied. To improve the detection sensitivity, guanidine hydrochloride is used as the best derivation reagent of 911. A systematic research is done on the optimum derivatization condition of 911 and Guanidine hydrochloride. The M /G ratio of 911 has direct relation to its biological activity.

论文首先对911的基本理化性质进行了系统的分析，以电导滴定法和高效凝胶渗透色谱法分别测定了分子中硫酸根羧酸根的比值和911的分子量，并探讨了两种分析方法的精密度。911分子没有紫外吸收，为提高检测灵敏度，本文采用荧光标记法，通过对三种荧光试剂与几种寡糖和多糖衍生效果的综合比较，最终确定了盐酸胍为最佳衍生试剂，并以911为代表详细探讨了衍生化反应的最优条件。911糖链结构与褐藻胶主链结构类似，以甘露糖醛酸和古罗糖醛酸的嵌段形式存在，分子中M/G比值与911的物理化学性质和生物活性有直接关系。

Water, C12-20 acid PEG-8 ester, hydrogenated polysobutene, petrolatum, dicaprylyl maleate, hydrogenated vegetable oil, propylene glycol, acetylated lancolin, glycoprrotiens,panax ginseng root extract,equisetum arvense extract, carbomer, butyrospermum parkill fruit, potassium cetyl phosphate, triethanolamine, hypericum perforatum extract, malva sylvestris extract, methylparaben, glycerin, urea, saccharide hydrolysate, magnesium aspartate, glycine, alanine, creatine, propylparaben, ethlparaben, imidazolidinyl urea, polyperfluoromethylisopropyl ether, fragrance

水，C12-20 酸 PEG-8酯，氢化聚异丁烯，凡士林，马来酸二辛酯，氢化植物油，丙二醇，乙醯化羊毛脂，糖蛋白，人参根萃取，问荆萃取，卡波姆，乳木果，鲸蜡醇磷酸酯钾，三乙醇胺，金丝桃萃取，锦葵萃取，羟苯甲酯，甘油，尿素，水解糖，天门冬酸镁，甘氨酸，丙氨酸，肌酸，羟苯丙酯，羟苯乙酯，尿素醛，聚全氟甲基异丙基醚，香料

Results: The mutual interference was existed between neutral sugar and uronic acid, however, this method can yield the actual contents by the way of eliminating interference.

结果：在测定糖含量时糖醛酸和中性糖相互干扰，而本方法可以消除干扰，得出糖醛酸和中性糖的真实含量。

Most sugars, organic acids, phenolic acids and most amino acids increased significantly with elevated CO_2. The treatment, 950±50μmol·mol-1 CO_2 enrichment for 6 h every day had more obvious effects than the treatment, 950±50μmol·mol-1 CO_2 enrichment for 3 h every day. Levan, sucrose, arginine, oxalic acid, alanine, malic acid, acetic acid, lactic acid cinnamic acid,ρ- hydroxybenzoic acid and benzoic acid increased significantly.

CO_2施肥黄瓜根系分泌有机酸、氨基酸、糖和酚酸的总量增加，上、下午均施肥的处理分泌数量最多；CO_2施肥显著促进了果聚糖、蔗糖、草酸、苹果酸、乙酸、乳酸、多数氨基酸、肉桂酸、对羟基苯甲酸和苯甲酸等组分的分泌；单位鲜重根系分泌糖和酚酸的数量增加，多数氨基酸保持不变或降低，但有机酸分泌规律不一致。

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Yang yinshu、Wang xiangsheng、Li decang,The first discovery of haemaphysalis conicinna.

1〕 杨银书，王祥生，李德昌。安徽省首次发现嗜群血蜱。