糖酮

The origin, chemical structure, physiological function and sweetness response of 8 kinds of functional sweetening agents including L-sugar, erythritol, and dihydrochalcone etc. were introduced briefly in this paper and their utilization in food industry, in medicine and sanitation etc. were also illustrated.

简要介绍了L-糖、异麦芽酮糖、赤藓糖醇、二氢查尔酮、阿力甜、索马甜、三氯蔗糖、人工合成甜味剂8种功能性甜味剂来源、化学结构、生理功能、甜味特性及在食品、医药卫生等方面的重要应用。

Sugar alcohols such as mannitol, sorbitol, xylitol, erythritol, lactitol, maltitol, isomaltitol are applied in confectionery products, chewing gums, and mixed juices. In this research, capillary zone electrophoresis was used to build up a basic analysis model to simultaneously analyze sugar alcohols.

糖醇的种类可分为单糖醇与双糖醇，主要应用的单糖醇有甘露糖醇、山梨糖醇、木糖醇、丁四醇，而双糖醇则有乳糖醇、麦芽糖醇和异麦芽酮糖醇(isomaltitol，又称为巴糖醇，palatinitol)等。

Thus, an aldohexose is a hexose that has an aldehyde group; a ketopentose is a pentose with a ketone group, etc.

因此，己醛糖是带有醛基的己糖；戊酮糖是带有酮基的戊糖，以此类推。

However, the first one enzyme 1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate synthase gene and the second one enzyme 1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate reductoisomerase gene in MEP pathway had been reported and expressed in the latex of rubber tree, indicating that MEP pathway may be involved in rubber biosynthesis.4 - hydroxy -3 - methyl -2 -- butenyl -4 - phosphate reductaseis the last enzyme that catalytic 4 - hydroxy -3 - methyl -(2E)- butenyl -4 - phosphate to generate isopentenyl pyrophosphate.

然而已有报道MEP途径中第1个酶1-脱氧-D-木酮糖-5-磷酸合成酶（1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate synthase，DXS）基因和第2个酶1-脱氧-D-木酮糖-5-磷酸还原酶（1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate reductoisomerase ，DXR）基因在橡胶树胶乳中的表达，这表明MEP途径可能参与橡胶的生物合成。4-羟基-3-甲基-2--丁烯基-4-磷酸还原酶（4-hydroxy -3-methyl-2--butenyl-4-diphosphate reductase，HDR）是异戊烯基焦磷酸合成途径之一甲基赤藓糖磷酸（methylerythritol phosphate，MEP）途径中的最后一个酶，催化4-羟基-3-甲基-(2E)-丁烯基-4-磷酸生成异戊烯基焦磷酸。

For D-fructose functionalized BOPP, three parameters including irradiation time, cerous concentration and hydrogen ion concentration all have positive effect on monosaccharide immobilization.

水接触角数据也揭示了酮糖和醛糖在改性效果方面的差异，酮糖改性的BOPP膜的表面水接触角在47°左右，而醛糖改性的BOPP膜的表面水接触角为60°。

RESULTS:Six flavonoids 6-C-glycopyranosyl-8-C-glycopyranosyl apigenin(1),6-C-arabinosyl-8-C-glycopyranosyl apigenin(2),6-C-glycopyranosyl-8-C-arabinosyl apigenin(3),6-C-glycopyranosyl-8-C-xyloeyl apigenin(4),6-C-glycopyranosyl luteolin(5),luteolin(6),one chromone isobiflorin(7),and one lignanoid-isolariciresinol(8),were isolated from the n-BuOH fraction of this plant,respectively.

结果：从毛鸡骨草地上部分的正丁醇部位分离并鉴定了8个化合物，黄酮类化合物：芹菜素-6-C-葡萄糖-8-C-葡萄糖苷（1），芹菜素-6-C-阿拉伯糖-8-C-葡萄糖苷（2），芹菜素-6-C-葡萄糖-8-C-阿拉伯糖苷（3），芹菜素-6-C-葡萄糖-8-C-木糖苷（4），木犀草素-6-C-葡萄糖苷（5），木犀草素（6）；色原酮类化合物：异双花母草素（7）；木脂素类化合物：-异落叶松树脂醇（8）。

Reduction of aldoses or ketoses yield sugar alcohols ,properly called 'alditols," hoch2-n-ch2oh.the suffix "-itol is applied to the trivial prefixes to denote different alditols; e.g., d-glucitol, d-manniitol, xylitol.

醛糖或酮糖被还原后变产生糖醇，确实的叫法为&多羟糖醇&，hoch2-n-ch2oh。其后缀&-itol&接在俗名前缀之后表示不同的多羟糖醇，例如d-葡糖醇、d-甘露糖醇、木糖醇。

Reduction of aldoses or ketoses yield sugar alcohols ,properly called 'alditols," HOCH2-n-CH2OH.the suffix "-itol is a lied to the trivial prefixes to denote different alditols; e.g., D-glucitol, D-ma iitol, xylitol.

醛糖或酮糖被还原后变产生糖醇，确实的叫法为&多羟糖醇&，HOCH2-n-CH2OH。其后缀&-itol&接在俗名前缀之后表示不同的多羟糖醇，例如D-葡糖醇、D-甘露糖醇、木糖醇。

The simple sugars （monosaccharides0 are basically aliphatic polyhydroxy aldehydes and ketones: HOCH2- n-CHO and HOCH2- n-1-C-O-Ch2OH, called "aldoses" and "ketoses," re ectively.

单糖本质上是脂族的多羟基醛和酮，即HOCH2-2-CHO和HOCH2-n-1-C：O-CH2OH，分别称为醛糖和酮糖。

He analysis of the category and function of TCB stress inducible proteins showed that different groups of proteins were induced by 5 mg L^(-1) TCB stress. They are detoxification enzymes (including esterase, aldo/keto reductases, and glutathione S-transferase), cell wall compound metabolism related enzymes (including UDP-glucose protein transglucosylase and GDP-mannose 3,5-epimerase 1), phytohormone metabolism and regulation related enzymes or proteins (including aci-reductone dioxygenase 4, beta-glucosidase, two members of pathogenesis-related proteins from family 10), primary and secondary metabolism regulative enzymes (including translational elongation factor Tu, cytosolic orthophosphate dikinase, triosephosphate isomerases, alanine aminotransferase, and isoflavone reductase).

CB胁迫能诱导根系内不同类型蛋白质的表达，它们是：解毒酶（包括脂酶、醛／酮还原酶、谷胱甘肽－硫转移酶），细胞壁物质代谢相关酶（包括蛋白转葡萄糖基酶、GDP-甘露糖－3，5-异构酶1），激素代谢或调节相关酶（包括酸式－还原酮二加氧酶、β-葡萄糖苷酶、病程相关蛋白家族10中的2个不同蛋白），原初或次生代谢相关酶（包括转录延长因子、细胞质磷酸丙酮酸双激酶、磷酸丙糖异构酶、丙氨酸氨基转移酶和异黄酮还原酶）。

This one mode pays close attention to network credence foundation of the businessman very much.

这一模式非常关注商人的网络信用基础。

Cell morphology of bacterial ghost of Pasteurella multocida was observed by scanning electron microscopy and inactivation ratio was estimated by CFU analysi.

扫描电镜观察多杀性巴氏杆菌细菌幽灵和菌落形成单位评价遗传灭活率。