糖质

To enhance the efficiency of cellulose bio-degradation and reduce the mass transfer resistance from cellulose consequently increase the extraction rate of diosgenin, glucose was separated andβ-glycosidase was added in to decompose cellobiose in the biocatalysis pretreatment.

为了提高纤维素酶的作用效率，降低薯蓣皂苷元提取过程中纤维素带来的传质阻力，从而提高薯蓣皂苷元产率，在酶解的预处理过程中对糖液进行分离并添加β-葡萄糖苷酶分解体系中的纤维二糖。

The HPLC methods for analysis of N--ribitylxylidine and N-methyl glucamine were established. After optimizing the operation conditions, the principal product and main impurities were well separated. And they were determined by LC-MS. The operation condition of N--ribitylxylidine is, columniation temperature is 30℃, flow rate is 0.7mL/min, UV wave is 244nm, the mobile phase is methanol: water=40: 60 .

首次建立了对葡甲胺和核糖胺的高效液相色谱分析方法，通过对色谱操作条件的优化，成功分离了主产物和杂质，在此条件下，应用液相色谱-质谱联用仪对糖基胺及生成杂质进行了指派定性，并测定了两种糖基胺及其主要杂质的含量，获得了满意的结果。

The results were showed as following: The growth of fruit size appeared to be a markeddouble- peak curve and was affected by the rainfall, Thedifferences in endosarc were decided by changes of citric acid and soluble sugar content which showed opposite variety.

结果表明：果实纵横径生长动态均呈双高峰曲线，且与降雨量密切相关，内质的差异主要体现在柠檬酸和可溶性糖的变化上，菲诺的柠檬酸含量一直上升，而尤力克的柠檬酸含量在采前有下降趋势。菲诺的可溶性糖积累逐渐增多，而尤力克不断下降。

ConclusionA highiron animal model can be established by intraperitoneal injection of iron dextran. The changes of various parameters result in damage to the organs, it is possible that the ferri ions were released through metabolism of iron dextran and freeion mediates lipid peroxidation to cause the damage.

给小鼠腹腔注射右旋糖酐铁，可以成功建立高铁动物模型，其各项指标有明显变化并对各脏器造成损害，其机制可能与右旋糖酐铁在体内代谢释放出铁离子，游离的铁离子介导脂质过氧化而造成的损害等有关。

ConclusionA highiron animal model can be established by intraperitoneal injection of iron dextran. The changes of various parameters result in damage to the organs, it is possible that the ferri ions were released through metabolism of iron dextran and freeion mediates lipid peroxidation to cause the damage.［KEY WORDS］IronDextran complex; Models, animal; Lipid peroxidation

给小鼠腹腔注射右旋糖酐铁，可以成功建立高铁动物模型，其各项指标有明显变化并对各脏器造成损害，其机制可能与右旋糖酐铁在体内代谢释放出铁离子，游离的铁离子介导脂质过氧化而造成的损害等有关。

G. biomimetic modification of biomaterials surface for improving cells affinity, carbohydrate cluster, glycolipid and protein modifying biomaterials surface in order to enhance cells specificity recognition, self2assembly of materials to modify surface topography1

基于生物材料对细胞生长的影响，本文提出了生物材料表面生物仿生化以提高细胞亲和力，糖链团簇、糖脂质及材料表面蛋白质修饰以提高细胞特异性识别，材料表面的自组装修饰以改善表面形态等观点。

This kinds of compounds were confirmed by their ~1H-NMR,~(13)C-NMR and mass spectrum.

所得的一系列新的烷基呋喃脱氧戊糖苷经过核磁共振氢谱、碳谱及质谱分析后确定了这些新的糖苷衍生物。

The super tea candy is 100% xylitol of matrix , so the product tastes very good.

技术特点是：1、以木糖醇为基质的硬糖。

The development and application of matrix assisted laser desorption ionization time of flight mass spectrometry to the analysis of carbohydrates and their conjugates were reviewed.

综述了基质辅助激光解吸电离-飞行时间质谱(MALDI-TOF-MS)的发展、在糖类化合物结构研究时常选用的基质，以及在不同类型糖化合物分析中的应用。

The PCR products were examined by agarose gel electrophoresis. The target gene fragments were purified by gel extraction kit and ligated to cloning vector pMD18-T. The recombinant vectors were transformed into host strain E. coli K802 by lithium chloride method, screened and identified with PCR and restrictive enzymatic digestion. Their sequences were confirmed by DNA sequencing.(2) sTWEAK1 gene was subcloned into expression vector pProEx HTb and transformed into E. coli BL21. sTWEAK2 gene was subcloned into expression vector pMAL-C2x and transformed into E. coli TB1. The recombinant vectors were screened and identified with PCR and restrictive enzymatic digestion. The recombinant fusion proteins were induced to express with IPTG, detected by coomassie brilliant blue-stained SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis , and confirmed by Western blot analysis.(3) The sTWEAK1 fusion protein was purified with Ni-NTA Spin Kit.(4) The biological activity was assayed on transformed and tumor cells by microplate photometer after crystal violet or sulfur rodamine B staining.(5) The contents of IL-8 in the supernatant of 1990 cell cultures were determined by ELISA.(6) The morphological changes of the sensitive cells were observed by light and transmission electron microscopies.(7) The cell cycle and apoptotic rate were assayed by flow cytometry in 1990 and M85 cells.(8) The effect of fusion proteins on induction of NF-κB in 1990 and LOVO cells was detected with Dual-Luciferase Reporter Assay system.(9) The TWEAK gene was subcloned into Adeno-X Viral DNA with pShuttle vector and transfected into HEK293 cells by lipofectamine method.

(1)本研究用RT-PCR方法，从人组织细胞总RNA中扩增可溶性TWEAK胞外区（sTWEAK1和sTWEAK2）的cDNA序列及全长编码序列，用琼脂糖凝胶电泳分析PCR产物，胶回收目的基因片段，连接到pMD18-T克隆载体中，转化大肠杆菌K802，PCR和酶切筛选阳性克隆，全自动DNA测序验证序列；(2)sTWEAK1和sTWEAK2分别亚克隆到pProEx HTb和pMAL-C2x表达载体中，分别转化大肠杆菌BL21和TB1，PCR筛选和酶切鉴定，阳性克隆用IPTG诱导表达，表达产物用SDS-PAGE分析和Western blot验证融合蛋白；(3)用NTA-Ni Spin试剂盒初步分离纯化sTWEAK1融合蛋白；(4)用体外培养的肿瘤细胞和正常对表达产物进行活性检测，贴壁细胞用结晶紫染色法，悬浮细胞用磺酰罗丹明B染色法，酶标仪检测OD值；(5)敏感细胞用ELISA法检测细胞培养上清中IL-8的含量；(6)用光镜和电镜观察敏感细胞死亡和细胞凋亡情况；(7)用流式细胞仪分析表达产物对敏感细胞凋亡率和细胞周期的影响；(8)用双荧光素酶报告基因检测法，测定表达产物对敏感细胞NF-κB的影响；(9)用pShuttle穿梭质粒将TWEAK重组到腺病毒载体上，用脂质体转染法转染HEK293细胞，PCR鉴定重组质粒。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。