糖苷的

Glycosides of arabinose distribute widely in nature and most of them is biologically active.

阿拉伯糖苷类化合物广泛存在于自然界中，是许多药物的有效成分，具有生物活性，如盾叶鬼臼素A，具有强烈的抗肿瘤活性，阿拉伯糖氧苷是阿拉伯呋喃糖酶的重要底物。

N-Substituted chemical modification of valiolamine ,as well as the inhibitory activity of these compounds against porcine and rat intestinal maltase and surase are discussed in detail.

井冈霉醇胺、井冈霉胺和井冈胺等假氨基糖类物质是新型的α糖苷酶抑制剂，对其进行化学修饰可以得到糖苷酶抑制活性更强的N 取代假氨基糖衍生物。

Nine new compounds were characterized, and they were: opuntioside Ⅰ(11), 4-ethoxyl-6-hydroxymethyl-α-pyrone (14),--ester (22), 1-butoxyl--malate (24), ethyl α-L-rhamnopyranoside (26), opuntioside Ⅱ(34), kaempferol 7-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl (1→4)-β-D-glucopyranoside (46), methyl α-D-glucopyranoside-6-(methyl 4-malate)-ester (47), and opuntioside Ⅲ(48). Opuntioside Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ and 4-ethoxyl-6-hydroxymethyl-α-pyrone belong to the skelecton of α-pyrone.

新化合物分别是：仙人掌苷Ⅰ（11），4-乙氧基-6-羟甲基-α-吡喃酮（14），琥珀酸乙酯--酯（22），L--苹果酸-1-丁酯（24），乙基α-L-吡喃鼠李糖苷（26），仙人掌苷Ⅱ（34），山奈酚7-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基（1→4）-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷（46），α-D-吡喃葡萄糖甲苷-6-（苹果酸-4-甲酯）-酯（47），仙人掌苷Ⅲ（48），其中仙人掌苷Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ及4-乙氧基-6-羟甲基-α-吡喃酮均为α-吡喃酮骨架类型的新化合物。

AVI may be protein matrix and it possesses neither a membrane boundary nor an internal structure,its formation is the result of the anthocyanins transported into the vacuole bind with a protein matrix. In vacuole, AVI is irregular and jelly-like in shape. In AVIs, the attachment of anthocyanins to the matrix protein is likely to be via H-bonds to a sterically restricted site. AVI is suggested to act as vacuolar anthocyanin "trap", preferentially for anthocyanidin 3, 5-diglycosides or acylted anthocyanins. The emergence of AVI can enhance color intensity and results in the "blueness" of color in the vacuole.

花色苷液泡包涵体可能具备蛋白质基质，既无膜包裹又无内部结构，其形成是转运进液泡的花色苷与蛋白质基质结合的结果；液泡里的花色苷液泡包涵体形状不规则，象果冻；在花色苷液泡包涵体中，花色苷可能通过氢键连接于蛋白质基质的一个有限空间位点；花色苷液泡包涵体被认为是液泡中花色苷的&陷阱&，优先摄取花色素3，5-二糖苷或酰化的花色苷；花色苷液泡包涵体的存在可增加液泡色彩的强度并导致&蓝化&。

By the partial purification of Arthrobacter nicotinovorus D-97 endocellular enzymes and the results of enzymatic reaction of enzymes of partition collection, it was found that enzymes related to trehalose synthesis were consisted of Trehalose-forming Enzyme and Trehalose-releasing Enzyme . Trehalose-forming Enzyme could convert maltooligosaccharides into non-reducing maltooligosyl trehalose by intramolecular transglycosylation, and Trehalose-releasing Enzyme could hydrolyze α-1, 4 linkage between the trehalose residue and the maltooligosaccharide residue to release trehalose and maltooligosaccharides with two glucose monomer lesser.

将食尼古丁节杆菌D-97胞内酶部分纯化并对各收集组分进行酶反应，发现其海藻糖合成酶系由海藻糖生成酶(Trehalose-forming Enzyme，TFE)和海藻糖释放酶(Trehalose-releasingEnzyme，TRE)组成，前者分子内转糖基将直链麦芽寡糖转化为没有还原性的麦芽寡糖基海藻糖，后者专一切割麦芽寡糖基海藻糖分子上麦芽寡糖基与海藻糖连接的α-1，4糖苷键，从而释放出海藻糖和减少了两个葡萄糖单体的麦芽寡糖。

Galactosidase or melibiase is the enzyme of hydrolysising α-galactosis bonds, it is a exoglycosidase exist in nature widely.

半乳糖苷酶也称蜜二糖酶，是催化α-半乳糖苷键水解的酶类，是广泛存在于自然界的一种外切糖苷酶。

RhaG hydrolyzed only the 6-C α-rhamnoside of ginsenoside Re, RhaR is able to hydrolyze the α-rhamnoside of rutin、hesperidin and naringin.

实验结果表明，RhaG只水解人参皂苷Re的C-6位末端上的一个α-鼠李糖基，而RhaR能水解芦丁、橙皮苷、柚皮苷的α-鼠李糖基。

The connection mode of MOP was mainly that taking 1-4 glycosidic bond as the main chain and taking 1-6 glycosidic bond as the branched chain.

该糖的连接方式主要以1-4糖苷键连接为主链，1-6糖苷键连接为支链。

Other types of carbohydrates found in food are the condensed n-acetylated amino sugars of mucopolysaccharides, glycoproteins, and chitin; the condense deoxy sugars of gum, mucilages, and nucleotides; glcosides （sugars condensed with nonsugars）; glucosinolates; cyclitols; and reductone, l-ascorbic acid.

在食物中发现它种碳水化合物还有：粘多糖、糖蛋白、壳多糖之类的缩聚n-乙酰氨基糖；植物胶、粘浆、核苷酸之类的缩合脱氧糖；糖苷；芥子油苷；环多糖；l-抗坏血酸。

Other types of carbohydrates found in food are the conde ed N-acetylated amino sugars of mucopolysaccharides, glycoprotei , and chitin; the conde e deoxy sugars of gum, mucilages, and nucleotides; glcosides; glucosinolates; cyclitols; and reductone, L-ascorbic acid.

在食物中发现它种碳水化合物还有：粘多糖、糖蛋白、壳多糖之类的缩聚N-乙酰氨基糖；植物胶、粘浆、核苷酸之类的缩合脱氧糖；糖苷；芥子油苷；环多糖；L-抗坏血酸。

But we don't care about Battlegrounds.

但我们并不在乎沙场中的显露。

Ah! don't mention it, the butcher's shop is a horror.

啊！不用提了。提到肉，真是糟透了。