糖尿病的

International Diabetes Federation - The IDF has launched a new definition to identify children and adolescents at increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease in later life.

国际糖尿病联合会国防军发起了新的定义，以确定儿童和青少年的风险增加。发展2型糖尿病和心血管疾病的晚年生活。

Methods The thickness of retinal capillary basement membrane and glomerular basement membrane and their anionic sites were quantitatively analyzed by electron microscopy and immunohistochemical methods.Results RBM and GBM became gradually thickened with the development of diabetes. The thickened basement membrane was accompanied with decrease of anionic sites in number.Conclusion DR and DN share partly the pathological process, and there are also some incoordinate phenomena in the microvascular lesion.

我们采用普通电镜和免疫组化电镜等方法对糖尿病动物模型进行了系统观察，着重对比分析视网膜和肾小球微血管病变，试图寻找DR和DN的相关性，以期阐明其发生、发展的规律，为临床探索或延缓糖尿病患者并发DR或DN的手段提供理论依据。

Diabetic nephropathy is one of the common serious microvascular complications of diabetes mellitus,as a result of the feature between glomerular mesangial membrane proliferation and interrenal fibrosis for extracelluar matrix excessive accumulation in the kidney. Many patient with DM are predisposed to developing diabetic nephropathy and die from it.

糖尿病肾病是以细胞外基质在肾脏的过度聚集导致肾小球系膜增生和肾小管间质纤维化为特征的严重微血管并发症，是糖尿病致残因素和重要的死亡原因之一。

AbstractDiabetic nephropathy is one of the common serious microvascular complications of diabetes mellitus,as a result of the feature between glomerular mesangial membrane proliferation and interrenal fibrosis for extracelluar matrix excessive accumulation in the kidney. Many patient with DM are predisposed to developing diabetic nephropathy and die from it.

糖尿病肾病是以细胞外基质在肾脏的过度聚集导致肾小球系膜增生和肾小管间质纤维化为特征的严重微血管并发症，是糖尿病致残因素和重要的死亡原因之一。

The purpose of this study is to determine whether expression leels of RAS differ between nondiabetic and diabetic renal tissues with accurate quantitatie method.

本研究目的在于采用精确定量的方法明确是否糖尿病和非糖尿病患者的肾组织RAS的表达水平有区别。

David Oyer, of Northwestern Memorial Hospital in Chicago, said he recommends that people with diabetes have their eyes checked once a year by an ophthalmologist for glaucoma and other serious eye diseases associated with diabetes.

糖尿病专家，芝加哥西北纪念医院的David Oyer医生建议糖尿病人应该每年都要找眼科医生去做一次检查，以排除是否患有青光眼或是其他严重的与糖尿病相关的眼部疾病。

Results:(1)Among 40 rats, 36 rats were successfully established and the rate of success is 90 percent;(2)All the successfully established models demonstrated polydipsia, polyuria and the body weight was not increased. 6 rats suffered cataract after 3 months, and 4 rats died in 6 months;(3)There was an approximately 61% loss of retinal ganglion cells in the central retina and the thickness of retina thinner under microscope ( P 0.01 ).(4) Electroscope changes include the thinner of retina, disorganization of the membranous disc of the rod cells and the thickness of basal membrane of vessal.(5)In normal group, 1 month dibetes mellitus and 1 month treatmen group, there was no expression of ERK1/ERK2 on the retina tissues. In 3 month diabetes mellitus group, the expression of ERK1/ERK2 was positive.

结果：①40只建模大鼠中36只建模成功，建模成功率为90%；②建模成功的大鼠都表现出多饮、多尿、消瘦、体重不增的表现，有6只大鼠在3个月后出现白内障，有4只大鼠在喂养接近至6个月时死亡；③HE染色光镜下6个月大鼠后极部视网膜节细胞层细胞数明显减少，减少约61%(P.01)，后极部视网膜明显变薄(P.01)；④电镜观察，视网膜变薄，视杆细胞膜盘紊乱，血管基底膜增厚等表现；⑤正常组、糖尿病组和治疗组1个月大鼠视网膜中未见ERK1/ERK2的表达，糖尿病组视网膜组织中3个月时可见少量表达，ERK1/ERK2表达部位为神经节细胞层和内核层；6个月时表达强阳性，部位表达不仅见于内核层、神经节细胞层，色素上皮层也见表达。

With regard to patients' function, a positive correlation between the physical component summary and mental component summary of SF-36. It also showed significant differences in function between patients with and without peripheral neuropathy symptoms.

在糖尿病周边神经病变患者生活品质部分，本研究结果发现有周边神经病变感觉不适症状的糖尿病患者在生理相关生活品质及心理相关生活品质两个部份的得分皆较有周边神经病变但无感觉不适症状的患者来得低(p＜。01)。

The most common type of diabetes is Type 2 diabetes, which is usually triggered by obesity and a sedentary lifestyle.

最常见的糖尿病是2型糖尿病，这是通常所引发的肥胖和久坐的生活方式。

Diabetes is attracted high attention of world, and the number of diabetes sufferer increased gradually in recent years.

糖尿病是世界各地都非常关注的疾病，近年来，全世界的糖尿病患者普遍有逐渐增加的趋势。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。