糖尿病患者

Objective To investigate the changes and relationship of glycosylated hemoglobin and urinary albumin in patients with diabetic nephropathy.

目的 研究糖尿病的控制指标糖化血红蛋白与尿微量白蛋白在糖尿病肾病患者中的变化并探讨两者之间的关系。

Methods According to matching principle,60 patients with hypertension and diabetes merging IR and ED were divided into 2 groups:routine group (n=30 cases) treated with calcium antagonist,diuretic,nitrate,hypoglycemic agents and etc; losartan group (n=30 cases) given an additional use of losartan besides the above...

方法将60例高血压糖尿病合并IR、ED患者按匹配原则分成两组，常规组30例患者使用钙离子拮抗剂、利尿剂、硝酸酯类制剂、降糖药物等治疗；缬沙坦组30例患者在上述常规治疗基础上，加用缬沙坦80mg/d。

Because corticosteroid can modify the immunological process which is considered the major mechanism involved in AHS, it is used to treat AHS clinically. However, corticosteroid therapy may have deleterious effect (e.g., delayed healing of cutaneous lesions, infections, prolonged hospital stay). Therefore, the use of corticosteroids for AHS remains controversial. We reported a 54-year-old man who had underlying diabetes mellitus with chronic renal insufficiency, hypertension and hyperlipidemia. Allopurinol 100mg twice a day was initiated one month prior to admission. After taking the drug for 24 days, he developed a generalized mild itchy eruption on the trunk and upper extremities followed by chillness, fever, ocular discomfort and painful oral ulcer over one-week period and was admitted to the hospital. A skin biopsy revealed changes consistent with Stevens-Johnson syndrome.

本文报告一位54岁的男性患者，有高血压、高血脂、糖尿病及慢性肾脏功能不全的病史，最近发现有高尿酸血症(11.1mg/dL)而开始服用Allopurinol，在服用24日后，因为逐渐发生皮肤红疹搔痒、口腔溃疡、发烧、畏寒以及眼睛不适，一周之后到医院就医，经诊断为服用Allopurinol所造成之史帝文森－强生症候群(Stevens-Johnson syndrome)，因而在皮肤科住院接受治疗，由於病人有高血压、高血脂及糖尿病，所以入院后仅以支持疗法，并未给予全身性类固醇，然而病人之病况恶化，并有肾功能恶化，因而於住院两日后，转进肾脏科病房，在使用全身性类固醇治疗之后，病况持续改善，并在2周后出院。

Visual acuity examination,dilate fundus examination and fundus fluorescein angiography should be payed more attention to.

在2型糖尿病的患者中，病程在5a以内使用胰岛素患者的40%和未使用胰岛素患者的24%出现DR[1]。

Methods: This study was approved by the Department of Nephrology, the second hospital of Hebei Medical University. We choose 36 cases of IgA nephropathy(25 males and 11 fema- les).The mean age of them was 35.0±12.6 years.They were defi- nited by renal biopsy from July 2008 to Feb.2009.Patients with hypertension, diabetes mellitus, Lupus Nephritis, HBV-GN associated glomerulonephritis,thyropathy,renal damage induced by polyarthritis destruens,neoplasms associated nephropathy and those on glucocorticoid,immunosuppressive agents,enoxa- parin sodium and angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor be- fore renal biopsy were excluded from this study.

河北医科大学第二临床医学院肾内科于2008年07月到2009年02月间经肾活检确诊的IgA肾病患者36例(其中男性25例，女性11例，年龄35.0±12.6岁)，临床上除外高血压肾损害、紫癜性肾炎、乙肝病毒相关性肾炎、狼疮性肾炎、甲状腺病相关性肾损害、类风湿性关节炎肾损害、肿瘤相关性肾病等继发性肾脏病患者，并除外肥胖、妊娠、糖尿病、肝脏疾病、药物等导致的肾损伤及急性间质性肾炎等患者。

Results Of the 75 cases with DVT, 11 cases were diagnosed as PTE(14. 7%) and 92% had risk factors, which the most common ones were patients aged over 40 (64.0%),long term immobilization (44.0%), operation (28.0%),trauma(21.3%),smoking (19.1%), infection (16%), varicosity of lower limbs (16%), hypertension (10.7%),diabetes (6.7%), tumor (6.7%), etc. The number of risk factors was increasing with growing age.

结果75例DVT患者中，有11例是DVT合并PTE患者(14.7%)，92%的DVT患者存在危险因素，最常见者为年龄≥40岁(64%)，长期卧床(44%)，手术(28%)，外伤(21.3%)，吸烟(19.1%)，感染性疾病(16%)，下肢静脉曲张(16%)，高血压(10.7%)，糖尿病(6.7%)和恶性肿瘤(6.7%)等，并且随年龄的增长，危险因素的数量也增多。

Methods By measuring hs-CRP,endothelin,homocysteine,lipid and caroid artery echocardiography,ninety patients were divided into three groups equally,among them,the first group suffered 1-2 degree essential hypertension;the second group suffered 3 degree essential hypertension;excluding hypertension,coronary heart disease,diabetes,infections disease and tumour,control group as a third group was analyzed.

对30例1～2级原发性高血压患者(第1组)和30例3级原发性高血压患者(第2组)进行hs-CRP、内皮素、同型半胱氨酸和血脂检测、颈动脉超声检查，与除外原发性高血压、冠心病、糖尿病以及各种感染、肿瘤患者进行比较分析。

Patients with SAP were in stable thrombotic state, patients with ACS were in unstable thrombotic state, the occurrence of ACS was closely related to hypercoagulable state.

稳定型心绞痛患者的凝血系统处于稳定状态，而急性冠状动脉综合征患者处于高凝状态，合并2型糖尿病或原发性高血压的急性冠状动脉综合征患者高凝状态更显著，提示高凝状态与急性冠状动脉综合征的发病密切相关。

Increased appearance of lymphocele was noticed in patients with diabetic nephropathy, congenital malformations of the urinary tract, and inflammatory diseases, including glomerulopathy and extraglomerular ones, after high-voltage radiotherapy and after removal of the renal graft.

经过高压放射疗法和切除移植肾后，在糖尿病肾病患者、泌尿系统先天性畸形患者和炎症患者身上发现淋巴囊肿有所增加，包括肾小球病和球外疾病等。

The other 18 subjects (31%) did not meet listing criteria due to pulmonary hypertension with massive transpulmonary gradients, severe diabetes, or another factor; 7 patients had wearable LVAD implants and the remaining 11 who had contraindications both to HTX and to LVAD implantation remained on medical therapy.

其他18名患者（31%）由于跨肺压差、严重糖尿病或其他原因导致的肺动脉高压而不符合移植标准；7名患者植入了LVAD，其余11名既有HTD禁忌症又有LVAD禁忌症的患者仍然在接受药物治疗。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。