糖尿病患者

The patients with type 2 DM have disproportionally increased PI/IRI.IRI may overestimate insulin levels in individuals with obesity,type 2 DM and IGT.

肥胖者、肥胖的IGT患者和肥胖的新诊断的2型糖尿病患者具有高胰岛素血症。2型糖尿病患者具有不成比例的前胰岛素的增高，免疫活性胰岛素常常过高估计肥胖者、2型糖尿病和IGT患者的胰岛素水平。

The frequency of heart circulation disease occuring is evidentially higher in diabetes patients and in people without diabetes.

糖尿病患者心血管疾病的发生率明显高于非糖尿病患者，因糖尿病心脏病而死亡的人数约占糖尿病患者死亡率的80％，其中70％是死于糖尿病性冠心病。

In three separate studies, the investigators evaluated 105 adults with type 1 diabetes (mean age, 37 years; mean duration of diabetes, 20 years), 36 adults with type 2 diabetes (mean age, 50 years; mean duration of diabetes, 10 years), and 91 adults with type 1 diabetes (mean age, 39 years; mean duration of diabetes, 20 years). During a four-week period, participants used a hand-held computer to complete 70 trials of cognitive-motor tasks and to enter their current blood glucose reading after each test. Hyperglycemia was defined as blood glucose level higher than 15 mmol/L.

在3个不同的试验中，研究人员评估105位第1型糖尿病患者（平均年龄为37岁；患糖尿病平均时间为20年），36位第2型糖尿病患者（平均年龄为50岁；患糖尿病平均时间为10年），以及91位第1型糖尿病患者（平均年龄为39岁；患糖尿病平均时间为20岁）；在4周期间，受试者使用一种掌上型电脑来完成70种认知运动任务的试验，以及在每次测试后，输入他们目前的血糖读数，血糖高於15 mmolL被定义为高血糖。

Result: Among 40 cases of hyperpiesia, there are 32 cases with arteria carotis atherogenesis in different extent, and its incidence is 80%; Among 32 cases of cerebral vessels diseases: Twenty-one cases had arteria carotis atherogenesis, and its incidencewas 66%. Among 18 cases of diabetes complicated with hyperpiesia, 13 cases had arteria carotis atherogenesis, and its incidence was 72%; Among 6 cases of diabetes, 2 cases had arteria carotis atherogenesis, and its incidence was 33%.

结果 40例高血压患者中，32例颈动脉有不同程度的粥样斑块形成，发病率80％；32例脑血管病变患者，21例颈动脉有不同程度的粥样斑块形成，发病率66％；糖尿病合并高血压18例糖尿病患者中，13例颈动脉有不同程度的粥样斑块形成，发病率72％；6例糖尿病患者中，2例颈动脉有不同程度的粥样斑块形成，发病率33％。

Result: Among 40 cases of hyperpiesia, there are 32 cases with arteria carotis atherogenesis in different extent, and its incidence is 80%; Among 32 cases of cerebral vessels diseases: Twenty-one cases had arteria carotis atherogenesis, and its incidencewas 66%.

结果 40例高血压患者中，32例颈动脉有不同程度的粥样斑块形成，发病率80％；32例脑血管病变患者，21例颈动脉有不同程度的粥样斑块形成，发病率66％；糖尿病合并高血压18例糖尿病患者中，13例颈动脉有不同程度的粥样斑块形成，发病率72％；6例糖尿病患者中，2例颈动脉有不同程度的粥样斑块形成，发病率33％。

There were no significant difference between diabetics in hospital and diabetics who had participated diabetes education in gender,age,marital status,occupation, education level and the form of medical expenses.It is suggested that the two groups come from the same patients. 2.According to the result of content validity and retest reliability,questionnaire of compliance has a good validity and reliability.According to the result of consistence test,collection validity,discrimination validity and construct validity,SF-36 has a good validity and reliability.3.We used self paired comparison to analyze the data of the treatment compliance from the patients who had participated diabetes education and the patients in hospital who hadn\'t participated diabetic education.The results suggest that the treatment compliance of patients is improved as the number of times that these patients participated diabetes education was increased.The treatment compliance of the patients in hospital is improved just in a short-term period,who hadn\'t participated diabetes education.

研究结果1、住院糖尿病患者与参加健康教育的糖尿病患者在性别、年龄、婚姻、职业、文化程度、医疗用度承担形式上均无统计学差异，说明两组人群来自同一整体。2、根据内容效度和重测信度的结果证实允从性问卷具有良好的信度和效度；根据内部一致性检验、集合效度、区分效度和结构效度的结果证实SF-36量表具有良好的信度和效度。3、对参与健康教育的糖尿病患者进行的允从性跟踪调查结果进行自身配对前后比较，并与未参加健康教育的住院糖尿病患者的允从性得分进行比较，发现糖尿病患者治疗允从性随着参加健康教育次数的增多而进步；未参加教育的住院患者治疗允从性在进院和刚出院的短期内有一定进步，但随后逐渐下降至进院前水平。

The post-operational patient on liquid or semiliquid diet injected insulin subcutaneously before three meals,applied inˉsulin according to blood sugar level until end of perioperative period.

目的 探讨糖尿病对耳鼻咽喉—头颈外科患者手术后并发症的影响以及糖尿病患者的围手术期治疗方法对51例接受耳鼻咽喉及头颈部不同类型手术的糖尿病患者，观察其围手术期并发症，并于术 3天改三餐前0.5h皮下注射速效胰岛素治疗，根据血糖的测定结果，开始剂量约为4～8U；对术后禁食需要补液的患者，按葡萄糖3～4g/胰岛素1U的比例给药，并每日监测血糖指标；术后进流质或半流质饮食的患者，于三餐前皮下注射胰岛素，按血糖测定情况给药，直至围手术期结束。

Part three: Hemodynamic changes of intramyocardial microvascular by ultrasound in diabetic patients Objectives: To observe and analyze the hemodynamic changes of intramyocardial microvascular which is caused by intramyocardial microvasculopathy in diabetic patients using TTDE. Methods: 27 normal subjects and 50 patients were studied.

第三部分糖尿病患者心肌内冠状动脉的血流动力学变化目的：应用冠脉血流显像技术观察糖尿病患者静息状态下心肌内冠脉分支血流，分析糖尿病患者发生的冠状动脉微血管病变带来的血流动力学改变。

Diabetes mellitus is a kind of chronic and worldwide disease, and tight glycemic control is critical in manging DM and preventing complications such as nephropathy, neuropathy and retinopathy. In order to relieve DM patients pain and decrease the risk of crossinfection, noninvasive ways to monitor blood glucose concentrations are preferred, and one approach is to monitor glucose concentrations in tear fluid. This review covers recent understanding of features of tear fluid and relevant changes in DM, the influence of different collecting methods in tear glucose concentration, and attempts to monitor tear glucose concentration in situ by using contactlens based sensing devices.

糖尿病（diabetes mellitus，DM）是一种慢性疾病，也是一种全球性疾病，糖尿病患者长期理想控制血糖有助于防止或延缓糖尿病肾病、神经病变和糖尿病视网膜病变等慢性并发症的发生，为了减少患者的痛苦和降低交叉感染发生的危险，人们想到了通过泪糖浓度这一无创指标来监测血糖控制情况的可能性，我们综合近年的相关研究进展，从泪液的特性及糖尿病患者的相关改变、不同收集方法对泪糖浓度的影响及检测泪糖浓度的产品等方面进一步探讨泪糖浓度作为糖尿病病情评价指标的可行性。

He notes that gien that there are about 20 million patients on thiazide diuretics and an almost equal number on beta blockers, the increased risk of diabetes with these drugs translates into 250 000 cases of new-onset diabetes, accounting for about a quarter of the new cases of diabetes occurring eery year in the US.

他提到，现在有大约2千万患者使用噻嗪类利尿剂，2千万患者在使用β阻滞剂，由于这些药物可能引起糖尿病的风险，将会导致25万例糖尿病患者，几乎是美国每年新增糖尿病患者中的四分之一。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。