糖基

The immunoregulation activity of SPG-1 mainly existed in the part of sugar chain, but keeping its molecular structure intact had some effects on its immunoregulation activity; SPG sulphation had reducing effects on the immunoregulation of SPG-1, whereas, after medium and low acetification of SPG, the immunoregulation of SPG was enhanced. Conversely after high acetification, the immunoregulation of SPG-1 decreased, that is, after introducing sulfuric and acetic acid base in SPG-1, its immunoregulation changed. All of these indicated the structure of SPG-1 was closely connected with its immune activity.⑤.

甘薯糖蛋白SPG-1的免疫调节活性主要在其糖链部分，但保持分子结构的完整性对其免疫调节的活性有一定的作用；甘薯糖蛋白硫酸化对甘薯糖蛋白SPG-1的免疫调节有降低作用，而中、低度乙酰化后，可提高甘薯糖蛋白的免疫调节作用，高度乙酰化后则降低其免疫调节作用，即甘薯糖蛋白引入乙酰基和硫酸基团后，其免疫调节活性发生了改变，这些均表明了甘薯糖蛋白的结构与其免疫调节活性有密切的关系。

Structure Design and Modification of Mannitol-polylactide Tissue Engineering Materials;2. Based on the molecular structures, sugar alcohols can be classified into Mono sugar alcohol (such as erythritol, xylitol, sorbitol and mannitol ) and Disaccharide alcohol (such as maltitol,lactitol and isomaltitol).

糖醇是醛糖或酮糖的羰基经氢化还原成羟基的多元醇；按其结构可分为单糖醇(如四元赤藓糖醇、五元木糖醇、六元山梨糖醇和甘露糖醇)，双糖醇(如麦芽糖醇、乳糖醇、异麦芽酮糖醇)。

Then test of film cell growth by high sugar, LPS, high sugar plus LPS was done with the result showing that FANG KIDNEY capsule can restrain the growth of film cell and composition of external base, it can be concluded that it has obvious effect in preventing the hardening of kidney small cell.

为进一步探讨糖肾胶囊的作用机制，还采用国内外经典细胞培养方法，成功地培养出肾小球系膜细胞，在此基础上进行高糖、LPS、及高糖加LPS诱导细胞膜增生，结果发现糖肾胶囊能抑制系膜细胞增生及细胞外基质胶原合成，证明其对防止肾小球硬化有明显作用。

By this reaction, an aldose is converted into another aldose and the corresponding ketose, and a ketose is converted into the corresponding two aldoses.

单糖的异构化涉及羰基和相邻近的羟基，通过这个反应，一种醛糖转化为另一种醛糖，和相对应的酮糖，一种酮糖转化为相对应的两种醛糖。

Phosphorylated chitosan (phosphorylate-modified chitosan,P-CTS) was synthesized by the reaction of monosodium orthophosphate with urea in the presence of HAc.

壳聚糖(chitosan，CTS)是由β(1~4)键合的D-葡糖胺残基和数目不同排列无规的N-乙酰基葡糖胺残基组成的线性多糖，是生物界中大量存在的唯一的一种碱性多糖。

The purified recombinant enzyme had optimal reaction conditions at pH 5.0 and 80 °C, was stable between pH 4.0 and pH 6.0. The enzyme had residual activity of 60% at 95 °C for 6 h at pH 5.0, thus has considerable potential in industrial applications. The specific activities of the enzyme to salicin, p-Nitrophenyl β-D-glucopyranoside, p-nitrophenyl β-D-xylopyranoside and p-nitrophenyl α-D-glucopyranoside were: 57500 U/mg, 1632 U/mg, 109 U/mg, and 39 U/mg, respectively, the specificity of salicin was the highest, p-nitrophenyl β-D-glucopyranoside followed, no activities to xylan and arabinofuranoside.

重组 Tm-SIGlA 的酶学性质研究表明：该酶最适作用温度和最适作用 pH 分别为80 ℃和 pH 5.0；在 pH 4.0-6.0 之间酶活性稳定，95 ℃保温 6 h 残留活性为 60%，具有非常高的热稳定性；在所测定的底物中，该酶对水杨苷、对硝基苯酚-β-D-葡萄糖苷(p-Nitrophenyl β-D-glucopyranoside)、对硝基苯酚-β-D-木糖苷(p-Nitrophenyl β-D-xylopyranoside)和对硝基苯酚-α-D-葡萄糖苷(p-Nitrophenyl α-D-glucopyranoside)的比酶活分别为：57500 U/mg、1632 U/mg、109 U/mg 和39 U/mg，作用水杨苷的专一性最强，其次为对硝基苯酚-β-D-葡萄糖苷，没有检测到对木聚糖和阿拉伯糖苷的活性。

In the Staining PAGE map of glycoproteins from seminal plasma and spermatophore matrix, there were 3 kinds of glycoproteins in seminal plasma, and 2 in spermatophore matrix.

对精液、精荚基质蛋白组分的PAS糖蛋白染色结果显示，精液中主要的蛋白组分均为糖蛋白，共有3种；精荚基质中有2种主要的蛋白组分是糖蛋白。

The chapter 6 makes a study on the design and synthesis of new glycosides, which prepared from imidazole, thiazole and tetrazole aglycones mentioned above and glucose derivatives by phase transfer catalysis under the moderate reaction condition.

我们以合成的新杂环化合物作为糖的配基，用相转移催化法合成了25个糖苷类化合物。其中包括4个咪唑氮糖苷，12个含有噻唑环的糖苷，6个含有噻唑环的糖酯，3个四氮唑糖苷。

The family of glycophosphoproteins comprising osteopontin, bone sialoprotein, dentin matrix protein 1, dentin sialophosphoprotein and matrix extracellular phosphoglycoprotein — small integrin-binding ligand N-linked glycoproteins — are emerging as important players in many stages of cancer progression.

糖磷酸化蛋白包含骨桥蛋白，骨唾液蛋白，牙质基质蛋白及细胞外基质糖蛋白――小的整联蛋白结合配体 N 联结糖蛋白――作为癌症演进早期的一个重要物质。

This technique is the hardhitting technique of currently International, some companies-made sugar of Japan and Europe take the xylitol as matrix , but not appending any composition.

这项技术可称得上是目前国际上糖醇类硬糖的高精尖技术，日本和欧洲的制糖企业有以木糖醇为基质生产的硬糖，但硬糖中没有添加任何成分。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。