糖合成

After synthesis of the DNA polymerase and replication of DNA,the viral capsid and glycoproteins are synthesized.

在DNA多聚酶合成DNA复制后，病毒衣壳和糖蛋白合成。

Yeast elicitor repeatedly added on days 15, 17 and 19 at the dose of 106 mg total sugar/1 medium improved PeGs accumulation further, and the final PeGs content and production reached 31.3 mg/g DW and 317.8 mg/1, which were 195%and 235% that of the control, respectively.

研究表明酵母诱导子的添加同时促进了细胞生长和PeGs合成，在培养第15、17和19天以106mg总糖／l的浓度三次加入酵母诱导子极大地刺激了PeGs的合成，其含量和产量在21天分别达31.3mg／g DW和317.8 mg／l，为对照培养的195％和235％。

In ovary, PNA receptors appeared in the oocyte cytoplasm of second phases of oogenesis; the positive granules gradually increased from third to forth phases, and they exhibit a maximum expression before vitellogennic stage in cytoplasm of oocyte; from vitellogennic stage to chorionation stage, the positive granules gradually reduced. Binding sites on follicle cells were changed with their morphological variation in every stage of oogenesis.The staged and specific expression of oncogene c-kit, the tyrosine-kinase receptor, is closely related with gametogenesis.

2在中华蚱蜢卵子发生的早期，PNA受体是由卵母细胞自身合成；在卵黄发生前的准备时期，卵母细胞质中的PNA受体一部分来源于自身合成，另一部分则来源于滤泡细胞，而糖复合物的大量出现可能直接与卵黄发生有关；卵黄发生期PNA受体的减少可能是在卵黄物质形成中部分发生了修饰；卵黄和卵壳的相继形成过程中，阳性反应的出现说明PNA受体参与了卵黄膜及卵壳的形成，而这些受体物质是由滤泡细胞分泌的。

The chapter 1 introduces the background of imidazole, thiazole, tetrazole derivatives and their glycosides, and organic solid phase research.

论文第一章介绍了咪唑环、噻唑环、四氮唑环等杂环的合成，总结了糖苷的合成方法，对杂环的固相合成化学进行了简单介绍。

The synthesis of Galβ1-4GlcNAc group in the rat sciatic injured nerves were studied by lectin histochemistry with Ricinus Communis Agglutinin-Ⅰ.

半定量分析表明β1，4—糖苷键的合成在神经损伤后1—2天内有所增高，以后的合成逐步下降。

Therefore, the metabolic pathway from soybean oil to erythromycin was presumed as follows: soybean oil is metabolized into TCA pathway to generate much α ketoglutaric acid and then generate succinyl CoA by strengthening TCA pathway, and the methylmalonyl CoA is formed from succinyl CoA by isomerization. Finally, methylmalonyl CoA can be used as the precursor for the biosynthesis of erythromycin.

推测豆油经过红色糖多孢菌代谢后进入红霉素合成的一条可能途径：豆油经过代谢后进入TCA循环，并强化了TCA循环的通量，产生了大量α酮戊二酸，再生成琥珀酰CoA，琥珀酰CoA在甲基丙二酰CoA异构酶的作用下生成甲基丙二酰CoA作为红霉素合成的前体。

Author had started the research on design and synthesis of heterocycles several years ago, mainly focused on the design and synthesis of imidazole, thiazole, tetrazole derivatives and their glucosides, in which most of them may have some particular bioactivities.

本论文主要是围绕具有生理活性含氮杂环化合物的设计与合成而展开的，在论文工作中我们应用液相"一锅法"和固相组合化学方法进行了咪唑环、噻唑环、四氮唑环等具有生理活性的杂环化合物及其糖苷的合成。

In addition a series compounds of thiazole glycosides (17a~17f) were synthesized through 1-benzoyl-3-aryl-thioureas by phase-transfer catalysis method under mild condition.

另外，本文以1-苯甲酰基-3-芳基硫脲为原料通过相转移合成法合成了一系列噻唑类糖苷的衍生物(17a~17f)。

ABSTRACT Fruit ripening is associated with a number of physiological and biochemical changes including degradation of chlorophyll, carotenoid biosynthesis, synthesis of flavor compounds, conversion of starch to sugars, cell wall solublisation and fruit softening.

果实的发育成熟涉及一系列复杂的生理生化变化，包括叶绿素的降解、类胡萝卜素的合成、淀粉向糖的转化、芳香性化合物的合成、细胞壁溶解和果实软化等。

The study showed the recombinant wt/mCREG protein depressed the VSMC proliferation depending on dose and the optimal concentration was 400nM;2biologic function of CREG protein and the membrance receptor mechanism:①effect on VSMC migration: the wound healing experiment showed the OB2 cells migration was slower significantly after added wt/mCREG(400Nm) in supernatant. The HITASY cells migration were very slowly and no remarkable change. The gelatinase digestion and Western blot analysis showed the matrix metalloproteinase was decreased and TIMPs was increased;②effect on differentiation: after added wt/mCREG(400nM), the expression of myocardin, SMα-actin, MHC and caldesmin were increased and that of LM-1 and FN were decreased in OB2 cells. These effects were more significant when adding wtCREG.;③effect on VSMC proliferation: Cell cycle assay and BrDU stain showed: after added the wtCREG and mCREG protein, the ratio of cell in G0/G1 phase increased to 0.5773 and 0.5572 from 0.5308 respectively in OB2 group, which increased to 0.7369 and 0.7034 respectively from 0.6297 in HITASY group;3Role of M6P/IGF2R in CREG biologic function:①ELISA and co-immunoprecipitation showed the wt/mCREG binding to M6P/IGF2R directly.②antibody blocking test: when the anti-IGF2R was added to medium at the same time with wt/mCREG at different concentration(2μg/mL、4μg/mL、8μg/mL),the effects of CREG protein which depressing proliferation, migration, secretion and promoting differentiation were blocked, which had the positive correlation to the concentration of added anti body. The studies showed two combinant CREG promoted VSMC switch to differentiation phaenotype, at the same time, depress VSMC proliferation, migration and secreting extracellular matrix.

上述实验结果证实：两种重组CREG蛋白对VSMC增殖均有剂量依赖性的抑制作用，并且相同浓度的糖基化的CREG蛋白对细胞增殖的抑制效应更为显著，最佳效应浓度为400nM；2两种重组CREG蛋白添加后对HITASY和OB2细胞生物学行为的影响：①CREG蛋白对VSMC迁移的影响：刮伤实验发现，加入最佳效应浓度的wtCREG和mCREG蛋白24h后，OB2组迁移能力下降，HITASY组无明显变化；细胞外基质金属蛋白酶-2，9(Matrix metallo-proteinase 2，9，MMP2 ，9)明胶酶电泳检测和Western blot检测结果证实，两种CREG蛋白均可以使OB2细胞合成细胞外基质MMP2，9减少，而组织金属蛋白酶抑制物(Tissue Inhibitors of Metalloproteinases，TIMPs)增加；②CREG蛋白对VSMC分化的影响：加入400nM的wtCREG和mCREG蛋白12h后，OB2细胞myocardin、SMα-actin、MHC、caldesmin表达增加，LM-1、FN表达减少；③流式细胞仪分析细胞周期和BrDU染色分析证实，加入400nM的wtCREG和mCREG蛋白后，OB2组G0/G1期细胞由0.5308分别增加至0.5773和0.5572，HITASY组G0/G1期细胞由0.6297分别增加至0.7369和0.7034；3M6P/IGF2R在重组CREG蛋白的生物学功能中的调控作用：①免疫共沉淀和免疫荧光双染色分析结果显示，CREG蛋白与M6P/IGF2R存在直接结合；②应用抗体阻断实验：将不同浓度的anti- M6P/IGF2R(2、4、8μg /mL)与两种CREG蛋白同时加入培养液中，CREG蛋白抑制VSMC增值、迁移和合成细胞外基质、促进分化的效应减弱，而且与加入anti- M6P/IGF2R浓度正相关。

Do you know, i need you to come back

你知道吗，我需要你回来

Yang yinshu、Wang xiangsheng、Li decang,The first discovery of haemaphysalis conicinna.

1〕 杨银书，王祥生，李德昌。安徽省首次发现嗜群血蜱。