糖代谢的

The integration of fat and carbohydrate metabolism is of great importance in the heart.

心脏中脂肪和糖代谢的整合也是很重要的。

According to many researches,hormone and the cascade of carbohydrate is related to some important enzymes and factors.

国外大量研究资料显示：激素及糖代谢的信号转导途径与一些关键性的酶和影响因子有关。

The comparisons of biochemistry between OP and OR rats The differences between OP and OR rats included not only body weight, but lipids metabolism and insulin sensitivity as well, characterized with insulin resistance, increasing in serum free fatty acids and ketone body, and hepatic TC and TG in OP rats. However, no significant differences were observed in serum TG, TC, LDL, HDL and fasting glucose between OP and OR rats.⑶Comparisons of metabolites in serum, urine and liver tissue between OP and OR rats①There were significant differences in amino acids concentration between OP and OR rats,especially in liver tissue, such as high concentrations in ketogenic and glucogenic amino acids in OP rats, suggesting differences in amino acids metabolism;② The different metabolites between OP and OR rats included increasing of various saturated fatty acids and decreasing of polyunsaturated fatty acids in OP rats;③The urinary metabolites analysis indicated that different structure or metabolism of gut microflora might exist between the two phenotypes, which probably influenced the regulation of body weight gain;④The end-products of catecholamines in urine and intermediates of krebs cycle in serum in OP rats were all up-regulated, suggesting that the activity of sympatheic nervous system and energy metabolism was higher in OP rats than OR rats.

胰岛素耐受实验和胰岛素敏感指数表明OP动物的胰岛素敏感性较OR动物下降，而OP大鼠血清中游离脂肪酸、酮体、肝脏总胆固醇和甘油三酯水平显著升高；但是，OP与OR大鼠血清中总胆固醇、甘油三酯、低密度脂蛋白、高密度脂蛋白和空腹血糖等的水平并无显著性差异；⑶肥胖易感与肥胖抵抗大鼠血清、尿液和肝脏组织提取物中代谢物的比较研究表明：①OP与OR大鼠的血清、尿液和肝组织提取物中多种氨基酸的含量存在显著差异，并以肝组织中的差异氨基酸数量为最多，包括各种生酮和生糖氨基酸水平在OP组的升高，说明氨基酸代谢的差异是两种体重表型大鼠之间存在的重要差异特征之一；②OP与OR动物肝脏和血清差异代谢物中包含多种饱和长链脂肪酸的升高如十四烷酸、十六烷酸、硬脂酸等和多不饱和脂肪酸的下降如亚油酸和花生四烯酸，说明两种体重表型动物的肝脏脂肪酸代谢存在明显差异；③长期高脂饮食喂养后，动物的尿液代谢物分析表明OP与OR动物体内的肠道菌群结构存在差异，这些菌群上的差别可能在动物体重增长的调节上产生影响；④与OR动物相比，OP动物尿液代谢物中儿茶酚胺类递质的代谢终产物如高香草酸、扁桃酸和4-羟基苯乙酸明显升高。

This because NPY acted on sympathetic nerve obstructively and insulin was absolutely or relatively inadequate, which affected glycometabolism, lipometabolism and proteometabolism seriouly, and a lot of water was egested from urine on account of hyperglycosuria and osmosis-diuresis.

这可能进一步说明由于长期有氧运动，糖尿病大鼠增强了胰岛素分泌水平及组织对胰岛素的敏感性，促进了组织对糖的吸收和利用，改善了糖代谢紊乱及能量代谢异常，使糖尿病大鼠为满足机体能量代谢需要，而出现脂肪、蛋白质分解加剧得到缓解。

Objective To study the therapeutical effect of Tangkening on rats with diabetes mellitus.

目的 观察糖渴宁对2型糖尿病大鼠糖代谢和脂代谢的影响。

Functional methods, such as PET scanning of glucose metabolism, could be used to differentiate Alzheimer's disease from frontotemporal dementia, which helps to guide clinicians in symptomatic treatment strategies.

功能性的方法，如糖代谢的PET扫描，可以用来鉴别阿尔茨海默症与额颞叶痴呆，帮助医生制定症状性治疗的策略。

objective to explore effects of clozapine and aripiprazole on glycometabolism of patients with psychoses.

目的 探讨氯氮平与阿立哌唑对精神疾病患者糖代谢的影响。

The quality of purified 2-KGA from its fermentation products was up to industrial standard. In addition, several hexoses, such as D-glucose and D-sorbitol can be utilized to synthesize 2-KGA by this newly-mixed culture. The growth and anabolism of the B529-V6 were studied in 4M〓 and 300M〓 fermentor respectively. The results showed that its growth and anabolism were affected by carbon sources, ratio of D-glucose and L-sorbose, nitrogen sources, growth factors, inoculum quality and culture condition including the initial pH value, temperature and ventilation.

新菌系B529-V6表现出了较强的高浓度L-山梨糖耐受能力、较高的底物代谢速率和较高的2-KGA转化能力，在8％山梨糖浓度的发酵培养基中培养48h，糖酸转化率较对照菌系提高了5.94％；山梨糖浓度提高至10％，其生长代谢受影响程度较小，且能不同程度地利用葡萄糖和山梨醇为底物，合成维生素C前体-2-酮基-L-古龙酸（2-KGA），其发酵产物2-KGA经反相高效液相色谱分析其质量符合工业化生产要求。

Consequently,in this study we introduced genes that encode the xylose isomerase and xylulokinase precisely under the control of a strong,constitutive glyceraldehydes-3-phosphate promoter by PCR-mediated overlap extension,which is in charge of xylose assimilation;and also we introduced genes that encode the transaldolase and transketolase precisely under the control of enolase promoter,which is in charge of xylose utilization,then transformed plasmid with the two operons into Z.

因此，本文通过代谢工程手段，将负责木糖代谢转化的木糖异构酶基因和木酮糖激酶基因置于强组成型启动子3-P-甘油醛下；同时将负责木糖转化利用的转醛醇酶和转酮醇酶基因置于强组成型启动子烯醇酶下，通过电转的方式将上述四个基因转入到Zymomonasmobilis CP4中，从而在运动发酵单胞菌中构建起一套完整的木糖代谢途径。

MethodsDiabetic mice models were induced by alloxan,and observe the effect of corn silk hypoglycemic on normal mice and diabetic mice.

方法采用四氧嘧啶快速造模法，研究玉米须多糖对糖尿病小鼠血糖及糖代谢的影响，同时研究玉米须多糖对正常小鼠血糖的影响。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。