糖代谢

PPAR γ agonist displayed obvious renoprotective action,the mechanism was complicated, it could improve the metabolism of glucose ang lipid, depress blood preasure, protect small vessels endothelium,improve the system activity of blood clotting and fibronolysis, antiinflammation, otherwise the action was more obvious with the time passed, at the early stage the effective was better,so encourage the patients to take the medicine earily; when the patients with the mediate reanl function failure, Avandia did not display significantly renoprotective action, side reaction had no difference compared to the control group,was not necessary to regulate the dose of Avandia.But because of the sample size was small, we needed a biger sample to confirm the results. We confirmed that Prol2Ala had no difference in control case,diabetic nephropathy group and diabete group,In diabetic group and diabetic nephropathy group, Ala carriers compared to noncarrier all kinds of biochemical indicators were not different,Prol2Ala did not have association with diabete and diabetic nephropathy. But because of the sample size was small, weneeded a biger sample to confirm the results.

PPARγ激动剂对糖尿病肾病具有明显的保护作用，保护作用的机制是多方面的，除了改善糖脂代谢，降低血压外，还具有保护小血管内皮，改善凝血和纤溶系统活性，抗炎症等多方面的作用，且作用随着用药时间的延长而日趋明显，在疾病的早期应用效果更佳，故提倡早期用药；对伴有慢性肾功不全的患者，罗格列酮对肾脏靶器官的保护作用显现的并不明显，但副作用与对照组无明显差异，不用根据肾功情况调整用药，但由于样本量较小，上述结论尚需大样本进行进一步证实；本实验研究得出Prol2Ala变异在健康对照组、糖尿病组及糖尿病肾病组均无显著差异，糖尿病组及糖尿病肾病组临床各生化指标与Prol2Ala变异亦无相关性，Prol2Ala与糖尿病及糖尿病肾病不相关。

There was no difference of FSHR expression in subcutaneous and omental adipose tissue from premenopausal, perimenopausal and postmenopausal men and women.

我们的研究首次阐述了脂肪组织上FSHR的表达和功能，第一次提出FSH直接调控脂肪分化、代谢的观点，FSH-FSHR信号调控开创了绝经期肥胖症研究的崭新方向，开拓了垂体糖蛋白受体新的研究领域。

Objective : To investigate in endocringical and metabolic characteristics on polycystic ovary syndrome with/without obesity.

目的：探讨肥胖与肥胖型多囊卵巢综合征在生殖内分泌、糖脂代谢方面的差异。

Propionic acid from ruminal microbes fermentation is a vital glyconeogenesis substrate for prevention of negative energy balance.

奶牛围产期能量代谢的特点是能量负平衡，瘤胃发酵产生的丙酸是奶牛糖异生供能的主要底物，对预防奶牛能量负平衡具有重要的意义。

PPARs have diverse biological functions such as enhancing insulin sensitivity, regulating saccharometabolism homeostasis, and especially regulation of lipid homeostasis, which is the focus of much of the researches at present. In this article, we summarize the regulation of fat metabolism by PPAR genes based on their structure, function and expression.

PPARs具有多种生物学功能，如增强机体对胰岛素敏感性，调节体内糖平衡等，尤其在脂肪分化、生成等多方面起到重要作用，是目前的研究热点，文章从PPARs基因的结构，表达及功能等方面讨论了其与脂肪代谢调控的关系。

METHODS: The rat model of metabolic syndromic hepatic steatosis was induced by operation of two kidneys with one clip(2K1C)and high-fat.

采用两肾一夹术伴高脂高糖饮食12周制备代谢综合征性脂肪肝大鼠模型。

The distribution partition of mass metabolic flux of high-level glucose between lactate production pathway and tricarboxylic acid cycle was 90% and 10%, with the ratio of ATP production 20% and 60%, respectively.

结果表明：当葡萄糖浓度较高时，葡萄糖在乳酸生成途径和TCA循环的代谢通量分配比例分别为90%和10%，ATP生成的比例分别为20%和60%，说明葡萄糖大部分经糖酵解途径生成乳酸，而进入TCA循环的少量部分则提供大部分的能量生成。

Furthermore, the triply n/i/eNOS-/- mice manifested phenotypes that resembled metabolic syndrome in humans, including visceral obesity, hypertension, hypertriglyceridemia, and impaired glucose tolerance.

此外，三重缺陷小鼠呈现出与人类代谢综合征相似的表象，包括腹型肥胖，高血压，高甘油三酯血症以及糖耐量降低。

Pioglitazone is a thiazolidinedione that ameliorates insulin resistance and improes glucose and lipid metabolism in type 2 diabetes mellitus.

吡格列酮是一种噻唑烷二酮类药物，可以改善胰岛素敏感性并且改善2型糖尿病的糖脂代谢。

Pioglitazone is a thiazolidinedione that ameliorates insulin resistance and improves glucose and lipid metabolism in type 2 diabetes mellitus.

吡格列酮是一种噻唑烷二酮类药物，可以改善胰岛素敏感性并且改善2型糖尿病的糖脂代谢。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。