精馏

Continuous ethanol fermentations with and without recycling of distillage were carried out in two suspended-bed bioreactors,respectively,using two-stage enzymatic hydrolyte of corn powder as medium.

在2个单级悬浮床生物反应器中，以双酶法制备的玉米粉糖化液为底物，进行了废液循环条件下自絮凝颗粒酵母乙醇连续发酵与清液发酵对比实验。对于废液循环实验，每隔5d将收集到的发酵液集中精馏处理，得到的废糟液直接用于玉米粉调浆。

Keywords distillation column semi-open equation model;automatic differentiation;sensitivity analysis;implicit function differentiation rule

精馏塔半开放模型；自动微分；灵敏度分析；隐函数求导法则

So an optimum reboiler initial charge exists for a column when q0.7,which was checked and proved by experiments with toluene-ethyl benzene system.

本文采用甲苯-乙苯二元物系对分批精馏过程的最佳投料量进行了实验验证，实验结果与模拟结果吻合较好。

It was also found that R increases with accumulator and condenser holdup. Further studies on the dynamic role of column holdup showed that the ratio of column holdup to reboiler initial charge acts as a factor.

对塔内持液的动态作用规律的深入研究表明：持液量与釜液量之比为一个因子，因此对于一个确定的分批精馏塔，当q0.7时，存在最佳投料量。

Its process mathematical description is illustrated through a typical binary distillation column design. Then the framework and strategy of solving the optimal design and control, which involve the solution of mixed integer dynamic optimization, are presented.

以典型二元精馏塔设计为例阐述了其过程系统的数学描述，给出其最优工艺设计和控制设计的求解框架和求解策略，以及其中混合整数动态优化问题的求解方法。

The technique has isomerization of 1,2,4-trimethylbenzen and precise distillation as a union, which is unique and feasible.

该工艺采用偏三甲苯非临氢催化异构化技术与精密精馏的分离手段有机结合的方法，工艺独特可行。

Reduced SQP based on orthonormal bases, orthogonal bases and coordinate bases are studied and compared. With the correction item introduced, the null-space move is adjusted and the reduced SQP based on coordinate bases decomposition is improved.●The key problem of steady-state data processing for RTOPT is studied. A new algorithm of simultaneous strategies for data reconciliation and gross error detection is proposed. Here the objective function that is constructed using maximum likelihood principle and joint distribution function is minimized. Efficient algorithm is developed which exploited the nonlinear lease-square structure of this objective function.

仿真结果表明了算法的有效性；●深入研究了在线优化中的一个关键问题——稳态数据处理问题，用基于组合概率分布的目标函数联立求解粗劣误差检测和数据调和问题；以精馏塔在线优化的数据处理和模型修正为例，提出一种根据模型方程对参数的依赖性进行过程模型分解的分层策略，可以将数据调和和参数估计统一在数据处理的大框架中，为进一步的过程性能分析、操作状况评价以及在线优化提供可靠的基准，具有非常重要的工程应用价值；●将优化命题的形式扩展到更通用的形式。

In this paper the applications of mesitylene in dyestuff, medication and chemical industry etc. were summarized. From the literatures, we generalized the merit and defect of all kinds of methods and presented that the method of extraction rectification is effective and worth of research.

本文概述了均三甲苯在染料、医药、化工等令贞域中的应用；针对合成分离均三甲苯中存在的问题，查阅了大量的国内外文献，总结并分析了各种合成分离方法的优缺点，提出萃取精馏方法是生产均三甲苯的一种有效方法。

The results of simulation provided the base of the experiment in the next step.The solvent, the VLE data and the simulation results in this paper supplied the foundation for the medium scale plane and industrilazation of mesitylene.

本文提出的溶剂、二元及三元汽液平衡数据及模拟结果为萃取精馏法生产均三甲苯的中试及工业化应用提供了理论依据。

Finally, with the language of VB, the process of extractive rectification was simulated with the method of tri-opposite angles matrix and the effect was researched the ratio of raw and solvent, theory plate number and the feed position of raw and the solvent on the purity of mesitylene was studied.

编制VB程序，结合三对角矩阵法模拟萃取精馏过程，并考察了回流比、溶剂比、理论塔板数、溶剂及原料进料位置对萃取分离效果的影响，为下一步的小试提供了数据基础。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。