精素

Aqua, Aloe Barbadensis Leaf Juice(1), Helianthus Annuus Seed Oil(2), Glycerin, Glyceryl Stearate, Octyl Palmitate, Potassium Stearate, Panthenol (Vit. B5), Tocopherol Acetate, Tocopherol, Beta-Glucan, Arginine, Allantoin, Geranium Maculatum Oil, Citrus Grandis Peel Oil, Citrus Aurantium Dulcis Peel Oil, Cocos Nucifera Oil(3), Linum Usitatissimum Seed Oil(4), Barosma Betulina Leaf Oil, Cetyl Alcohol, Xanthan Gum, Algin, Benzyl Alcohol, Ethylhexylglycerin, Phenoxyethanol

成分：纯净水、库拉索芦荟汁、葵花籽油、天然植物甘油、硬脂酸甘油酯（乳化剂，含有钠与钾之脂肪酸，作为柔软、润滑效果）、棕榈酸盐、硬脂酸钾、维生素 B5、维生素 E 、燕麦酵素葡聚糖、精氨酸、尿囊素、天竺葵精油、葡萄柚精油、橙花精油、椰子油、亚麻籽油、南非香叶精华、棕榈醇、黄原胶、褐藻胶、苯甲醇、乙基己基甘油、苯氧乙醇。

Antheridium formation was not promoted when young gametophytes of C. podophylla were treated with their own mature gametophytes or those of Pteridium aquilinum Kuhn, Lygodium japonicum Sw., or Ceratopteris thalictroides Brongn. Their spores did not germinate at all in dark conditions. These results indicate that there is no antheridiogen (and possibly no germinin, either) in this species.

鬼桫椤之幼配子体并未受到蕨、海金沙、水蕨及其本种之成熟配子体影响而促进其藏精器的产生，其孢子亦未在所有处理之黑暗环境中发芽，此结果显示本种不产生促精素。

The mature protein sequence showed the identity to those of Galanthus nivalis agglutinin, Polygonatum cyrtonema agglutinin, Polygonatum multiflorum agglutinin, Aspidistra elatior Blume agglutinin DOM1, Aspidistra elatior Blume agglutinin DOM2, Zephranthes grandiflora agglutinin respectively are 44.0％、60.9％、58.7％、43.2％、52.6％、75.9％.

该成熟蛋白编码氨基酸序列与囊丝黄精凝集素同源性为60.9％，多花黄精凝集素58.7％，雪花莲凝集素为44.0％，蜘蛛抱蛋凝集素结构域1为43.2％，蜘蛛抱蛋凝集素结构域2为52.6％，麦冬凝集素为75.9％。

The result showed that there was significant botanical character difference among the three varieties of rosemary; the content of essential oil of Rosmarinus officinalis L is higher than that of Rosmarinus officinalis 'Rex' and Rosmarinus officinalis 'Wood' with 0.80, 0.46 and 0.40 mL(100g)^(-1)FW respectively;α-pinene、1,8-cineole、verbenone、geraniol and borneol were the main compositions of essential oil from Rosmarinus officinalis L, with 27.26%, 20.92%, 11.75%, 5.92% and 5.07% respectively; the major components of essential oil of Rosmarinus officinalis 'Rex' were 1,8-cineole、camphor、borneol、α-pinene and camphene, accounting for 31.07%, 21.66%, 11.98%, 5.36% and 5.34% respectively; in Rosmarinus officinalis 'Wood', camphor、1,8-cineole、bornyl acetate、borneol、α-pineneand camphene were the major compositions with 24.69%, 23.96%, 6.76%, 5.94%, 5.80% and 5.28% respectively.

结果表明：三种迷迭香的植物学性状，如外形、花色等差异显著；迷迭香的精油含有率较高，为0.80mL(100g)^(-1)FW，Rex迷迭香和Wood迷迭香的精油含有率低，分别为0.46和0.40mL(100g)^(-1)FW；迷迭香的主要成分为α-蒎烯27.26%、1，8-桉叶素20.92%、马鞭烯酮11.75%、香叶醇5.92%、龙脑5.07%等，Rex迷迭香精油中1，8-桉叶素31.07%、樟脑21.66%和龙脑11.98%、α-蒎烯5.36%、莰烯5.34%是其主要成分，Wood迷迭香精油的主要成分为樟脑24.69%、1，8-桉叶素23.96%、醋酸龙脑酯6.76%、龙脑5.94%、α-蒎烯5.80%和莰烯5.28%等。

This study focused on characteristics related to the reproductive biology of Cyathea podophylla Copel. gametophytes, including growth habits, sexual expression, antheridiogen, ploidy, and genetic load.

本文著重於与鬼桫椤配子体繁殖有关之各种特性的研究，如生长习性，配子器发生顺序，促精素，倍体性，及遗传负荷等。

The sexual progression of their gametophytes is from male to hermaphroditic. This sexual expression is not consistent with the model of antheridiogen action, either.

此外，由雄性至两性的性表现次序，亦显示不符合促精素的作用模式。

The genomic DNA were extracted from the leaves of Polygonatum roseum in Xinjiang and the primers were designed according to conservative sequences of Polygonatum lectins gene.

用百合科黄精属植物凝集素基因的保守序列为引物，从新疆黄精的叶中克隆出黄精凝集素的全长cDNA。

Adults of Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky were fumigated in sealed jars with 4 prickly ash extractants for 48 or 72 h at 30℃.

文章摘要：在30℃下采用广口瓶密闭熏蒸法熏蒸48h和72h，测定青椒精油、红椒精油、一级麻素及二级麻素时玉米象Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky成虫的熏蒸致死作用及LC50值。

The five kinds of male germ cell cytogenetic assays used to detect genotoxicity of ani-mal drugs to each spermatogenetic stage of male germ cells,such as spermatogonia, primary spermatocytes, secondary spermatocytes,spermatids and spermatozoa,had beensystematically studied.

本文系统地研究了适合我国国情的检测兽药对哺乳动物精原细胞、初级精母细胞、次级精母细胞、精细胞和精子等各个发生阶段雄性生殖细胞遗传毒性的5种测定方法，并首次为国产阿维菌素安全性毒理学评价提供了系统的雄性生殖细胞遗传毒性资料。

Histologically, the seminiferous tubules contained numerous Sertoli cells and more Sertoli-spermatozoa complexes, accompanied by the depletion of Leydig cells with deeply stained nuclei. Mature spermatozoa were stored up in the epididymis, but only a few in the efferent ducts. In the second place was testicular atrophy（32/120; 26.7%）. The seminiferous tubules showed moderate to severe inactivity of spermiogenesis with evidence of only spermatogonia, spermatocytes and Sertoli cells. The Leydig cells were obviously decreased in numbers associated with decrease of lipid droplets in their cytoplasms. Testicular hypoplasia was the third disorders（22/120; 18.3%）. Only a few spermatogonia and Sertoli cells appeared without any spermiogenesis. The associated changes was decreased in Leydig cells and fibrous hyperplasia in the interstitium.Epididymal stones were sometimes found（12/120; 10%）. Grossly, yellowish-white nodules with various sizes and firm in consistency were observed in the epididymis and the front efferent ducts. Microscopically, the epididymal ducts were dilated with voluminous spermatozoa storage, even showed calcification in severe cases. The deposited calcium salts were stained positively by Von Kossa and Alizarin red methods.Amyloidosis was also detected in 10 roosters（8.3%）. Eosinophilic, homogeneous, amyloid-like substances were deposited mainly in the testicular interstitium and the periphery of blood vessels. These substances showed positive reaction by Congo red staining. Five roosters（4.2%）had Marek's lesions in the testis, epididymis and peripheral nerves with infiltration of pleomorphic lymphocytes. Only one case showed epithelial necrosis of seminiferous tubules accompanied by fibrous proliferation in the interstitium.

结果发现，在总共搜集的120个病例中，其中因年老所导致的产精力不佳为最多，占38例（31.7%），於镜下可见大量精虫黏附於Sertoli cell的表面，并可见Sertoli cell数量明显增多而Leydig cell明显减少，且其细胞核呈现浓染的现象，而在其副睪中仍可见到成熟精虫蓄留於管腔中，但在其输精管内却只有少量精虫存在；其次为睪丸萎缩，占32例（26.7%），镜下可见中度至重度无造精作用，其生精小管中只见到精母细胞、精原细胞及Sertoli cell存在，但Leydig cell数量明显减少且其细胞质内的脂质也明显减少；睪丸发育不全，占22例（18.3%），於生精小管内只见到精母细胞及少量Sertoli cell存在，不见造精细胞分化，於生精小管间质可见Leydig cell减少并伴随结缔组织增生；副睪结石，占12例（10%），肉眼下可在副睪及输精管前段见到黄白色大小不一的结节，触感坚硬，於镜下可见副睪管扩张并有大量成熟精虫蓄积，严重时可见钙化现象，以Von Kossa及茜素红染色均呈阳性反应；类淀粉沉著症，占10例（8.3%），镜下在睪丸间质及血管周围可见粉红均质样的物质沉积，以刚果红染色成阳性反应；马立克病，占5例（4.2%），镜下可在睪丸、副睪实质及周边神经内均可见到嗜碱性大小不一的淋巴样细胞浸润；睪丸坏死，占1例（0.8%），镜下可见生精小管上皮细胞坏死脱落及间质结缔组织增生。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。