粘土

Direct and triaxial shearing tests were carried out for deuterogenic adamic earth, silty clay and completely weathered mudstone, and the experimental results were analyzed.

对次生红粘土、粉质粘土和全风化泥岩进行了直接快剪实验和三轴不排水剪切实验，并对实验结果进行了分析。

The results showed that the trace elements were not anomalously enriched. Zn and Cu existed in sphalerite. Cr, Pb and Cd were adsorbed by clay minerals. Ba might exist in ankerite and calcite. Ni, Mo, Co and As mainly existed in pyrite. Be and Se were combined with organics. Many trace elements were difficult to volatilize. Because of high content and volatility, Pb and Zn, are harmful to environments; Zn and Pb separately exist in sphalerite and clay minerals, so it is easy to reduce their environmental damage by washing and processing of coal.

结果表明：研究的元素没有异常富集；Zn和Cu赋存于闪锌矿中，Cr、Pb和Cd被粘土矿物吸附，Ba可能赋存于铁白云石和方解石中，Ni、Mo、Co和As主要赋存于黄铁矿中，Be和Se以有机结合态存在；研究的元素大多不易挥发，但Zn和Pb易挥发，且含量较高，环境危害较大，Zn和Pb分别赋存于闪锌矿和粘土矿物中，可通过洗选脱除减小其危害。

Department of Scientific History and Archaeometry; Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100049;4.Institute of Archaeology; Chinese Academy of Social Sciences; Beijing 100710; China;The fabrication technologies in terms of phase composition,structure,firing temperature,porosity,density and water permeability of ceramic water pipes and contrastive ceramic tilesexcavated from Anyang Yin Ruins of Shang dynasty were studied by X-ray fluorescence,X-ray diffraction and dilatometer,respectively.It was found that the contents of CaO,K2O,MgO and P2O5 in CWP were relatively higher than those in contrastive CT.The difference was further confirmed by the mass ratio of flux...

采用X射线荧光、X射线衍射、热膨胀等分析手段对比研究了安阳商代陶水管的制作工艺，发现陶水管化学成分中各类熔剂的质量分数均略高于对比陶片中熔剂的质量分数，CaO、K2O、MgO等助熔剂与A l2O3的质量比进一步证实该现象，而这种差异性则外在地表现为陶水管的气孔度低于对比陶片以及陶水管热膨胀曲线中出现玻璃化现象，该结果表明陶水管原料应为一种易熔粘土，或者在沉淀粘土中人为地掺和了草木灰类掺和料，这有利于陶水管烧制与成型，有助于熔剂在熔融状态下，较好地进入陶水管中的空隙，使陶水管变得更加致密，一定程度上有利于防止陶水管的渗水，显示出陶水管制作工艺的特殊性。

In coalfield exploration in Runan County of Henan Province,thickness of tertiary and quaternary formation is up to 700 m,water sensitive clay,sandy clay,sandy argillite,aleurolite and gravel strata are often encountered.These easily cause hole diameter's shortage or enlargement,wall of hole collapsing and breaking.

在河南省驻马店汝南县林楼一正阳县张楼一带的煤田勘探中，第三、第四系地层厚达700m，经常遇到水敏性粘土、砂质粘土、砂质泥岩、粉砂岩和卵砾石等地层，易造成缩径、超径、坍塌和掉块等孔内复杂情况。

He found that the red pigment proved to be iron oxide, hematite; a yellow consisted of clay containing iron or yellow ochre; a blue color was a finely powdered glass; and a pale blue was a copper carbonate, probably azurite; green were malachite; black was charcoal or boneblack; gray, a limestone mixed with charcoal; and a quantity of pigment remaining in a paint pot used in the decoration, contained a mixture of hematite with limestone and clay.

他发现红颜料是铁的氧化物赤铁矿；黄色颜料由含有铁或黄赭色粘土组成；蓝颜色为细微的玻璃粉；而普蓝就是碳酸铜，或许是蓝铜矿；绿颜料为孔雀石；黑色为木炭或骨黑；灰色，石灰石混合木炭而成；而一些颜料残留在用于彩绘装饰的颜料瓶里，含有赤铁矿与石灰石及粘土的混合物。

Among them brickyard of one part clay changes the line of production blame clay fired brick , basically be gangue fired brick or fired brick of fly ash of quantity of big mix into .

其中一部分粘土砖厂转产非粘土烧结砖，主要是煤矸石烧结砖或大掺量粉煤灰烧结砖。

Clay can be found almost anywhere. Good pottery clay must be free from all small stones and other hard materials

粘土几乎随处可见，但好的制陶所用的粘土必须不含小沙粒或任何硬物

Good pottery clay must be free from all small stones and other hard materials that would make the potting process difficult.

粘土几乎随处可见，但好的制陶所用的粘土必须不含小沙粒或任何硬物，否则会给制陶过程带来不便。

Sicilian clay that was used in the manufacture of pottery during the ruler's reign bore little resemblance to Greek clay used to manufacture pottery at that time.

在那位君王统治时期生产陶器所使用的西西里粘土和同时期的希腊粘土不太相似。

The geology is mainly mud stone, sandy clay, and clay.

经由地质为泥石、砂质粘土和粘土。

Breath, muscle contraction of the buttocks; arch body, as far as possible to hold his head, right leg straight towards the ceiling (peg-leg knee in order to avoid muscle tension).

呼气，收缩臀部肌肉；拱起身体，尽量抬起头来，右腿伸直朝向天花板（膝微屈，以避免肌肉紧张）。

The cost of moving grain food products was unchanged from May, but year over year are up 8%.

粮食产品的运输费用与5月份相比没有变化，但却比去年同期高8％。