粗糙表面

The type of shock reflection over 50o wedge model is of regular reflection. The angle between the incident and reflection shock is also being increased as the model surface roughness increased. The flow visualization results indicate that the speed of reflection shock becomes slower.

在50度的模型实验条件下则会产生正规反射，当增加表面粗糙度后会使得射震波与反射震波之夹角增大，由上述两者结果可以发现，其结果可归因於反射震波之移动速度减缓所致，因此增加表面粗糙度必然会使震波反射有减弱的情况发生。

The experimetal results show that the flexural moment of the sample in the prebending direction is far bigger than that in the vertical direction to pre-bending and the spherical shape can be conquered during pre-loading laser peening forming to a great extent.

试验结果表明，在弹性预加载下，板料在弹性预弯方向获得的弯矩要比与弹性预弯垂直方向上的弯矩大得多，弹性预加载下激光喷丸成形可以有效地克服自由状态下激光喷丸件呈球形现象，激光喷丸件的曲率是自由状态下激光喷丸成形曲率的2～3倍；在相同曲率下，弹性预加载下激光喷丸成形件的表面粗糙度比自由状态下激光喷丸成形件的表面粗糙度要低1～2等级，因此弹性预加载下激光喷丸成形要优于自由状态下的激光喷丸成形。

Three kinds of cutting material were selected to machine stainless steel machining experiment such as ceramic cutting tools, cermets cutting tools and coated carbide cutting tools, in which the best range of each kind of tool material was founded. For example, LT55 was suitable to be machine lCrl8Ni9Ti as the cutting speed surpasses 120m/min and have a good wearable property.(3) Surface roughness was measured under different cutting conditions. Feed rate played the most important role in impacting surface roughness, and then cutting speed.(4) Chip patterns in different cutting speed with various cutting materials were analyzed. With the increase of turning speed, chip became shorter and was easy to be broken. For instance, serration chip appeared in high sped turning stainless steel with LT55;(5) Work hardening of austenitic stainless steel was analyzed.

陶瓷刀具LT55适合在Vc=120m/min以上切削加工不锈钢，耐磨性好；③通过试验研究了不同刀具材料高速车削加工1Cr18Ni9Ti不锈钢时的表面粗糙度，其中进给量对表面粗糙度的影响最为显著，其次为切削速度；④分析了不同刀具材料在不同切削速度下加工1Cr18Ni9Ti不锈钢的切屑形态，随着车削速度的提高，切屑变短且易断屑，其中LT55陶瓷刀具切削加工时产生了锯齿状切屑；⑤分析了奥氏体不锈钢的加工硬化机理及其对刀具磨损的影响；⑥根据试验结果分析在不同切削条件下切削不锈钢的刀具磨损形式及其磨损机理。

The flow field structure over wedges of 30 o, 40 o and 50o by shadowgraph technique, and the sandpaper has been used to change the surface roughness of the model wedges. The shock reflection over wedges of 30o and 40o are of Mach reflection.

本实验使用影图法来撷取於斜角为30、40及50度之楔行体斜面上震波反射的流场结构，并利用砂纸来改变模型表面之粗糙度，从极度光滑至表面砂纸平均粗糙度为0.0174cm共做四组实验来进行分析与比较。

According to the request of construction features, processing spot, size precision, surface roughness and productivity that diesel engine air cylinder, sets the machine tool for single location horizontal type modular machine tool. Considered to the factor of the size precision, surface roughness, scrap removes and productivity and so on of the work piece, selects the Hard alloy not grind type surface milling cutter.

根据柴油机气缸体的结构特点、加工部位、尺寸精度、表面粗糙度及生产率等要求，确定该机床为单工位卧式组合机床；考虑工件尺寸精度，表面粗糙度，切屑的排除及生产率等因素，选用硬质合金不重磨式面铣刀；根据工件的尺寸、特点及其材料选择切削用量；然后，再经过切削用量来确定组合机床的通用部件；最后进行组合机床的总体设计。

In this article, based on an analysis of the geometrical property for waviness and roughness,it is suggested that it is unnecessry to find a parameter of the complete separated component of waviness and roughness.

本文在分析表面波纹度和粗糙度几何特征的基础上，提出没有必要寻求一个截然分离表面波纹度和粗糙度参数的看法。

In Chapter 3 relaxation in growth with a conservation law is studied, and reduced roughness of the surface due to the effect of relaxation is found. The last chapter includes discussions of point defects in conservational surface growth.

第三章研究了守恒界面生长中界面弛豫效应的影响，发现弛豫作用使得守恒生长的界面粗糙程度下降；第四章研究了杂质点缺陷的存在对生长表面的影响，发现存在于生长的活跃表面层中的点缺陷会使表面的局域粗糙度增加。

The objective of this research is to observe and characterize both the surface roughness and aperture of rock joints in combination with the mechanical and hydromechanical behavior of rock joints and to draw some significant conclusions from the observation and analysis.

本文的研究目标是通过观察和定量描述岩石节理面的表面粗糙度和间隙幅，建立表面几何粗糙特性和力学及水理学特性的关系，并从观察和分析中得出一些有意义的结论。本文的第一章简要介绍了研究背景、研究目的和内容。

Remove surface laitance and provide sound and textured surface.

使用地坪打磨机和无尘封闭手提磨机去除表面粗糙物，并提供涂装对表面所要求的粗糙度。

Surface laitance and provide sound and textured surface.

使用地坪打磨机和无尘封闭手提磨机去除表面粗糙物，并提供涂装对表面所要求的粗糙度。

I can not make it blossom and suits me

我不能让树为我开花

When temperatures are above approximately 80 °C discolouration of the raceways or rolling elements is a frequent feature.

当温度高于 80 °C 左右时，滚道或滚动元件褪色是很常见的特征。