粗糙的

It is proved that the upper approximation of such fuzzy rough set in a fuzzy approximation space is just its image derived according to generalized extension principle and binary fuzzy similar relation.

通过对偶方式定义了模糊集的上、下近似算子，给出了模糊粗糙集在相应的模糊关系及模糊集的截集下的表示定理，证明了这种模糊粗糙集关于模糊近似空间的上近似恰为其在二元模糊相似关系下导出的广义扩张原理之下的像。

The results indicate that as the value of fractal dimension is increased, the interfacial static friction coefficient first increases and then decreases; the interfacial static friction coefficient decreases as the fractal roughness parameter increases; while the inter-facial static friction coefficient increases as the material property or total normal load increases; the curve of static friction coefficient versus dimensionless total normal load is convex when the fractal dimension becomes smaller or fractal roughness parameter is larger or material property becomes smaller.

研究结果表明：界面的静摩擦因数首先随分形维数的增加而增加，然后随分形维数的增加而减小；界面的静摩擦因数随分形粗糙度参数的增加而减小，但随材料特性的增加而增加，也随总法向载荷的增加而增加；当分形维数较小或分形粗糙度参数较大或材料特性较小时，静摩擦因数－量纲一的总法向载荷曲线为凸弧。

It can avoid overdoing the generalization.(3) Imputation of unknown values. To the incomplete information systems,the dissertation suggests a new method to impute the null values. The method is based on the extending model of rough sets and fully considers the consistence of data and dependency of attributes.

为了提高GDSS决策能力，本文提出了将粗糙集理论与层次分析法相结合的思想，利用粗糙集理论所确定的属性间的依赖关系，分析应用系统运行所积累的大量数据中各决策因素、决策者对决策目标的影响，构造具有完全一致性的个体判断矩阵和综合判断矩阵，建立自学习系统，克服决策者主观因素对决策结果的影响。

The main research content is: Using the experimental of cutting force and roughness of high speed face milling cutter and high speed end milling cutter mill aluminium alloy and cast iron, analyze the rules of the high speed milling velocity, feed rate per tooth, milling depth and milling width to high speed processing. Use multiple linear regression method, set up surface roughness and the cutting force fluctuation models. Certify the regression model notability, and provide a reliable guarantee for the accuracy of function optimization. Based on the targets of productivity, manufacturing cost, surface roughness, cutting force fluctuation optimization model, according to research of the high speed milling parameters selecting restrict of work piece, machine, tool and safety, set up high speed milling parameters multi-object optimization system.

本文以已有的高速铣削机理及高速刀具技术研究成果为基础，结合高速铣削试验，进行了基于遗传算法的高速铣削参数优化研究与系统开发，主要的研究内容为：通过高速面铣刀和高速立铣刀加工铝合金和铸铁等材料的切削力和表面粗糙度试验，进行了铣削速度、每齿进给量、铣削深度和铣削宽度对高速铣削加工过程影响的研究；采用多元线形回归的方法，建立了切削力及其振幅和表面粗糙度模型，并对模型的显著性进行验证，为高速铣削参数优化模型的建立奠定了基础。

The experimetal results show that the flexural moment of the sample in the prebending direction is far bigger than that in the vertical direction to pre-bending and the spherical shape can be conquered during pre-loading laser peening forming to a great extent.

试验结果表明，在弹性预加载下，板料在弹性预弯方向获得的弯矩要比与弹性预弯垂直方向上的弯矩大得多，弹性预加载下激光喷丸成形可以有效地克服自由状态下激光喷丸件呈球形现象，激光喷丸件的曲率是自由状态下激光喷丸成形曲率的2～3倍；在相同曲率下，弹性预加载下激光喷丸成形件的表面粗糙度比自由状态下激光喷丸成形件的表面粗糙度要低1～2等级，因此弹性预加载下激光喷丸成形要优于自由状态下的激光喷丸成形。

Three kinds of cutting material were selected to machine stainless steel machining experiment such as ceramic cutting tools, cermets cutting tools and coated carbide cutting tools, in which the best range of each kind of tool material was founded. For example, LT55 was suitable to be machine lCrl8Ni9Ti as the cutting speed surpasses 120m/min and have a good wearable property.(3) Surface roughness was measured under different cutting conditions. Feed rate played the most important role in impacting surface roughness, and then cutting speed.(4) Chip patterns in different cutting speed with various cutting materials were analyzed. With the increase of turning speed, chip became shorter and was easy to be broken. For instance, serration chip appeared in high sped turning stainless steel with LT55;(5) Work hardening of austenitic stainless steel was analyzed.

陶瓷刀具LT55适合在Vc=120m/min以上切削加工不锈钢，耐磨性好；③通过试验研究了不同刀具材料高速车削加工1Cr18Ni9Ti不锈钢时的表面粗糙度，其中进给量对表面粗糙度的影响最为显著，其次为切削速度；④分析了不同刀具材料在不同切削速度下加工1Cr18Ni9Ti不锈钢的切屑形态，随着车削速度的提高，切屑变短且易断屑，其中LT55陶瓷刀具切削加工时产生了锯齿状切屑；⑤分析了奥氏体不锈钢的加工硬化机理及其对刀具磨损的影响；⑥根据试验结果分析在不同切削条件下切削不锈钢的刀具磨损形式及其磨损机理。

In this paper, the principle and hardware of test system are designed and the step motor's control software is designed at the same time. The assessing methods of linearity errors are analyzed and the test methods of linearity, diameter and roughness are provided and the corresponding softwares are programmed with VB. At last, the test method of roughness without touch-light scattering is proposed.

论文对检测系统的原理及硬件电路进行了设计，同时对步进电机的控制软件进行了详细的设计；对直线度误差的评定方法进行了分析，分别给出了炮膛内径的直线度、直径及阴阳膛表面粗糙度的测量方法，并用VB 编写了相应的控制软件，最后提出了一种炮膛粗糙度非接触测量法—光散射法。

In Chapter 3 relaxation in growth with a conservation law is studied, and reduced roughness of the surface due to the effect of relaxation is found. The last chapter includes discussions of point defects in conservational surface growth.

第三章研究了守恒界面生长中界面弛豫效应的影响，发现弛豫作用使得守恒生长的界面粗糙程度下降；第四章研究了杂质点缺陷的存在对生长表面的影响，发现存在于生长的活跃表面层中的点缺陷会使表面的局域粗糙度增加。

Who ride wit us When the six-tray bounce, the street scrapin the bumper wit the sound for the summer that be thumpin and hummin Hoppin up the 'Shaw on a Sunday, what a fun day Dip skip trippin and whippin down the one-way Diggy Daz a busta ain't had enough against rough and rough but it's never too much Daz Kurupt, Kurupt and Daz on that ass We clash blast suckers just like a head on crash This ain't back in the day, you get taught and sprayed AK front to the back cause we hard to fade We enormous, we attackin it plus we swarmin to Rumble in the Jungle like Ali and Foreman Kurupt We rippin it up, we be givin it up On the daily homeboy we be givin it up We be cuttin it up, scufflin to muffle it up Homeboy Diggy Daz Who ride wit us Livin it up -- shakin, makin the hood turn Boil and burn, two buckets of yearn Flippin stickin fools for chicken, scrapin the curbs Scrappin for the domes straight to the head Thunderbird I'm on it homey, me and my homegirl Diamond Down with a nigga damn near before a nigga was rhymin Daz, my closest homeboy California lickin switches a couple toys Retirin ?

谁坐我们的智慧当六盘反弹，街头scrapin缓冲器智慧的声音的夏天是thumpin和hummin Hoppin了'肖星期日，什么是同乐日浸跳过trippin和whippin了单程 Diggy Daz 1布斯塔是没有足够的对粗糙和粗糙，但它从来没有太多 Daz Kurupt ， Kurupt和Daz的屁股上我们冲突爆炸吸盘一样的头部撞击这不是在一天，你就会得到教导和喷涂支AK回到前面的原因，我们很难褪色我们巨大的，我们attackin它加上我们swarmin 以火爆的森林，阿里和福尔曼 Kurupt 我们rippin它，我们将givin它巨蟹座的日常生活，我们是givin它我们将cuttin了， scufflin以抑制它巨蟹座Diggy Daz 谁坐我们的智慧它生存- shakin ，金之交的遮光罩煮沸和烧伤，两个水桶渴望 Flippin stickin傻瓜的鸡， scrapin的限制 Scrappin的穹顶直头部雷鸟我在这家，我和我的homegirl钻石下跌了近nigga该死在nigga是rhymin Daz ，我亲密的巨蟹座加利福尼亚州一对夫妇lickin开关玩具 Retirin ？

The central issue of rough sets theory is to classify analysing , a limitation of Pawlak rough sets model is that the classification which it deals with must be totally correct or definite,Because it classified according to the equivalences strictly,so its classification is accurate, namely " include " or not" include ", but the one that does not have to a certain extent" includes " or " belongs to ".

粗糙集理论的中心问题是分类分析，Pawlak粗糙集模型的一个局限性是它所处理的分类必须是完全正确的或肯定的，因为它是严格按照等价类来分类的，因而它的分类是精确的，亦即&包含&或&不包含&，而没有某种程度上的&包含&或&属于&。

In the negative and interrogative forms, of course, this is identical to the non-emphatic forms.

。但是，在否定句或疑问句里，这种带有"do"的方法表达的效果却没有什么强调的意思。

Go down on one's knees;kneel down

屈膝跪下。。。下跪祈祷