粗糙度

The results show that the surface roughness decreases with increase of the inclination angles within the range of 10° to 30°. After the angle approaches to 30°, increase of the inclination angle causes increase of the surface roughness. Furthermore, the effect of inclination angles on cutting speed was investigated.

研究结果表明：工件倾角的大小对已加工表面粗糙度有明显的影响，在倾角为10°～30°时，表面粗糙度随着工件倾角的增大而降低；此后，随着倾角的进一步增加，表面粗糙度有所升高。

Experiments show that the improve coarseness has higher texture discriminability and better rotation invariance, and that the image retrieval result based on the improved coarseness is superior to that based on the previous coarseness.

实验表明，改进纹理粗糙度具有更强的纹理分辨能力和更好的旋转不变性，基于改进纹理粗糙度的图像检索结果优于基于原有纹理粗糙度的图像检索结果。

This paper deals with the necessity for carrying out the measurement of the gear tooth face roughness, introduces the present ways of checking and measuring, and also lays emphasis on recommending principles, ways of operating and measured results of a newly-set instrument used in our university.

本文阐述了广泛开展齿轮齿面粗糙度测量的必要性，以及目前对齿面粗糙度的检查和测量方法，重点介绍我校使用的测量齿面粗糙度的"新装置"的测量原理、测量方法及测量结果分析。

The precision lapping technology to machine the copper substrate using semi-fixed abrasive plate was studied. The surface roughness and material removal rate as the evaluation of indicators, the influences of the different lapping parameters on the surface roughness and material removal rate were discussed and analyzed. Experimental results indicated that the copper substrate could be efficiently machined by semi-fixed abrasive plate of 800(superscript #) SiC abrasive, and the initial roughness Ra of a machined surface could be improved from 0.553μm to 0.28μm in 10min, produced an ideal rarely scratch surface. Then processed copper polished by diamonded grinding paste, it could be satisfied for the Ni-Pd-P alloy thin film growth.

主要研究半固着磨具精密研磨非晶态Ni-Pd-P合金薄膜铜片衬底，以铜片衬底的表面粗糙度和材料去除率为评价指标，探讨了研磨过程中不同的工艺参数对铜片表面粗糙度和材料去除率的影响结果表明：用800 SiC半固着磨具对铜片衬底进行研磨加工，10min后铜片表面粗糙度Ra可由0553μm减小到0.28μm，同时表面无深划痕：加工后的铜片再经金刚石研磨膏抛光可快速获得满足Ni-Pd-P合金薄膜生长用的铜片衬底表面。

The standard workpiece of the ring compression test by Lee and Altan will be used in this report. The specimen will first annealed to eliminate the internal stress and then through different ways of machining to produce different roughness of surface and different direction of machining marks. The ring compression test with various lubricants and dry friction were carried out at room temperature. The experiment results were drawn on the diagram of friction factor developed by Lee and Altan to compare the influence of the roughness of surface to plastic forming with or without lubricants.

实验将依Lee and Altan压环试验所用之标准压环试片进行，实验试片先经退火处理消除内应力，再将试片以各种不同之加工方式制作成具有不同的表面粗糙度，与不同刀痕方向之摩擦面，再於常温环境下实施乾摩擦与添加不同润滑剂之压环试验，将实验结果所得之数据绘制於Lee and Altan之定剪摩擦系数图中，以比较其不同表面粗糙度对塑性成形之影响，同时也说明在各种不同表面粗糙度下添加各种润滑剂对成形之影响。

Based on geometrical and physics optics, the principle of light scattering method to measure surface roughness was analyzed. The mirror and diffraction model were set up which show there is a quantitatively corresponding relationship between light's intensity distribution of reflected flare—light scattered band and surface roughness parameters.

作者通过对光学非接触表面粗糙度、微位移测量单元技术进行分析，确定以结构简单、测量速度快的光散射法测量表面粗糙度；以光散射法测量表面粗糙度和光学三角法测量微位移这两种不同工作原理和功能的光电传感器作为集成对象，使二者实现相同光源、相同光路、相同光敏接收器的光电传感器集成。

Basic symbols;Coatings;Definition;Definitions;Dimensions;Drawing specifications;Drawings;Engineering drawings;Finishes;Geometric;Geometrical product specification;GPS;Graphic representation;Graphic symbols;Inscriptions in a drawing;Letterings;Machining;Machining tolerances;Marks;Product specifications;Production processes;Products documentation;Ratings;Reference length;Reference lines;Representation of characters;Roughness;Roughness value;Specification;Statement;Surface properties;Surface roughness;Surface texture;Surface treatment;Surface-roughness measurement;Surfaces;Symbols;Technical drawing;Treatment;Wear-quantity

中文标题产品几何量技术规范。技术产品文件中表面结构的表示方式中文主题词图形表示；参考长度；尺寸；加工公差；表面性质；产品规范；覆层；制图规范；精整；表面粗糙度；粗糙度；表面粗糙度测定；表面结构；磨损量；图纸标题；表面处理；技术制图；几何的；基准线；图形符号；符号；标记；加工工艺；文字书写；产品文件；定义；表面；粗糙度值；工程图；额定值；产品几何量技术规范；GPS；叙述；处理；图纸；机械加工；字符表示；基础符号；规范验收

Inner surface images of PS and PAMS micro-shells were obtained with PSI method.The results are consistent with the measured results by atomic force microscope.The measurement error is analyzed by studying the influence of thickness fluctuation of micro-she...

以微球壳层对超光滑碳化硅及单晶硅片表面形貌的调制作用为研究对象，讨论了微球的外表面粗糙度以及微球壁厚对内表面粗糙度测量结果的影响，确定了相移干涉法测量微球内表面粗糙度的不确定度，实验结果表明：对于表面粗糙度小于30 nm、厚度小于9μm的微球，测量不确定度小于0.4 nm。

The main factors affecting the surface roughness of wood are: species, method of machining, radial or tangential section and cell structure of wood surface.

针叶材粗糙度和粗糙感的分布范围较阔叶材的窄，阔叶材的粗糙感主要受粗糙度的影响，针叶材的粗糙感主要来源于木材的年轮宽度。

The wind velocity increased with the increase of height on bare sandy land under neutrosphere, but the roughness decreased with the increase of wind velocity, which was not so significant that it could be ignored.

利用曲线拟合方法研究其粗糙度结果表明：对于稳定床面来说，下垫面的状况不发生改变时，粗糙度与风速的增长呈负相关关系，但是由于两者相关程度并不显著，因此在实际工作中可以忽略风速对粗糙度的影响。

The absorption and distribution of chromium were studied in ryeusing nutrient culture technique and pot experiment.

采用不同浓度K2CrO4(0，0.4，0.8和1.2 mmol/L)的Hoagland营养液处理黑麦幼苗，测定铬在黑麦体内的亚细胞分布、铬化学形态及不同部位的积累。

By analyzing theory foundation of mathematical morphology in the digital image processing, researching morphology arithmetic of the binary Image, discussing two basic forms for the least structure element: dilation and erosion.

通过分析数学形态学在图像中的理论基础，研究二值图像的形态分析算法，探讨最小结构元素的两种基本形态：膨胀和腐蚀；分析了数学形态学复杂算法的基本原理，把数学形态学的部分并行处理理念引入到家实际应用中。