粗化

After quenching, the phases of the composite are as same as the as-cast composite, but the morphography of TiC particulate was transformed from square to sphere, some TiC particulates coarsen due to the precipitation of the solid-soluble TiC particulates; the other TiC particulates change into the smaller spherical particulates due to the solution of the sharpangled portion of the quadrate TiC particulates.

热处理后，复合材料的相组成不变，但是TiC颗粒由方形变成球形，固溶析出的TiC颗粒在某些TiC颗粒的表面沉积，使后者粗化；另一些方形颗粒的尖角处溶解形成直径更小的球形TiC颗粒。

During thermal exposure, some structural changes such interfacial defect migration, noncontinuous coarsening are easy to occur in the alloy with small grain size/average interlamellar spacing. So the small grain size/average interlamellar spacing is generally disadvantageous to thermal stability of lamellar microstructure.

另外，具有较小片层晶粒与平均片层间距的合金经过热暴露以后容易发生了片层界面缺陷迁移，不连续粗化等一些结构变化，不有利于片层组织的热稳定性。

However, the parallelization of AMG is challenging because of the component of grid coarsening is sequential.

因此，长期以来，网格粗化策略的串行本性一直是阻碍其应用于大规模并行计算的关键因素。

High temperature increased the aspect ratioof rodlike grains. More additives increased the diameter of both equiaxed and rodlike grains.

温度升高有利于柱状颗粒长径比的提高，添加剂量的增加使显微结构粗化。

Objective To study the effects of different surface roughing treatments on ceramic microstructure.

目的：观察不同瓷表面粗化处理方式对瓷微观结构改变的影响。

The geology research of carbonate reservoirs in Ordovician of Tahe oilfield showed that many large dissolved vugs and fractures were developed. The spread of the reservoir take on a very heterogeneous state. And the typical fractured-vuggy reservoirs was formed. According to the combination of the various spaces, the formation was divided into vuggy formation, fractured-vuggy formation and fractured formation. The research showed that development of the vug is relevant to the its position on the structure, the fractures, the water surface and the weathering surface. Multi-phase charge and recharge of the oil in the reservoirs resulted in the complexity of the fluid distribution. So the"Bottle Model"was brought forward to explain the movement of the water-oil contact. The special storage space and the complex fluid distribution lead to the unstability of the production and the complexity of the water cut. In order to explain the characteristic of the fracture-vug unit was brought forward and the basic principle and method of the partition of the fracture-vug unit was formed. The classification and evaluation of the units were performed according the reserve and energy. Based on the research of geology characteristic and the fluid flow in the reservoir the comprehensive numerical simulation plan of the fractured-vuggy reservoirs were established. Through the selection of the simulation unit, fluid flow type and parameter equivalent the triple media reservoir simulation model was established. Considering the practical application the model was resolved by the DKR decomposition conjugate grads method. Based on the fine reservoir description of Dsitrict IV of the Tahe oilfield the various space type were classified and combined together. The geology model of Unit S48 was constructed. Two typical single well model was established according to the geology and the dynamic phenomena. Finally the single well model and the Unit S48 were simulated by the triple media reservoir simulator. Via the local grid refinement and coarsening in the simulation good matchs were gained. Based on the results of the simulation the reserve distribution, percent of reserve produced in various space and the natural energy were analyzed. The fluid was storaged in the fractures and vugs mostly and more than 90% the produced oil came from the systems. The energy belonged to the active one. The results of simulation accorded with the fact and showed the validity and practicability the research and the simulator.

塔河油田奥陶系碳酸盐岩油藏的地质研究表明，其储层中发育着很多大型的溶蚀洞、缝，储层的平面展布呈现出极度的非均质性，形成了典型的缝洞型碳酸盐岩油藏，根据各种孔隙介质在储层中的组合，将储层分为了溶洞型、裂缝-溶洞型和裂缝型三类；研究表明溶洞储层的发育和构造位置、裂缝的发育、潜水面和风化面的位置等因素有关；多期充注的油气成藏模式导致了流体复杂的赋存状态，由此提出了所谓的&瓶子模型&，解释生产过程中油水界面的变化；特殊的储集空间类型和流体分布特征导致油田在开发过程中表现出很大的不确定性和含水变化的复杂性，为了合理的解释油气田开发过程中的动态特征，提出了&缝洞单元&的概念，并制定了&缝洞单元&纵横向划分的基本原则和依据及划分方法，并对&缝洞单元&进行了分类和评价；基于地质特征和流体在其中流动规律的研究，提出了缝洞型碳酸盐岩油藏的数值模拟综合解决方案，通过模拟单元的选择、流动类型和参数的等效，建立了三重介质油藏三维三相数值模拟模型，采用不完全LU分解预处理共轭梯度法进行了求解；在塔河油田4区精细油藏描述的基础上，将各种类型的孔隙空间进行了归类组合，建立了S48单元的地质模型；通过对油井生产动态进行分析研究，建立了两类和油井地质、生产动态相对应的单井模型；最后应用三重介质油藏数值模拟软件对单井模型和S48单元进行了数值模拟，通过局部加密和粗化等技术模拟流体流动规律，取得了很好的拟合效果；结合数值模拟结果，分析了各种介质中的储量分布、储量产出的百分比以及地层的能量，认为塔河油田缝洞型油藏中流体绝大多数储集于缝洞系统之中，所产出流体90%以上也来自于缝洞系统，其底水能量属于较充足的类型；模拟结果和油田实际情况符合较好，说明了地质研究和油藏数值模拟研究的正确性。

Experimental and theoretical studies on an armoring layer are made.

提 要 从试验和理论角度对床面冲刷形成粗化层问题作了研究。

Results after the reservoir s building,the maximum variation was scouring and armoring for river bed downstream reservoir.

天然河流修建水库后，下游河道发生的最大变化就是河床冲刷粗化。

The results show that the grain is not coarsened and the cavity rate is less than 1.5%.

结果表明，成形零件的微观组织无明显粗化，其孔洞率小于1.5%。

Past lives coarsened by time's reign.

过去的生活粗化时间的统治地位。

With Death guitarist Schuldiner adopting vocal duties, the band made a major impact on the scene.

随着死亡的吉他手Schuldiner接受主唱的职务，乐队在现实中树立了重要的影响。

But he could still end up breakfasting on Swiss-government issue muesli because all six are accused of nicking around 45 million pounds they should have paid to FIFA.

不过他最后仍有可能沦为瑞士政府&议事餐桌&上的一道早餐，因为这所有六个人都被指控把本应支付给国际足联的大约4500万英镑骗了个精光。