粗化

During -55~125℃ thermal fatigue, the microstructures will coarsen inhomogeneously.

在热疲劳过程中，显微组织将不均匀粗化，其中尤以过渡区AuSn〓和β-Sn粗化最为显著。

When the precipitate is not yet coarsened as shorter in rupture life, the precipitation hardening effect may be intensified by the increasing of precipitate, so that the high temperature strength may be raised by the increase of W content, while the precipitate may coarsen markedly and the precipitation hardening effect may reduce on heating for sufficient long time.

在持久寿命较短时，析出相来不及粗化，析出量的增加造成了析出强化效果的加强，即钨量的增加提高了高温强度；而当长时间加热后，析出相发生了明显的粗化，降低了析出强化效果。

The slight redissolution and then coarseness of primary Si phase at higher annealing temperature had been found,but the coarsening ratio of primary Si phase was lower than that of β-Al4FeSi.

退火温度低于310℃时，δ-Al4FeSi2相未明显粗化；当退火温度高于310℃时，亚稳相δ-Al4FeSi2转变成稳定相β-Al5FeSi，β-Al5FeSi相随退火温度的提高而明显粗化。

The result showed that toughness of coarse-grain zone in X70 grade steel pipe HAZ was weak.Coarse grain,granular bainite,high binate and other unbalance low temperature variation result in quantity increasing. In addition to,impact toughness of coarse grain zone decrease with the t8/5 increasing.

结果表明：粗晶区是X70级管线钢热影响区中韧性较差的区域，粗晶区韧性恶化主要是晶粒粗化以及粒状贝氏体、上贝氏体等非平衡低温转变产物数量增多造成的，且粗晶区的冲击韧性随着 t8/5 的增加而降低。

The rapid coarsing of precipitates at powder surface through surface diffusion and its application in the improvement of the fracture properties of hipped Rene'95 will be not only important in theory, but also in practice.

粉末表面析出物通过表面扩散快速粗化，以及利用这种粗化改善粉末压坯的断裂性能的发现有很大的实用价值，为利用预处理方法解决Rene′95粉末高温合金中的原始颗粒边界问题，生产低成本高性能的粉末材料奠定了理论基础。

The coarsing rate is much higher than that expected by volume diffusion. It coarsens by short circuit powder surface diffusion.

预处理时，表面析出相的粗化速度很高，其机理不是通常的体扩散，而是一种表面扩散方式的粗化。

Surface roughening is very important in arc spraying, as the coating quality depends greatly on its treatment result.

表面粗化在电弧喷涂中具有重要作用，涂层质量很大程度上取决于表面粗化预处理的效果。

Traditional copper surface roughening treatment involve the use of arsenide-containing electrolyte which is harmful to environment.

对铜箔表面进行粗化处理，传统的粗化工艺中要使用砷化物，不仅操作不便而且危害环境。

Based on present researches,by means of modern measurement and analysis techniques,systemic laboratory experiments,field investigations and through theory researches were conducted.And following are the major points and achievements presented in this dissertation:①The micro-convexity on fracture plane was studied.Analyzing and comparing the static attribute and dynamic variation of natural fracture with the artificial,untreated fracture,artificial and scabbled fracture as well,making out the criteria that artificial and scabbled fracture simulate natural fracture.②We take the effect of all the three primary stresses and stress invariant into account in the Lade-dbl yield criterion,which can preferably reflect all the yield and destruction characteristic of the rock material.

结合裂缝性储层应力敏感性研究现状，利用现代化测试手段，通过系列的室内实验以及深入的理论探讨，本文取得的研究成果包括以下几个方面：①从裂缝面上的微凸体入手，分析和对比了天然裂缝、人工但未经过处理的裂缝，以及经过粗化处理以后的人工裂缝的静态特征和动态变化，指出了经过粗化处理以后的人工裂缝模拟天然裂缝的依据；②Lade双曲服面屈服准则考虑了所有三个主应力或应力不变量对屈服与破坏的影响，能够较好的反应岩石材料的所有屈服和破坏特性。

The microstructure evolution of spray formed high silicon aluminum alloy s which arte reheat to semi-solid state and soaped in semi-solid temperature has been studied in this paper.

本文研究了喷射沉积高硅铝合金在半固态保温过程中组织演变规律，结果表明喷射沉积高硅铝合金在半固态保温过程中硅相的粗化符合 Ostwald 粗化规律，数学回归分析表明硅相平均直径的三次方与保温时间成正比例。

With Death guitarist Schuldiner adopting vocal duties, the band made a major impact on the scene.

随着死亡的吉他手Schuldiner接受主唱的职务，乐队在现实中树立了重要的影响。

But he could still end up breakfasting on Swiss-government issue muesli because all six are accused of nicking around 45 million pounds they should have paid to FIFA.

不过他最后仍有可能沦为瑞士政府&议事餐桌&上的一道早餐，因为这所有六个人都被指控把本应支付给国际足联的大约4500万英镑骗了个精光。