粒子

This is the history of particle filter is very famous bootstrap method wo...

这是粒子滤波历史上非常著名的bootstrap算法，值得研究。

On the other hand, in order to contact to practical application and combine the actual experimental condition, we can make some elementary research on the application of boron nitride which has been synthesized.

将合成的纳米氮化硼材料进行表面改性，改善纳米粉体表面的润湿性，增强了其在介质中的界面相容性，使氮化硼纳米粒子容易在有机化合物中分散，提高了氮化硼纳米粉体的应用性能。

The mechanism by which particles acquire different mass values is unknown, and finding evidence for the existence of the Higgs boson would address this fundamental mystery of nature.

该机制的粒子获得不同质量的价值是未知的，并找到证据的存在，希格斯玻色子将解决这一根本奥秘的性质。

Moreover, we study the effects of a Kaluza-Klein excited W boson on the cross section of the single top production at the Tevatron.

此外，我们也研究了Kaluza-Klein的激发态粒子对强子对撞机上的单top产生过程的影响。

According to Bouguer's theory the expression of the scattering intensity of particles is obtained. Then in the field of view of the receiver, the distribution of scattering intensity is simulated.

根据布格尔定律导出了群体粒子对激光束的散射光强表达式，然后在接收器视场角范围内，模拟了散射光强的分布情况。

However, the application of particle boundary condition may destroy the validity of the method.

我们针对不同的粒子边界条件提出了解决方法，得到了较好的效果。

The particle swarm optimization is improved to overcome the difficulty in finding the shooting point of two-point boundary value problem.

针对打靶法中打靶点寻找困难的问题，提出了一种改进的粒子群算法。

A white bounding box around the particles indicates that the point cloud is selected.

环绕粒子的一个白色的方块显示点云为选择状态。

The main jobs of this dissertation are as following: Chapter one firstly describes the essential of collision detection problem, according which most the collision detection algorithms were classified into seven categories. Then a survey on hierarchy bounding volume, surface simplification and the particle swarm optimization is presented, which is the basis of the new frameworks.

本文的主要工作为：第一章概述了碰撞检测问题，把目前的碰撞检测算法分为八大类，主要介绍了与本文算法相关的层次包围盒技术和基于随机方法的碰撞检测技术，并详述了作为BASIC-PSO碰撞检测算法基础的粒子群优化搜索技术。

Then the particle swarm optimization is introduced to collision detection area. In this dissertation, it also proposes two novel framework which combines the exist techniques of hierarchy bounding volume and surface simplification with the PSO. We have tested the frameworks in our "Haptic Interactive System ". The new frameworks performance well for most models in virtual scene.

本文探索和研究了虚拟环境中广泛使用的碰撞检测算法，尝试把几何模型的碰撞检测问题转化为优化搜索问题，把粒子群优化搜索技术引入碰撞检测领域，并结合碰撞检测领域现有的层次包围盒技术和网格简化技术，组成新颖的限时干涉检测算法框架，即用户可以方便地控制分配给碰撞检测算法的时间，尝试去克服这一技术瓶颈。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。