粒子

By virtue of the assumption, in the framework of the classical scattering theory of the interaction between incident particles and a surface, a self-consistent local model for the interaction of atomic oxygen with surface materials on the spacecraft was developed based on the kinetic theory of molecular reaction.

该模型根据入射粒子轰击材料表面的响应强度，将相互作用区域分解为强干扰、边缘及弱干扰等三个区域，分别建立了相应区域的动力学模型方程。为了量化边缘区域粒子的耗散效应，本论文引入估算材料的Debye温度的Lindemann定律，并结合热容理论的Debye模型给出边缘区域分子间阻尼运动的摩擦系数。

A method is put forward to find the better ε of the ε-non-sensitive loss function based on the particle swarm optimization. The simulation result shows the regression support vector machines take far fewer times than using the way of latticework searching to get the desired result the efficience is improved greatly and optimal ε is obtained.

本文给出了一种基于粒子群优化算法的、对ε不敏感损失函数的ε参数寻优的方法，仿真结果表明：采用基于粒子群优化算法的寻优方法寻找ε参数，需要重复训练回归支持向量机模型的次数明显小于格点搜索方法，节省了大量的时间并且能找到较优的ε值。

In this case, dust of the same size can levitate at two different positions in the cathode.

另外还发现：在考虑极板有强电子束发射和尘埃粒子本身的二次电子发射时，同一大小的尘埃粒子能够悬浮在鞘层中两个不同的位置。

Based on imaging technique, the shape measurement method and light scattering characteristics of static aerosol particles are investigated. The experimental apparatus is set up and the main effort is paid on the design of the scattering chamber and the optical fiber arrangement. The air-proof and the light-proof scattering chamber are designed for dynamic aerosol particles, and they are different from those for static aerosol particles. The control of airflow and the calibration procedure are also developed.

2针对静态气溶胶粒子，提出了基于成像法检测其形状与散射的方案，以散射腔为核心，确定了光纤插孔的排布，研制出"中正式"结构的实验装置；针对动态气溶胶粒子，设计了密封和光封的独特散射腔，实施了流量控制，制订了定标方案，初步完成了满足动态气溶胶粒形统计要求的实验装置。

In the mixture of particle filters, the existence of each tracked target is detected by using the sequential likelihood ratio test estimated by the output of the component particle filter.

在混合粒子滤波器中，利用每个分量粒子滤波器的输出信息，根据序列似然比假设检验，检测每个被跟踪目标的存在性。

Angular momentum: The vector product of the position vector and the linear momentum of a particle .

角动量：的矢量和粒子线性动量的向量积。一个完全新的粒子可以由于固体或液体表面因分裂或碎裂而形成。

Traditional Swarm Optimization algorithm can not choose parameters according to practical problem,and plunge into the local extremum point easily at the end of the searching.

针对传统粒子群优化算法不能根据实际问题自行选择参数，搜索后期容易陷入局部最优的缺点，提出了一种基于随机摄动的复合粒子群优化算法。

When charged particles move in the magnetic field, they will experience an electromagnetic force called Lorentz force which is orthogonal to both the direction of velocity and magnetic field.

当带电的粒子在电磁场中运动时，会感受到电场与磁场的作用力，这个电磁力垂直於粒子的速度以及磁场方向。

In the first part, we have reviewed the application of nanoparticle in luminous analysis.

第一部分对纳米粒子的在发光分析中的应用进行了评述，并对纳米粒子在化学发光分析中的研究应用进行了展望。

We got that,the charged particles be binded in this field,and canonly move along the magnetic line of force as spiral motion and the positive charges andnegative charges moved in opposite direction which be fromed the big molecular groups thatbe hardly absorption,by means of incrustation preventing.

讨论了轴对称非均匀磁场对带电粒子的作用，分析了"磁约束"对防垢、除垢的微观机理，指出满足磁约束理论的轴对称非均匀磁场的防垢，除垢效果好的原因，正是由于在这种磁场中，带电粒子的运动被约束在一定磁面上的某一磁感应线附近做以该磁感应线为中心的螺旋运动，且正、负离子的回旋方向相反，从而形成内部相互作用较弱的大分子簇团不易吸附在管壁上，达到防垢目的；磁化水的渗透压较大，可起到除垢效果。

But we don't care about Battlegrounds.

但我们并不在乎沙场中的显露。

Ah! don't mention it, the butcher's shop is a horror.

啊！不用提了。提到肉，真是糟透了。