粒

Mapping of QTLs underlying grain length, grain breadth and grain weight was performed, using the complete SSR maker linkage map (the other six chromosomes were constructed by another student) and the statistical method of composite interval mapping. A total of 13 QTLs were detected, 5 for GL, 5 for GB and 3 for GW QTLs g13 and gw5 showed the largest effects on GL and GW respectively, explaining 17.36% and 21.33% of phenotypic variances of the traits.

利用完整的SSR标记图谱（另外6条染色体由另一位研究生完成，应用复合区间定位法（Composite Interval Mapping，简称 CIM；Zeng，1994；Wu等，1996）对影响稻谷粒长、粒宽和粒重的QTL进行了全基因组扫描。

Methods PNA conjugated FISH (Fluorescence in situ hybridization)-FITC was performed on paraffin sections from melanoma,melanoma metastases and common naevi, respectively.

应用肽核苷酸探针标记荧光原位杂交—荧光素异硫氰酸法检测黑色素瘤、转移黑色素瘤及黑色素痣石蜡切片中的端粒，以荧光显微镜、激光共聚焦显微镜生成图像，并详细记录细胞核平均面积、端粒数目、端粒面积。

Methods pna conjugated fish (fluorescence in situ hybridization)-fitc was performed on paraffin sections from melanoma,melanoma metastases and common naevi, respectively. telomere mean maximum diameter, area and number per nuclear area were calculated by image analysis on fluorescence images elaborated through confocal laser scanning microscope and fluorescence microscope.

应用肽核苷酸探针标记荧光原位杂交—荧光素异硫氰酸法检测黑色素瘤、转移黑色素瘤及黑色素痣石蜡切片中的端粒，以荧光显微镜、激光共聚焦显微镜生成图像，并详细记录细胞核平均面积、端粒数目、端粒面积。

The results are as follow:The diploid chromosome number of Taihe Silkies was 2n=78,the basic number of chromosome arms was AF=90 and the sex chromosome type was ZZ/ZW.According to the measured relative length,arm ratio and centromeric index,the first 10 pairs of macro-chromosomes are described as follows:No.1 ,9 and Z,W chromosomes were metacentrics,No.2,4,7 were submetacentrics,and No.3,6,8,10 were telocentrics.Studies on Taihe Silkies′ G-band showed that the first 10 pairs of macro-chromosomes can be divided into 29 zones and 190 bands.

结果表明：泰和乌骨鸡体细胞染色体数目2n=78，染色体基本臂数AF=90，1、9号染色体及Z、W性染色体为中央着丝粒染色体，2、4、7号染色体为亚中央着丝粒染色体，3、6、8、10号染色体为端着丝粒染色体。G带研究表明：前10对大型染色体可分为29个区，190条带。C带处理发现，所有母鸡分裂相中W性染色体都出现C带并整条深染。

In this study, the replicon of the largestdetected plasmid pBMB 165 and the smallest plasmid pBMB 175 of strain YBT-1765 werecharacterized.

该菌株至少含有三个内生质粒，本文对其可检测到的最大质粒pBMB165的复制区和最小质粒pBMB175的研究结果如下： 1。

A size-classified bituminous coal was pyrolyzed in a laboratory drop tube furnace at different heating rates.

将不同粒径烟煤在实验室沉降炉中进行了不同加热速率下的热解实验，研究了煤粉粒径及其加热速率对煤粒膨胀特性的影响。

In order to elucidate the regulation mechanism of RU5 region to BFV gene expression, BFV3026 provirus DNA was used to construct the plasmids containing different deletion of R region, which were cotransfected with luc report gene locatied behind the IP promoter to BL12 cells, and luciferase activities was assayed, confirming that U5 region could repress the initiation function of LTR as well as IP. The BFV structure genes with different deletion of R region were cloned closely behind to heterogenous CMV promoter, then transfected to 293T cells, RT activity was performed, testifying the R region was required for BFV pol gene expression, and also the function domain was identified within the 100n.t. sequence at the 5′end.

以牛泡沫病毒(Bovine foamy virus， BFV)中国株BFV3026原病毒DNA为材料，构建R区系列缺失质粒，通过对其转染细胞中RT水平及对缺失质粒与luc报告质粒共转染细胞中萤火虫荧光素酶活性的测定，确立U5区对于BFV3026两类启动子LTR和IP均具有负调控作用；同时将带有不同R区的BFV3026结构基因片段克隆于异源启动子CMV之下，通过对其转染细胞293T中RT酶活性的测定，确立R区对于病毒结构基因pol的表达具有一定的调节作用，并将其功能区域初步界定在R区5′端100bp内。

YR-cohesion chromosome model will give a better answer to the questions such as exchange,centromere,holocentromere,synaptonemal complex,polytene chromosome,puff,lampbrush chromosome,chromosome banding,non-segregation of sister chromatid,pollentube pathway and biological evolution.

YR-染色体模型能自然、合理地解释所有遗传现象，如交换、着丝粒、全身着丝粒或弥散型着丝粒染色体、同源染色体联会及联会复合体的中央区、多线染色体与膨突、灯刷染色体、染色体分带、姊妹染色体由前期到中期不分开、花粉管会导入外源遗传物质、高等生命是怎样从原始生物进化而来的等等。

Three plasmids named pBSGt pBSGd and pBSGk were constructed respectively with two plasmids named pEGH and pBS305. The plasmid pEGH contained gfp gene and pBS305 is an E. coli -Rhodococcus shuttle vector. These constructed plasmids can be used to detect the efficiency of promoter.

以带有报告基因gfp的质粒pEGH和大肠杆菌-红球菌穿梭载体pBS305为出发质粒，构建了三个带有不同启动子的表达质粒pBSGt、pBSGd和pBSGk，电击转化红平红球菌LY822。

Therefore, by comparing particle distribution of the spraying under different water pressure, and the nozzle's outlet velocity simulation get by Ansys, which is a software for mechanical simulation, a proposal of the application of 1.5mm nozzle, 8Mpa water pressure on the spot was put forward.

在比较多种光学测粒仪的基础上，选择Winner313系统测量不同孔径喷嘴在不同供水压力下喷雾雾场的粒径分布。通过分析比较喷嘴在不同压力下喷雾雾场的粒径分布和Ansys模拟得到的喷嘴内部及出水口速度场，建议现场应用1.5mm喷嘴、供水压力为8MPa进行喷雾。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。