类

Moreover, according to element compositions in mussels, these fishes were divided into three groups. The first group was characteristic with low phosphorus and high C/N ratio including Engraulis japonicus, Conger myriaster and Scomberomorus niphonius. The second had low phosphorus and low C/N ratio including fishes such as lower and middle carnivores such as Pseudosciaena polyactis, Platycephalus indicus and Argyrosomus argentatus. The third included some cold temperatefishes such as Scomberomorus niphonius and Liparis tanakae that were high phosphorus and low C/N ratio.

此外，根据鱼类的肌肉元素组成，将鱼类分为3类：第一类的主要特征为低磷、高C／N比值，主要包括鳀鱼、星康吉鳗和带鱼；第二类种类最多，主要包括小黄鱼、鲬和白姑鱼等中、低级肉食性鱼类，其元素组成特征为低磷、低C／N比值，；第三类的主要大泷六线鱼、细纹狮子鱼等冷温性鱼种为主，元素组成特点为高磷、低C／N比。

In this study, the phylogeny of the temperate woody bamboos was reconstructed based on eight non-coding regions of the chloroplast genome and nuclear gene GBSSI using large sample set (124 species in 24 genera) with an emphasis on the Arundinaria group. The monophyly of the temperate woody bamboos was resolved in all phylogenies.

通过大量的野外补点采集和观察，本文收集了温带木本竹类中的24属124种研究材料，利用8个叶绿体非编码区片段以及核基因GBSSI序列数据，以青篱竹属群为主，重建温带木本竹类的系统发育，结果支持温带木本竹类的单系。

The autotoxicity is one of the mechanisms and obstacle effects occurred from continuous cropping.

自毒作用是连作障碍的发生机制之一，该作用主要是由有机酸、醛类芳香酸、香豆素、醌类、生物碱和类萜等植物次生代谢产物及其分解产物所引起的。

The aerobic bacteria andtotal microorganism were the highest in autumn and the lowest in winter;Theactinomycetes was the highest in spring and the lowest in winter;The rhizospherefungi was the highest in autumn and the lowest in winter, the non-rhizosphere fungi was the highest in spring and the lowest in winter.The average microorganism"s R/Sof four seasons in Eucalyptus grandis plantation is 1.40,the aerobic bacteria"s averageR/S of four seasons is 1.40,the actinomyeetes"s average R/S of four seasons is 1.40,thefungi"s average R/S of four seasons is 1.41.The uprightness distribution rule ofrhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soil microorganism in Eucalyptus grandis plantationwere the same,the trend is surface layer(0-20cm)＞middle layer(20-40cm)＞underlayer(40-60cm).Compared with the amount of microorganism in 2004, the amount ofmicroorganism in 2006 had a definite drop.

好气性细菌及微生物总数量秋季最高、冬季最低；放线菌数量春季最高、冬季最低；真菌数量根系土壤秋季最高、冬季最低，根外土壤春季最高、冬季最低；巨桉人工林三大类微生物四季的平均R／S值1.40，好气性细菌四个季度平均R／S值1.40，放线菌四个季度平均R／S值1.40，真菌四个季度平均R／S值1.41；巨桉人工林两样地根系与根外土壤微生物垂直分布规律一致，土壤微生物三大类及微生物总数量的垂直变化总的趋势是表层(0～20cm)＞中层(20～40cm)＞下层(40～60cm)；相比较2004年土壤微生物数量，2006年三大类数量及微生物总数均有一定程度的下降。

Dark brown forest soil in Taoshan are 5 subgroups, 9 soil geneus and 16 soil species in total; there are 4 soil types and 9 subgroups of azonal soil.

该地区为暗棕壤，共有五个亚类，九个土属，十六个土种；非地带性土壤有4个土类、九个亚类。

The value of current density and the apparent active energy of electroreduction of substituted nitrobenzene depend on the electronic effect of substituted group and space resistance. o,m,p-chloronitrobenzene will be electroreduced to azoxy compounds by taking three electrons, o,m-nitrotoulene and o,m-nitrobenzoic acid will be reduced to phenol compounds by taking four electrons, and p-nitrotoulene will be reduced to the aniline by taking six electrons. According to these results, the electroreduction mechanism of the substituted aryl nitro-compounds was studied in detail.

在电还原过程中，还原峰电流和表观活化能的大小均与取代基的电子效应和空间位阻相关，同时取代硝基氯苯得3个电子将还原生成氧化偶氮苯类化合物：邻、间硝基甲苯、硝基苯甲酸得4个电子将还原生成酚类化合物；对硝基甲苯得6个电子将还原生成胺类化合物，在此基础上，探讨了各芳族硝基化合物的电还原机理。

The results showed that the freshwater species were predominant, and 45 species of algal (5 phylums, 32 genera), in which 18 species of Bacillariophyta belong to 12 genera, 15 species of Chlorophyta one genus, 10 species of Cyanophyta 7 genera, and one specie of Euglenphyta and Chrysophyta; 37 species of zooplankton, in which 9 species of Protozoa, 14 species of Rotifera,...

结果表明，淡水种类占绝对优势，藻类5门32属45种，其中硅藻12属18种，绿藻1属15种，蓝藻7属10种，裸藻、金藻各1属1种；浮游动物共计37种，其中原生动物9种，轮虫14种，枝角类2种，桡足类8种，浮游幼虫及其它4种；底栖动物20种，分别为环节动物的多毛类7种，寡毛类2种，软体动物8种，甲壳动物2种，鱼类1种。

Bandelet used for image segmentation Matlab code for two categories of images, three types of images, 4 Image style.

用bandelet进行图像分割的matlab代码，适合2类图像，3类图像，4类图像的风格。

This thesis includes five parts as follows.1. The backgrounds and some relative concepts of this work are briefly introduced. The photochemistry of benzamides and compounds with thiourea functional group is also concisely reviewed.2. Total of fourteen benzamides with different substituted groups have been synthesized and structurally characterized. Better photoreaction time for that kind of compounds at given concentrations is confirmed by tracking its'UV spectrum and GC chromatogram. A representative dibenzophenone photoproduct has been determined by X-ray crystallography. The mechanisms of photoreaction of benzamide have been proposed.3. Total of seven N-chloro(phenylmethylenebenzenamines with different substituted groups and sixty-one thiourea derivatives have been synthesized and structurally characterized.

论文的主要内容如下：1、简要介绍本论文工作的研究背景，并对苯甲酰胺和具有硫脲官能团类化合物的光化学研究进展进行简要的总结。2、合成与表征了14个具有不同取代基的苯甲酰胺类化合物，利用紫外光谱和气相色谱确定了此类化合物较佳光照时间，测定了一个具有代表性光解产物的单晶结构，提出了苯甲酰胺类化合物的光反应机理。3、合成与表征了7个带有不同取代基的氯代苯甲酰亚胺中间体及61个硫脲衍生物，测定了两个具有代表性化合物的单晶结构。

The major contents in this thesis are described as follows:(1) Seven new thiol fluorescence reagents containing 2-phenylbenzoxazole (or 2-phenylbenzothiazole) derivatives or benzanthrone as fluorphore and iodinacetylamine or maleimide as reaction groups have been synthesized.

本论文的研究工作主要分为以下几个方面：(1)以碘乙酰胺或马来酰亚胺为反应基团和以2-芳基苯并噁唑类化合物或苯并蒽酮为荧光团，首次合成了七种新的碘乙酰胺类和马来酰亚胺类巯基荧光试剂。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。