类

An insect of the order Hymenoptera, including the bees, wasps, and ants, often living in complex social groups and characteristically having two pairs of membranous wings.

膜翅类昆虫膜翅类的任何一种昆虫，包括蜜蜂、马蜂、蚂蚁，经常有复杂的社会群体有两对膜翅是这类动物的特点

An insect of the order Hymenoptera,including the bees,wasps,and ant s,often living in complex social groups and characteristically having two pairs of membranous wings.

膜翅类昆虫膜翅类的任何一种昆虫，包括蜜蜂、马蜂、蚂蚁，经常有复杂的社会群体有两对膜翅是这类动物的特点

The language of uncertainty has three main categories:(1) words such as probably, possibly, surely, which denote a single subjective probability and are potentially quantifiable;(2) words like many, often, soon, which are also quantifiable but denote not so much a condition of uncertainty as a quantity imprecisely known;(3) words like fat, rich, drunk, which can not be reduced to any accepted number because they are given different values by different people.

模糊语言有三大类：（1）"很可能"、"有可能"、"肯定会"之类的词。这类词表示个人主观认为的可能性，这些词在发言人的心目中是有一定的潜在的数量的；（2）"很多"、"经常"、"很快"之类的词表示的是模糊的状况倒不如说表达的是知道得不够确切的数量；（3）"肥胖"、"富有"、"酒醉"之类的词，这类词不能精确到大家都能同意接受的数字，因为不同的人对这些词都会有不同的评价。

However, most of these methods are not effective on handling practical datasets for the reason of incapability of tackling the various densities.

然而现有的基于密度的聚类算法由于缺乏处理不同密度聚类的能力，在聚类实际数据集时效果往往不能令人满意。

In order to overcome the technological difficulties encountered in the course of insulation fault diagnosis on the base of dissolved gases analysis, several kinds of mathematic models and actualized methods are brought forward to improve the reliability and veracity of fault diagnosis of transformers. The research works are shown mainly as followings:1 A modified fuzzy multi-criteria method is brought forward for insulation fault diagnosis of transformer. Furthermore, a new method for insulation fault diagnosis is proposed on the base of fuzzy multi-criteria together with rule reasoning. With fuzzy diagnosis in the method, fault reasons are filtrated and then the reasons in low probability are prohibited, Moreover, the left reasons are testified by using rule reasoning and then final concludes are drawn in much less misjudge probability and better results.2 On the base of geometry characteristics of C- partition to sample set of DGA data of transformer, a method is put forward to compute effective radius of neighbor field of a sample, number of clusters and values of initial centers. Moreover, the fuzzy C- means cluster model with adaptive weight is brought forward in the first time and then the fault classifier is designed for insulation fault diagnosis of transformer.3 According to the weakness of the degree of gray of gray incidence, a new formula to compute DGI is put forward and then incidence order criterion is ascertained. Moreover, a new DGI model for fault diagnosis is proposed according to the further analysis to relationship between fault reason and content of oil dissolved gases of transformer.

为解决在应用油中溶解气体分析方法（Dissolved Gases Analysis，简称DGA）诊断变压器内部绝缘故障时所遇到的主要技术难题，论文提出了用于提高变压器故障诊断准确性和可靠性的数学模型及实现方法，主要研究工作如下：1）提出了一种改进的变压器绝缘故障诊断模糊综合评判方法；进一步提出了将模糊综合诊断与规则推理相结合进行绝缘故障诊断的方法，该方法采用模糊推理对故障原因进行"过滤"，滤掉可能性极小的原因，然后进一步利用规则推理验证剩下的可能原因，得出最终结论，大大减少了误判比率，获得了较好的效果。2）根据以变压器DGA数据为特征量的样本空间的c-划分几何特性出发，提出了一种求取样本有效邻域半径和聚类数及聚类中心初值的方法，在此基础上，首次提出了一种自适应加权的变压器绝缘故障诊断的模糊c-均值聚类模型，并设计出故障分类器。3）针对常用灰色关联度的不足，提出了一新的灰色关联度计算公式及确定关联序的准则；并在此基础上，通过深入分析变压器发生绝缘故障时的原因与油中溶解特征气体含量的关系，建立了一种新的故障诊断灰色关联模型；通过实例分析证明，该方法能有效地诊断出变压器绝缘故障及故障部位，大大提高了诊断的准确性。

In the paper, a modified Similarity Measure Function, called Dsim, is proposed in order to solve the problem of non-contrasting behavior high dimensional space, and then a learning algorithm, called DCFCM, is advanced through the combination of Dsim and Approximated K-median and applied in intrusion detection which solves the problem of sharp border effecting problems and realizes the detection of abnormal incurrence.

本文将首先提出新的相似度函数Dsim，有效地解决了高维空间聚类选维和降维问题，实现了高效的聚类了；接着将Dsim与近似K-medians算法相结合，提出了新的模糊聚类算法----DCFCM，并将其用于入侵检测。解决了由尖锐边界、孤立点所带来的误报警和漏报警问题，实现了对异常行为的检测。

The pigment in colored cotton fibers was extracted by methanol at room temperature. The results of color reactions HCl-Mg reaction, NaBH4 reaction, NaOH reaction, FeCl3 reaction and Pb(Ac2 reaction of the pigment extractive showed that the pigment extracted by methanol was flavone or flavonol with two adjacent hydroxide groups (Table 2, Fig. 1). The results of UV spectral analysis further proved that the pigment extracted by methanol from brown fiber belonged to flavone with two adjacent hydroxide groups in B ring, and that from the green fiber contained not only flavone but also flavonols with two adjacent hydroxide groups both in A ring and B ring and indican replaced a hydroxide group at 3-site of A ring Fig.

通过盐酸－镁粉反应、四氢硼钠还原反应、碱反应、醋酸铅反应、氯化铁反应和紫外光谱吸收的分析表明，甲醇室温提取的棕色棉纤维色素可能是黄酮类化合物，B环上带有邻二酚羟基；甲醇室温提取的绿色棉纤维色素除黄酮类化合物外，还含有3-位羟基被糖甙化的黄酮醇类化合物，A、B环上都带有邻二酚羟基。

Incremental K algorithm was proposed to avoid indivisibility for multi-classification, which also advanced multi-identification effect.

提出了增量K多类KNN分类器解决KNN在分多类时出现的不可分现象并改善了多类识别的效果。

Based on analyzing the test data ,three variety types of isothermal adsorption and desorption curves are confirmed . The first type is that the hole structure is provided with slit capillary bore the second is usually the type of upgrowthing one end nipped unparallel crevice the third belongs to the pores shaped " inkpot ".

在测试数据分析的基础上，确定了等温吸附和脱附曲线3种类型：第1类属孔结构是具有平行权构成的狭缝毛细孔型；第2类为发育一端尖灭的不平行的裂隙型；第3类属"墨水瓶"型孔。

Clarifying the meaning of intersubjectivity concerns the following aspects:intersubjectivity is category of relation,which is based on the realistic and possible relation among various subjects;intersubjectivity is not in equality with category attributes which emphasizes intensiveness,group attributes and humanness,that...

对于主体间性内涵的确认，首先应从以下几方面展开：主体间性是关系范畴，是基于不同主体各种现实或可能的关系；主体间性并不等同于类性，但与类性的关系十分密切，类性是强调人的集约性、群体性和人类性，是主体间性的结果状态；主体间性在它提出之时就蕴涵了"主体-主体"的平等交往关系的意味。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。