米粒

The main object of this research is to investigate synthesis of Cu23Cl Cu and CuO nanoparticles through electrospinning and heat-treated method The research is mainly focused on preparative parameter and the change of heat-treated temperature to form the nanoparticles inlaid in silicon fibers the shape and color change are dicussed First of all to prepare the Polyvinyl butyral and silica dioxide complex nanofiber by electrospinning and then to investigate different heat-treated temperature and reactive time to being an influence on the products The results detected by SEM XRD TEM EDS FTIR combined sol-gel process and electrospinning can prepare Polyvinyl butyral and silica complex nanofiber The experimental result is found when heat-treated temperature is 100~4750C it can produce Cu23Cl nanoparticles; Above 4750C~ 4900C it can produce Cu nanoparticles; Above 450~7000C it can produce CuO nanoparticles And the viscosity is lain between 20~40cp and the sol-gel process time is 3hr it can produce the thinner fibers The average diameter of the fibers are 107 88±21 01nm;Due to the nanoparticles inlaid in the silica fibers the thinner fibers can be inlaid the smaller nanoparticles so this is the result that the experiment is expected To calcine the complex fibers is to produce surface silica fibers contain Cu23Cl Cu and CuO nanoparticles due to surface plasma resonance it make the color of the fibers become yellowish green from light white green turn into the red nuclear finally As the experimental result to utilize sol-gel process combine electrospinning can produce porous silica fibers contain Cu23Cl Cu and CuO nanoparticles

本研究旨在探讨「利用放电纺丝和热处理法来合成Cu23Cl、Cu和CuO奈米粒」之研究，实验著重在制备参数与热处理温度变化对所形成的奈米粒镶嵌在二氧化矽纤维中的形态与颜色变化探讨。首先，利用放电纺丝法制备出聚乙烯醇缩丁醛及二氧化矽之奈米纤维，比较不同的热处理温度与反应时间的改变对产物生成产生影响，进而研究不同热处理温度和时间对生成奈米粒的影响。产物经由SEM、XRD、TEM、EDS和FTIR等仪器分析结果显示，结合溶胶-凝胶法(sol-gel process)和放电纺丝法可产生聚乙烯醇缩丁醛及二氧化矽复合奈米纤维。实验结果发现，若热处理温度在100~4750C下可得到Cu23Cl奈米粒，475~4900C 可得Cu奈米粒，450~7000C以上可得 CuO奈米粒。而黏度介於20~40cp间和溶胶-凝胶时间为3hr时，可产生直径比较细的纤维，纤维直径为107 88±21 01nm；且由於奈米金属颗粒镶嵌在二氧化矽纤维中，直径比较细的纤维，可以得到比较小的奈米金属颗粒，这与实验预期相符。而锻烧此复合物产生多孔的二氧化矽纤维并包含Cu23Cl、Cu和CuO奈米微粒时，由於表面电浆子共震关系，而使纤维颜色由淡白黄绿色变成黄绿色，再变红褐色。由实验结果得知，利用溶胶-凝胶法(sol-gel process)结合放电纺丝法和不同热处理温度，可产生Cu23Cl、Cu和CuO奈米粒镶嵌在二氧化矽纤维。

The entire photosphere of about 4 million grain of rice , they are generally 70-1400 km in diameter, with an average of 100 kilometers (about 13 as seen from Earth), a grain of rice between the Takifugu about 200 km wide.

整个光球层约有400万个米粒，它们的直径一般为70—1400公里，平均为100公里（从地球上看约13），米粒间的暗纹约200公里宽。

A classical one dimensional sandpile model was researched in this paper, the model can not explain the self-organized criticality phenomena which appearing in one dimensional rice pile, so we did some mend on this model and make it including avalanche probability, with the new model we explained the SOC phenomena appearing in one dimensional grain pile.

本文考查了一个经典的一维BTW沙堆模型，发现它不能描述实验中已观察到的一维米粒堆的自组织临界现象，因此本文对经典一维BTW模型进行了改进，建立了一个含崩塌概率的一维沙堆模型，并用该模型解释一维米粒堆中出现的自组织临界现象。

SOC phenomena does not appears in classical one dimensional sandpile model, but for two or three dimensional model, it does. However, some people did some experiments with rice and find the SOC existing in one dimensional rice pile, it is not fit with the classical sandpile model. Nobody explained this phenomena.

在经典的一维沙堆模型中，沙堆崩塌时并没有出现自组织临界现象，只有在二维以上的沙堆模型中才出现自组织临界现象，然而，后来有人用米粒做实验，发现一维米粒堆中存在自组织临界现象，这与经典的一维沙堆模型相违背，但是却没能对这种现象作出一个较好的解释。

More than 85% of initial VEGF contents were eat rapped into The VEGF nanoparticles. The result of election micrograph and The size distribution showed that the VEGF nanoparticles acre small spherical or similar spherical vesicles. The mean, diameter of VEGF nanoparticles was 90 nm with the range of 50~150nm, and the drug loading was 42%. The redipersibility of freeze drying powder was very good.

结果：制备了纳米粒胶体溶液及其冻干品：电子透射显微镜下观察纳米粒形态，外形为粒径比较均匀的球状或近球状的纳米粒，平均粒径为90nm，粒径范围为50~150nm；包封率大于85%，载药量约为42%，冻干品的再分散性良好。

In the second chapter of part one, a lipophilic fluorescent dye, coumarin-6,serving as a nanoparticle probe, was incorporated in Lf-NP_ to investigate its braindrug delivery characteristics in a bEnd.3 BBB model with unconjugated nanoparticleNP_(PLGA as control.

第一部分第二章采用香豆素-6作为纳米粒的荧光探针，bEnd.3作为体外BBB模型，以未连接Lf的普通纳米粒NP_为对照，对Lf-NP_的脑内递药特性进行了体外评价。

Finally, the properties of the drug-loaded SN have been evaluated with the help of UV spectrophotometer, and with the small molecular and water insoluble drug-sulpiride as a model drug. It is found that the entrapping efficiency of drug-loaded SN in entrapping method can amount to 96.87% and that in adsorption method is 87.63%, which show that the loading mechanism of SN is mainly adsorptive mechanism.

最后，利用紫外分光光度计，以疏水性小分子药物舒必利为模型药物，对所制备的淀粉纳米粒的载药性能进行了评价，发现淀粉纳米粒包埋载药的包封率可达到96.87％，吸附载药的包封率达到87.63％，淀粉纳米粒对舒必利的载药机理主要是吸附机理。

One group was given Adriamycin 3mg/kg to every rabbit, the other group was given GAMANP 61.49mg/kg to every rabbit, exsanguinated 1ml in each time, then separated serum and saved in low temperature,distill the Adriamycin with chloroform-carbinol, put it under the High Performance Liquid Chromatography to examine the special hromatogram apex height.

用还原胺化法制备半乳糖基人血白蛋白，及用加热固化法制备半乳糖化白蛋白磁性阿霉素纳米粒，家兔12只，随机分为两组，每组6只，均予颈静脉置管抽血，一组按3mg/kg给予阿霉素；一组按61.49mg/kg给予半乳糖化白蛋白磁性阿霉素纳米粒，每次抽血1ml，分离出血清，低温保存，用氯仿-甲醇液提取阿霉素，在高效液相色谱仪下检测色谱峰高。

This paper presents the results from field experiment concerning the effects of nitrogen,phosphate and potash fertilizers on the quality of summer millet grain in flovo-aguic soil, cinnamon soil and brown earth.

通过田问试验研究潮土、褐土和棕壤等不同土类的土壤施用氮磷钾化肥对夏谷米粒品质的影响。结果表明，氮肥、氮磷配合、氮磷钾配合施用均可明显提高夏谷米粒中氨基酸的总量及人体必需氨基酸的总量，差异极显著。

In December 2001, China's Qinghua University in Beijing researched and developed a supersonic and microwave mini-motor. It is cylinder-shaped, 1 mm in diameter and 4 mm in length. It is as little as a grain.

2001年12月，中国清华大学研究制成一台直径1毫米、长4毫米圆柱体状的小&米粒&般大小的超声微波马达：它具有小米粒大小的机身、头发丝粗细的转轴和超声波微马达。

However, as the name（read－only memory）implies, CD disks cannot be written onorchanged in any way.

然而，正如其名字所指出的那样，CD盘不能写，也不能用任何方式改变其内容。

Galvanizes steel pallet is mainly export which suits standard packing of European Union, the North America. galvanizes steel pallet is suitable to heavy rack. Pallet surface can design plate type, corrugated and the gap form, satisfies the different requirements.

镀锌钢托盘多用于出口，替代木托盘，免薰蒸，符合欧盟、北美各国对出口货物包装材料的法令要求；喷涂钢托盘适用于重载上货架之用，托盘表面根据需要制作成平板状、波纹状及间隔形式，满足不同的使用要求。