管道

The paper is based on the rupture-dynamical theory and DNV RP-F101 recommendatory method, through the study of three corrosion models, we have built up rational estimation model, adopted subentry safety coefficient method and allowed stress method to estimate the remaining strength of corrodent pipelines, and finally, introduced the Genetic Algorithms method to compute the reliability of corrodent pipelines, gaining the reliability index, and provided corresponding program.

本文以断裂力学理论为基础，以 DNV RP-F101 腐蚀管道评估的推荐作法为蓝本，通过对管道腐蚀损伤的三种腐蚀形式具体研究，建立了合理的评估计算模型，采用了分项安全系数法和许用应力法对腐蚀管道的剩余强度进行了失效压力的计算，最后较详细的介绍了遗传算法的基本理论，并把它应用到对腐蚀管道的进行可靠性评估中，得出其可靠性指标，并给出了相应的计算程序。

This text passes correctly elm two of Daqing oil field is united --One Song unite person who bury oil pipeline scene to live in environment survey and study, is it take a sample test , environmental corrosivity survey , corrosivity measuring of pipeline and assess of soil to excavate, is it cause person who bury pipeline antiseptic layers of invalid main factor to find out , confirm the environmental grade of corrosion of soil according to environmental comprehensive physics and chemistry index of soil, grasp pipeline antiseptic invalid law of layer , study antiseptic layers of resistivity decay law and to influence that negative pole protect, is it suitable for person who bury antiseptic layer of life-span of the pipeline calculate formulae and actual effect criterion model to propose on the basis of this text, illustrate and simply analyse oil field long to fail person who bury antiseptic layer of surplus ability to work of the pipeline, unite for elm two --One Song unite pipeline antiseptic maintenance of layer , is it put forward science rational suggestion to change.

本文通过对大庆油田榆二联——宋一联埋地输油管道所处环境的现场调研、开挖取样化验、环境土壤的腐蚀性勘测、管线的腐蚀性检测和评估，找出引起埋地管道防腐层失效的主要因素，并根据环境土壤的综合理化指标确定该段环境土壤的腐蚀等级，掌握管道防腐层的失效规律，研究防腐层电阻率衰减规律及其对阴极保护的影响，在本文的基础上提出适用于埋地管道防腐层寿命计算公式和失效判据模型，例证和浅析油田长输埋地管道防腐层剩余工作能力，为榆二联——宋一联管道防腐层的维修、更换提出科学合理的建议。

The calculation method for load and track of the pipeline failures according to the relations between slope and bending deflection of the pipeline system is given.

在对煤气管道的坡度和挠度进行分析的基础上，针对当前国内大中型联合企业煤气净化与输配的实际情况，提出了煤气管道无坡度敷设的前提条件，并给出了根据管道的坡度与挠度之间的关系计算管道事故荷载及跨距的方法。

The device for separating and recovering the carbon dioxide from the flue gas by dry process consists of a powder grinding device, a powder feeding device, a fluidized bed, a cyclone separator and a regeneration device, wherein, a flue gas inlet is arranged at the bottom of the fluidized bed, the powder grinding device is communicated with the lower part of the fluidized bed by the powder feeding device, the upper part of the fluidized bed is communicated with the upper part of the cyclone separator by a pipe I, the top of the cyclone separator is provided with an outlet pipe for the flue gas containing low-concentration carbon dioxide, the bottom of the cyclone separator is communicated with the upper part of the regeneration device by a pipe II, the bottom of the regeneration device is communicated with the bottom of the fluidized bed by a pipe III, and the top of the regeneration device is provided with an outlet pipe for the flue gas containing high-concentration carbon dioxide.

本发明提供一种干法分离和回收烟气中二氧化碳的装置和方法，无需分离前对烟气进行降温，而直接在高温下进行二氧化碳的吸收分离，从而避免降温过程中的能量损失；器中干法分离和回收烟气中二氧化碳的装置，由磨粉装置、给粉装置、流化床、旋风分离器和再生装置组成，所述流化床底部有烟气入口，所述磨粉装置通过给粉装置与流化床下部连通，流化床的上部通过管道I与旋风分离器的上部相连通，旋风分离器的顶部有低二氧化碳浓度烟气出口管道，旋风分离器底部经过管道II与再生装置的上部连通，再生装置的底部通过管道III与流化床的底部相连通，再生装置顶部设有高浓度二氧化碳烟气出口管道。

This model can estimate the size of the affected area in the event of a full-bore rupture by the diameter, the operating pressure and the length of pipeline Hazard area is directly proportional to the operating pressure raised to a half power, and to the pipeline diameter raised to five-fourths power, but inversely proportional to the pipeline length raised to a quarter power.

应用该模型可以通过管道直径、工作压力和管道长度计算出全口径断裂事故的影响范围。危险影响区域与工作压力的平方根成正比，与管道直径的5/4次幂成正比，与管道长度的1/4次幂成反比。

The effects of different parameters and cross-sections on axial velocity, the distribution of secondary flow, temperature field, turbulent kinetic energy, wall friction coefficient and wall Nusselt number are analyzed in detail.

详细分析了充分发展的和发展段的湍流管道内，不同截面形状和几何参数对轴向速度分布，截面二次流结构，湍动能，曲线管道摩擦比，温度分布和曲线管道Nusselt系数比等管道流动和传热特性的影响。

This article takes the Lan-Cheng-Yu product oil transportation pipeline as an example, describing the idea of product oil batched transportation's transportation circle and oilcan cubage optimization design. That is to adopt trial and error method, which contracts only those could affect the optimization result and forgets the other aspects of the pipeline. Within the design life of the pipeline, the method's dynamic economic analysis is taken to decide the optimum transportation circles and the total oilcan cubage needed for the whole line.

本文以兰-成-渝成品油输送管道为例，介绍了成品油输送管道的顺序输送批次和罐容优化设计思想，即采用试算法，将管道中相同部分不参与经济比较，对优化结果有影响的部分参与比较，在管道设计寿命期内，进行方案的动态经济分析，以确定最优的循环次数和沿线需要设置的储罐容量。

Buried depth is one of the important factors to be considered in pipeline design. There are different requirements to different areas. In the region of rock collapse, pipeline is easily damaged by rockfall impact.

管道埋深是管道设计时需考虑的重要因素之一，不同地域有不同的要求，在崩塌落石地区，由于落石对管道的冲击作用，管道容易发生破坏。

According to the existing toilet bowl pipeline shape produced by some enterprises,the effect on the pipeline siphonage which is caused by the alterations of hydraulic packing control point was investigated with the hydrodynamics calculation in this paper.

该文从企业现有的坐便器管道形状入手，首先应用水动力学知识计算水封控制点位置的变化对管道虹吸性能的影响，然后基于计算结果提出更优位置的假设，并依据试验确定其合理的变化范围，最后通过CFD方法模拟改进前后管道中的虹吸速度和虹吸压力，结果表明管道虹吸性能得到了优化。

This was because its flow velocity changed little in direction than the other one. However, the Z-like tube was a little better than the U-like tube when without blowing.

结果表明：不吹气时，管道结构对流场的影响远小于气体吸热对流场的影响；吹气时，管道内气体流速较大，管道结构对流场分布的影响比较明显；吹气时，U形管道对光束的影响比Z形管道对光束的影响要小。

The labia have now been sutured together almost completely.The drains and the Foley catheter come out at the top.

此刻阴唇已经几乎完全的缝在一起了，排除多余淤血体液的管子和Foley导管从顶端冒出来。

To get the business done, I suggest we split the difference in price.

为了做成这笔生意，我建议我们在价格上大家各让一半。