管辖范围

Article 108 of the Civil Procedure Law prescribes the fundamental elements of any cognizable civil case, which are that:(1) the plaintiff must be a citizen, legal person, or other entity that has an interest in the case;(2) the defendant must be identified specifically;(3) the claims, facts, and arguments must be specific; and (4) the case must be a civil case within the scope of the jurisdiction of the courts generally, and within the jurisdiction of the specific court in which the lawsuit is filed.

民事诉讼法第108条规定了可审理的民事案件的基本原则，它们是：（1）原告是与本案有直接利害关系的公民、法人和其他组织；（2）有明确的被告；（3）有具体的诉讼请求和事实、理由；（4）属于人民法院受理民事诉讼的范围和受诉人民法院管辖。

Article 16 The Supreme People's Court shall have jurisdiction as a court of first instance over grave and complicated administrative cases in the whole country.

第十六条最高人民法院管辖全国范围内重大、复杂的第一审行政案件。

More attention is drawn to the comparison of the relevant ways and procedures and exterritorial effectiveness between them, because they are well worth referring and studying.

在第3章对海事请求保全做了研究，主要包括海事请求保全的法律含义、管辖、申请、担保、裁定、复议、异议、解除及可保全财产的范围等内容。

To cherish peace and friendly intercourse with all nations having correspondent dispositions; to maintain sincere neutrality toward belligerent nations; to prefer in all cases amicable discussion and reasonable accommodation of differences to a decision of them by an appeal to arms; to exclude foreign intrigues and foreign partialities, so degrading to all countries and so baneful to free ones; to foster a spirit of independence too just to invade the rights of others, too proud to surrender our own, too liberal to indulge unworthy prejudices ourselves and too elevated not to look down upon them in others; to hold the union of the States as the basis of their peace and happiness; to support the Constitution, which is the cement of the Union, as well in its limitations as in its authorities; to respect the rights and authorities reserved to the States and to the people as equally incorporated with and essential to the success of the general system; to avoid the slightest interference with the right of conscience or the functions of religion, so wisely exempted from civil jurisdiction; to preserve in their full energy the other salutary provisions in behalf of private and personal rights, and of the freedom of the press; to observe economy in public expenditures; to liberate the public resources by an honorable discharge of the public debts; to keep within the requisite limits a standing military force, always remembering that an armed and trained militia is the firmest bulwark of republics——that without standing armies their liberty can never be in danger, nor with large ones safe; to promote by authorized means improvements friendly to agriculture, to manufactures, and to external as well as internal commerce; to favor in like manner the advancement of science and the diffusion of information as the best aliment to true liberty; to carry on the benevolent plans which have been so meritoriously applied to the conversion of our aboriginal neighbors from the degradation and wretchedness of savage life to a participation of the improvements of which the human mind and manners are susceptible in a civilized state——as far as sentiments and intentions such as these can aid the fulfillment of my duty, they will be a resource which can not fail me.

我认为应珍视与所有志同道合的国家的和平相处和友好往来；对所有交战国则保持真诚的中立；在任何情况下，对分歧都应采取友善的协商和理智的调停，而不能诉诸武力加以解决；来自国外的种种阴谋诡计和对外国的偏袒不公，对任何国家来说都是卑下可鄙的，对自由国家则更是危害非浅，故应予以摒弃；要培育一种独立的精神，这种精神非常公正而不会侵犯他人的权利，非常自尊而不会放弃我们自己的权利，非常开明而不耽溺于我们自己毫无价值的偏见，非常高尚而必然鄙弃他人抱有的偏见；要把各州的团结作为我们和平与幸福的基础；要拥护作为联邦凝聚剂的宪法，不仅维护它的权威，而且遵从它的限制；要尊重保留给各州和保留给人民的各项权利和权力，这对整个制度的成功同样休戚相关和不可或缺；信仰的权利和总价的功能已然明智地排除在民事管辖的范围之外，故应避免加以丝毫的干涉；要维护旨在保障私人权利、人身权利和出版自由的其他有益规定的全部活力；政府开支要厉行节约；要通过光荣地清偿公债以调动公共资源；要把常备军事力量控制在必要的限度以内，应时刻牢记，一支训练有素的武装民兵便是所有共和国最坚强的堡垒，没有常备军，他们的自由决不至于陷入危险的境地，而庞大的武装则未必意味着安全；要采用合法的手段推动有利于农业制造业和国内外贸易的各项改进措施；要以同样方式支持科学的进步和知识的传播，此乃真正自由的最佳养份；要继续执行慈善计划，这些计划一直都在值得称道地实施，以改造我们的土著邻居，使他们摆脱野蛮生活的堕落和不幸，得以分享文明状态下人们在心灵和举止上所惯有的各种改善成果。以上种种想法和打算，只要有助于我完成使命，便是不会令我失望的一个源泉。

The state responsibility of transboundary environmental damage,based on Prevention of Transboundary Damage from Hazardous Activities and Responsibility of States for Internationally Wrongful Acts of the International Law Commission, refers to national responsibility of transboundary environmental damage that is produced within the confines of national command, arising from the nonfulfillment of corresponding obligation of prevention prescribed by international law.

跨界环境损害国家责任以2001年国际法委员会的编纂成果《国家对国际不法行为的责任条文草案》和《预防危险活动的跨界损害条款草案》为基础，指的是国家没有履行国际法规定的相应的预防义务，从而导致其管辖或控制范围内的活动产生跨界环境损害后果时所承担的责任。

First, on the hand of litigation, the world is moving towards a more normative solution in the jurisdiction, adjudication and execution of lawsuits concerning shareholders rights. China should bring in litigations concerning right to address inquiries as a remedy to the imperfection of law. The scope and object of adjudication of court should be determined by the nature of case. Ways to perfect specific provisions in the area of jurisdiction, time limit, preservation measures as well as execution are also proposed in the paper. Second, on the hand of non-litigation, scrutinizer as a means of non-litigation is neutral and order of investigation is convenient. Non-litigation should be brought into Chinese company law as a supplement of litigation.

第一，各国及各地区立法在股东知情权诉讼的管辖、审理及执行等方面的规范更加完善，重点结合我国司法实践中股东知情权诉讼的争议，认为应当建立质询权诉讼机制弥补法律的缺失，依据知情权诉讼的本质确定法院的受理范围及审理对象，探讨通过完善股东知情权理论基础确定诉讼的被告，同时对诉讼中具体规范如管辖、诉讼时效、保全措施及执行等方面的完善提出建议；第二，检查人选任制度作为非诉讼救济方式具有中立、全面的特点，调查令方式具有方便的优势，从而建议我国公司法可引入非诉讼救济方式作为诉讼救济方式的补充。

Which was taken, without authorization from my mess facility, and I will not tolerate thievery in my unit.

我无法允许在我管辖的范围内发生偷窃行为。

In China, the dispute of civil jurisdiction is resolved by the administerial method,which brings on the nonentity of parties' right on the objection of civil jurisdiction, the extension of the main body who can object the civil jurisdiction is too limited,and the difficulty of the objection of level jurisdiction.

在我国民事诉讼立法和实践中，对管辖权异议的解决奉行的是行政化处理的模式，因此导致当事人管辖权异议权利虚无、管辖权异议主体范围过于狭窄和级别管辖异议困难等弊端。

The company's basic situation is: the volume of business me: This year the goal box of domestic and foreign trade agent 1150000TEU owner: China Shipping Container Lines Company Limited jurisdiction ports: Shanghai, Ningbo and Wenzhou business coverage: the Yangtze River Delta in East China and the six provinces, such as two municipal services network: 16 branches under the lightering Extension: covering Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces and the entire operating range of the Yangtze River Basin: near, ocean freight container transport business; the internal domestic coastal container shipping agency business; and around the above-mentioned operations are carried out freight forwarding business booking, warehousing, transit, clearing transport fees, customs declaration, inspection, insurance, short-haul services, boxes and tubes, ship agency and consulting business.

公司的基本情况是：业务箱量：今年目标箱量为内外贸1，150，000TEU 代理船东：中海集装箱运输股份有限公司管辖口岸：上海、宁波和温州业务覆盖范围：华东及长江三角洲等六省两直辖市服务网络：下设16个分公司支线驳运：覆盖江浙两省及整个长江流域经营范围：近、远洋集装箱运输货运业务；国内沿海的内贸集装箱运输代理业务；以及围绕上述业务而开展的货运代理业务订舱、仓储、中转、结算运杂费、报关、报验、保险、短途服务、箱管、船舶代理及咨询业务。

In 1579 Gregory XIII released them entirely from the jurisdiction of the provincials and almost completely from that of the general, while in Rome they were given the renowned monastery of S.

在1579年格里高利十三完全释放了他们的管辖范围之内provincials和几乎完全从一般性，而在罗马，他们有著名的寺院由弗朗切斯科1权力规范法。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。