管辖权

After the Treaties of Westphalia were signed up , a nation was considered a sovereign enity with thorough and exclusive control over its domestic affairs . However , the formation of European Union was a change to this .

中文摘要西元1648年西发里亚条约建立后，国家即被视为拥有主权的实体，对其境内事务拥有完全、排他的管辖权，但欧盟的形成则对此形成挑战。

Chapter seven is about jurisdictions over bankruptcy and winding-up.

第七章为破产和解散管辖权。

Of this nature was the criminal jurisdiction of the Anglo-Saxon Witenagemot.

具有这种性质的，是"盎格鲁－撒克逊国会"（Anglo－Saxon Witenagemot）的刑事管辖权。

Chapter 6 discusses systematically the appliable law and jurisdication of international securities,and analyses the effects of the uniform market of European Common Community on the conflict of security laws.

第六章系统讨论了国际证券的法律适用问题及管辖权问题，并就欧共体统一市场对证券法律冲突产生的影响进行了分析。

The article first explains the concept of vessels and the quality and meaning of the rights of shipping of vessels. According to the United Nations Convention on the law of the sea, the article follows expounding the legal position of Internal waters, the territorial sea, the adjacent zone, the exclusive economic zone, International straits, archipelagic waters and the high seas, and analyzing the rights and obligations of coastal countries in above areas and the criminal jurisdiction and civil jurisdiction of the coastal country and the flag state. Then, the article clears up the rights of shipping of vessels in different areas, which is the main point of the paper. Circling this main point, the article further makes some advice to better our regulations on the law of the sea.

因此，本文从船舶的定义及船舶航行权的性质和意义入手，以《联合国海洋法公约》为依据，阐述了公约所划定的内水、领海、毗连区、专属经济区、国际海峡、群岛水域及公海的法律地位、分析沿海国在这些海域中的权利和义务，以及沿海国与船旗国对船舶的刑事、民事管辖权，进而明确了船舶在不同海域的航行权，并围绕这一中心问题，提出了完善我国海洋法律制度的相关建议。

The patriarch of Constantinople, however, also exercises jurisdiction over Greek - speaking churches outside Greece and controls, for example, the Greek archdiocese of America, which is distinct from the Orthodox church in America, listed among the autocephalous churches.

老人家君士坦丁堡，不过，也行使管辖权希腊-在谈到教会以外的希腊和控制，例如，希腊大主教美国，这是有别于东正教教会在美国，上市之间的a utocephalous教堂。

The Georgian Orthodox Church, once being under the See of Antioch , gained an autocephalous status in the 4th century during the reign of King Vakhtang Gorgasali

格鲁吉亚东正教，曾属于古叙利亚首都安提俄克东正教教堂分支，在 Vakhtang Gorgasali 国王统治时期公元4世纪，获得东正教的教会主教，神父在教务管辖权上独立地位。

Because of its own characteristic ,such as the completement and scatterness of the fast innovation, concealment, invisibility and high mobility, the emergence has led to a series of problems.

因其本身所具有的高速创新性、隐蔽性和无形性、高度流动性的特点，引发了税款流失、税负不公、税收管辖权、常设机构、国际避税等一系列税收问题，使传统的税收理论、税收原则受到不同程度的影响，同时给现行的税收制度提出了新的要求与挑战。

Because of its own characteristic ,such as the completement and scatterness of the fast innovation, concealment, invisibility and high mobility, the emergence has led to a series of problems. For example, the loss of tax payment, the unfair tax revenue burden, tax jurisdiction, permanent establishment, international tax avoidance.

因其本身所具有的高速创新性、隐蔽性和无形性、高度流动性的特点，引发了税款流失、税负不公、税收管辖权、常设机构、国际避税等一系列税收问题，使传统的税收理论、税收原则受到不同程度的影响，同时给现行的税收制度提出了新的要求与挑战。

Although it is not an appeal proceeding but aninterlocutory one,the preliminary ruling is greatly significantto the development of the Community law for theestablishment of the two constitutional principles by the Courtin the context of the preliminary ruling.

虽然初步裁决程序仅构成欧洲法院的一种间接诉讼管辖权，但该程序在欧洲法院的司法实践中占据了极其重要的地位——欧共体法的两个宪法性原则都产生于欧洲法院的初步裁决案件中。

Breath, muscle contraction of the buttocks; arch body, as far as possible to hold his head, right leg straight towards the ceiling (peg-leg knee in order to avoid muscle tension).

呼气，收缩臀部肌肉；拱起身体，尽量抬起头来，右腿伸直朝向天花板（膝微屈，以避免肌肉紧张）。

The cost of moving grain food products was unchanged from May, but year over year are up 8%.

粮食产品的运输费用与5月份相比没有变化，但却比去年同期高8％。