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In the electromagnetic field that countercurrent inductor produces, the metal droplet that melts gets the role suspension of electromagnetism force in quartz pipe center and had been heated up continuously. When metal droplet of melting have been heated up certain temperature surface beginning gasification, metal vapor tension will raise follow temperature go up, is heated continuously can have plenty of metal atoms overflow metal ball liquid surface, at the same time, as the inert gas of cooling medium, all along with certain current velocity, sideswipe the metal droplet surface that melts. Metal atoms fly out liquid surface according to certain way form the atom cluster by the condensing of inert air current, merger and the collision between crystal nucleus pellet and atom cluster form the smoke flame of nanoparticle pellet eventually.

在逆流感应器产生的电磁场中熔化的金属液滴受电磁力的作用悬浮于石英管中央并继续被加热，当金属熔球被加热到一定温度时表面开始气化，金属蒸气压随温度的升高而升高，继续受热会有大量的金属原子飞出熔球液面，与此同时，作为冷却介质的惰性气体始终以一定的流速掠过熔化的金属液滴表面，原子飞出液面受冷后就按照一定的方式凝聚成原子簇，在惰性气流中形核并随之长大，颗粒、原子簇间的碰撞与合并，最终形成金属纳米颗粒的烟焰。

From the tests,we have obtained some structural variant features related with salt resistance and demonstrated the successful introduction of Rhizophora apicularta DNA into tomato.This thesis contains two parts. In the first part,the morphological and anatomical structures of the leaves were investigated. As to the morphology,some difference between control and transformed tomato were found. The leaf dimensions of the transformed tomato with unextended leaves were smaller than that of control. These structure changes should help to decrease the evaporation of water effectively and release the physiological drought resulted from saline.

本实验分两部分：第一部分、对转化番茄的形态及细胞显微结构进行观察与分析，实验表明转化番茄形态与对照相比有明显的变化，其叶面积变小，叶形收拢，这种结构可有效地减少水分的蒸发，缓解由盐胁产生的生理干旱；组织解剖结构结果显示，耐盐番茄在细胞结构上发生了明显的变异：其气孔器倾向下陷，表皮毛增多，叶脉微管组织不发达，微管束周围出现增多的贮水细胞，叶缘及其它部位表面分化出大型的多细胞分泌型结构，这些结构与转化番茄后代较强的耐盐能力有关。

With large-scale model tests of open-cut box tunnel and shallow bored horseshoetunnel intersecting orthogonally and obliquely with active ground fissure zone individually, the adaptability of sectionalized tunnel passing through active ground fissure is studied,theresults show that the sectionalized tunnel with flexible joint can bear very large sheardeformation,and the deformation and secondary stress of adjacent sectionalized tunnel underthe action of ground fissure is small,meantime many sectionalized tunnels can eliminatepartly the effect of active ground fissure movement,have a good capability of adapting itselfto the large deformation.

8通过分段设缝的明挖箱形隧道和浅埋暗挖马蹄形隧道分别正交和斜交穿越地裂缝带穿的大型模型试验，对分段设变形缝的地铁隧道穿越地裂缝带的适应性进行了研究，结果表明分段式柔性接头隧道能承受较大的剪切变形，相邻衬砌管段变形和次生应力均较小，同时多段设变形缝具有很好的消化地裂缝变形的效果，从而说明多段设变形缝加柔性接头连接的地铁隧道具有较强的适应地裂缝活动大变形的能力。

So that the channel immediately exit valve seat to prevent the rapid expansion of body wall and the wall suffered cavitation damage, and for Water in the needle valve, the expansion chamber diameter of 1.5 times the diameter of including pull back the export channel, including length of 8 times the diameter when subjected to cavitation can be avoided.

使紧接阀座出口端的通道急剧扩大可防止阀体壁和管壁遭受气蚀损坏，对用于水厂中的针形阀，其扩大腔室的直径为管径的1.5倍，包括出口退拔在内的通道长度为管径的8倍时，可避免遭受气蚀。

In the second part of this thesis, the physical model, which used to describe the evolution of highly charged ions in the EBIT and provided by Penetrate, are discussed in detail. Based on this model, we have some modifications. The modified physical model takes the effect of the geometry of drift tube, the cumulation of space charge, and ionization heating into account.

在论文第二部分，我们详细讨论了Penetrate所提出的用来描述高价态离子在电子束离子阱中演化的物理模型，并在Penetrate所提出的物理模型基础上做了部分修正，修正后的物理模型考虑了漂移管的几何位形、电离加热以及电子束的空间电荷累积的影响，利用修正后的物理模型，对高价态离子在EBIT中演化过程进行详细地数值模拟。

In the second part of this thesis, the physical model, which used to describe the evolution of highly charged ions in the EBIT and provided by Penetrate, are discussed in detail. Based on this model, we have some modifications. The modified physical model takes the effect of the geometry of drift tube, the cumulation of space charge, and ionization heating into account.

在论文第二部分，我们详细讨论了Penetrate所提出的用来描述高价态离子在电子束离子阱中演化的物理模型，并在Penetrate所提出的物理模型基础上做了部分修正，修正后的物理模型考虑了漂移管的几何位形、电离加热以及电子束的空间电荷累积的影直流电弧等离子体发生器的数值模拟及电子束离子阱物理研究响，利用修正后的物理模型，对高价态离子在EBI下中演化过程进行详细地数值模拟。

It has been put forward that there exists single Ball point and double Ball points on the symmetrical connecting-rod curves of equilateral mechanisms.

从鲍尔点的形成原理出发，分析对称连杆曲线上鲍尔点的产生条件，提出等边机构的对称连杆曲线上有单鲍尔点和双鲍尔点。

The factory affiliated to the Group primarily manufactures multiple-purpose pincers, baking kits, knives, scissors, kitchenware, gardening tools and beauty care kits as well as other hardware tools, the annual production value of which reaches US$ 30 million dollars.

集团所属工厂主要生产多用钳、烤具、刀具、剪刀、厨具、花园工具、美容套等五金产品，年生产总值3000万美元，产品价廉物美、选料上乘、质量保证，深受国内外客户的青睐