管制

Based on the abundant proof of the individual influence factor and the environmental influence factor of the air traffic controllers' stress, it combines the design of EAP and the influence factors of the controllers' stress, in order to relieve the controllers' stress effectively by the management of EAP and help the controllers to choose the correct coping style when facing stress. It provides strategy foundation to the creation of the harmonious working environment and the enhancement of the controllers' individual modulability.

在对空中交通管制员压力源的个人影响因素和环境影响因素的充分论证的基础上，将EAP设计与影响管制人员压力源因素有机结合起来，力求通过EAP措施帮助管制人员有效地缓解工作压力，帮助管制员面对压力时能够采取正确的应对方式；为创造和谐积极的组织工作环境和提高管制员个人自我调节能力提供决策依据。

Instead, we should make separate judgment by subadditivity for different periods and different business structure, which can become the criteria on a strict or loose regulation.

结合管制理论，本文研究了历史上和现有的电信业管制制度实践，总结出电信业具有确立管制——放松管制——重建管制的发展变迁轨迹，并将其作为中国电信业管制制度选择的参考经验。

The article is on the base that the control of price upper limit that checks current and extensive applying has analytic, applying medium experience and lesson actually in the light of its, undertook to theory of incentive sex control; put forward to link method of performance surveyor's pole and rear sight competition commenting the mechanism of control of integrated and incentive sex of control of academic price upper limit, undertook introductory to corresponding metric analysis method.

本文在对当前广泛应用的价格上限管制进行分析的基础上，针对其在实际应用中的经验和教训，对激励性管制理论进行了评述；提出了结合绩效标杆方法和标尺竞争理论的价格上限管制的综合激励性管制机制，并对相应的计量分析方法进行了介绍。

The second chapter describes the meaning and of regulation、 two schools of the research of regulation: theory of common benefit and theory of interest group、 regulatory failure、 theory of contestable Market and stimulating regulation, providing a general basic theory.

第二章主要论述了管制的内涵及其理论发展脉络、管制行为的两大理论体系：管制公共利益论和管制利益集团论、管制失效的表现形式和原因、放松管制的可竞争性市场理论和激励性管制理论以及西方发达国家放松管制的经验，为中国汽车产业管制失效分析提供一个一般性的理论基础。

This chapter, by using the theory of public interests of the government control, control-capture theory, the theoretical model of the government control, the minimum government control theory construed the basic contents covered by the government control, and discussed the interactivity and the nonnegligible effects of the government control and the industrial development model. Theses theories provide the convictive constructions to some practical economic problems that cannot be satisfactorily constructed by the traditional economic theories. Thus it makes possible for us to look on the reasons for control rules formulated by the government and some other institutional problems in the industrial evolvement, and analyze the costs of the government control and the restrictive factors and significances of the institutional changes whereof in a never-before-used angle.

第二章分别从政府管制的公共利益论、管制俘获理论、政府管制的理论模型、最小政府管制理论等方面解释了政府管制所涵盖的基本内容，探讨了政府管制与产业发展模式之间的的相互关联和不可忽视的影响，这些理论对许多传统的经济理论难于很好地解释的经济现实问题给予了具有说服力的解释，使我们能够以新的视角来看待产业演进中由政府建立管制规则的理由和其他一些制度问题，分析政府管制的成本及其制度变革的制约因素和意义。

Facing the fact that the inefficient china securities market, the article analyzes carefully the reason for low contract efficiency from the following aspects such as property rights, insufficient information regulation and the structure of regulation mechanism. What抯 more, the article points out reregulation is a possible way to normalization development of china security market after analyzing the disadvantages of strengthening regulation and deregulation. At length, the thesis paper will discuss the design of reregulation mechanism from the principles of incentive and constraint regulation institution and punishment mechanism.

面对中国证券市场管制低效的局面，本文从产权、信息不足约束以及管制机构治理结构等方面详细剖析了造成管制低效的原因，进而在分析加强管制和放松管制等论点的不足之后，指出再管制是通向中国证券市场规范化发展的可行之路，而且从管制机构激励约束、惩罚原则等方面讨论了再管制实施机制的设计问题。

The innovations of this essay are following:Ⅰ, Completely investigating the theoretic introduction, practical application, and effects on investment administrant, and putting forward that China should transit gradually from dracon quantity regulation rules to prudent man rules;Ⅱ, Lucubrating the rational, negative effects, and experience tests of portfolio allocation regulation, performance regulation, and industry structure regulation of pension funds over OECD countries;Ⅲ, Analyzing the rational and sensibility of relative rate of return guarantees of pension plan, and advancing the scheme of rate of return guarantees of China;Ⅳ, First investigating the investment policy of pension plans globally using "contents analysis" over the world pension plans;Ⅴ, Lodging that portfolio diversification should be the most important risk management instrument, and presenting efficiency measure model of evaluating portfolio diversification of pension funds;Ⅵ, Lucubrating the optimal portfolio allocation model during accumulation phase and decumulation phase of pension funds; taking for that risky assets should decrease with time reducing during accumulation phase, but during decumulation risky assets should increase.

指出了本文研究的主要结论，以及研究的不足和未来研究的方向。本文研究的创新点在于：（1）从法和经济学的原理角度，全面研究了&审慎人&原则的理论解释、实践应用、对投资管理人行为影响的实证分析以及成功实施&审慎人&原则的因素分析，提出我国养老基金的投资管制应该逐步从严格的数量管制原则过渡到&审慎人&管制原则；（2）深入研究了养老基金的资产配置管制、业绩管制和产业结构管制的基本原理、负面效应、实证检验等，以及对OECD国家的国际比较；（3）研究了养老金计划的相对收益率担保的基本原理，并对其作用机制进行了敏感性分析，提出了我国收益率担保机制设计的方案；（4）首次采用&内容分析法&对国际范围内的养老金计划的投资政策进行了研究，找出了投资政策应该包含的关键要素；（5）提出组合多样化是最重要的风险控制手段，并给出了衡量养老基金组合多样化程度的效率评价模型；（6）深入研究了养老基金积累阶段和缩减阶段的最优资产配置的数量模型，认为在积累阶段对风险资产的投资应该随着时间减少，而在缩减阶段，风险资产应随着时间增加。

We will analyze the regulation on the vaporware. We get the conclusion that if the innovation is little, the regulation could promote the social welfare, but if the innovation is larger, non-regulation policy is better.

通过政府对&汽件&策略进行管制和没有管制的社会福利的分析，本文得到结论：在位者的产品创新程度较小，政府管制的社会福利大于没有管制的社会福利；在位者的产品创新程度较小，政府管制的社会福利小于没有管制的社会福利。

The main techniques of this system are as follows: Simulated digital map of field surveillance radar, aircraft objects display and graphic operations Simulated mathematical models of ground motions of the aircrafts Simulated realization of all kinds of airport control orders Processing of aircrafts'taxiways selection Tight coupling of airport and approach control Designs of training courses about airport control based on the standard of International Civil Aviation Organization This paper introduces the design and realization of simulation system of the field surveillance radar in detail, including five parts: The first part generally introduces Civil Aviation Air Traffic Control and simulated training of air control radar, and then analyzes the simulation requirements of the field surveillance radar, finally, presents works of the author in this simulation system items.

机场场面监视雷达仿真系统是快速高效并且低成本培养和提高塔台管制人员特别是管制学员的塔台管制技能的重要工具和设备，该系统具有以下技术要点：机场场面监视雷达仿真数字地图和航空器目标的显示以及图形操作航空器地面运动的仿真数学模型各种机场管制命令的仿真实现地面航空器滑行路线选择处理机场管制与进近管制的紧密结合按照国际民航组织标准进行设计机场管制训练课程本文详细地介绍了场面监视雷达仿真系统的设计和实现，一共分五个部分：第一部分概括介绍民航空中交通管制和空管雷达仿真训练，分析机场场面监视雷达仿真的需求情况以及作者在该仿真系统项目中所做的工作。

Based on some conclusion of foregoing and the background and status quo, the paper discusses the object of the reform of airport regulation in China, the principle of single till, incentive, and consultation of airport charge, sliding scale price cap regulation, organization and enforcement of regulation contract, administrative distribution of slots, and environment regulation with economic means.

论文结合中国机场管制的国际国内背景和机场管制与机场改革现状，提出了中国机场管制改革的目标、机场收费管制的单一预算、激励和磋商原则、浮动费率价格上限管制方法以及收费管制合同的组织与实施、枢纽机场起降时刻的行政分配方式和运用经济手段进行环境管制等机场管制框架。

The absorption and distribution of chromium were studied in ryeusing nutrient culture technique and pot experiment.

采用不同浓度K2CrO4(0，0.4，0.8和1.2 mmol/L)的Hoagland营养液处理黑麦幼苗，测定铬在黑麦体内的亚细胞分布、铬化学形态及不同部位的积累。

By analyzing theory foundation of mathematical morphology in the digital image processing, researching morphology arithmetic of the binary Image, discussing two basic forms for the least structure element: dilation and erosion.

通过分析数学形态学在图像中的理论基础，研究二值图像的形态分析算法，探讨最小结构元素的两种基本形态：膨胀和腐蚀；分析了数学形态学复杂算法的基本原理，把数学形态学的部分并行处理理念引入到家实际应用中。