管

This paper gave the detailed reviews on previousresearch results on subdrainage home and abroad,studied the effect and mecha-nism of subdrainage facilities on drainage,waterlogging reduction,salt removeas well as nitrogen fertilizer application under subdrainage conditions by use oflysimeter experiments and field trials.Numerical modelling on water movementin heterogeneons multilayered soils as well as the optimization layout of spacingsand depths of PVC subdrain was also investigated in this paper by numerical sim-ulations.

本文在论述国内外暗管排水研究进展的基础上，采用蒸渗仪控制试验，田间试验和数学模型数值计算相结合的方法，对塑料暗管的排水、降渍、除盐效果及其机理和塑料暗管排降条件下小麦的N肥运筹进行了深入研究，并对排降条件下试区非均质分层土壤水分运动的数值模拟和塑料暗管埋深和间距的经济优化布局模式进行了探讨。

In combination with the results of our research group, how to adjust tube diameter, tube length, wall thickness, and improve the quality of surface morphology of anodic TiO2 nanotube array by changing voltage, potential sweep rate, electrolyte, temperature and oxidation time are summarized.

结合本组的研究工作，总结了如何通过改变电压、升压速率、电解液、温度和氧化时间，实现纳米管管径、管壁厚度、管长的有效控制，提高TiO2纳米管阵列的表面形貌质量。

In combination with the results of our research group, how to adjust tube diameter, tube length, wall thickness, and improve the quality of surface morphology of anodic TiO2 nanotube array by changing voltage, potential sweep rate, electrolyte, temperature and oxidation time is summarized.

结合本组的研究工作，总结了如何通过改变电压、升压速率、电解液、温度和氧化时间，实现纳米管管径、管壁厚度、管长的有效控制，提高TiO2纳米管阵列的表面形貌质量。

During the fertilization of angiosperms, the degenerated synergid induces a pollen tube to enter and break the pollen tube to release two sperm cells, which fuse with the egg and central cell.

在受精过程中，助细胞吸引花粉管向雌配子体生长，并接受花粉管长入细胞程序死亡助细胞中。接下来的花粉管停止生长和花粉管顶端破裂释放出2个精细胞的过程可能也依赖于助细胞。

For the purpose to figure out location and function relations of three-dimensional syphon's unfolded curve with any bend angle, any diameter and any section, and to make integration of design and manufacturing for three dimensional big-diameter syphon, methods of engineering mathematics and analytic geometry are provided. Syphon's unfolded curve function in three-dimensional station is analyzed and built; the corresponding MATLAB procedures are compiled at the same time.

为了解决弯管在弯曲角度、直径、节数等变化时的三维弯管展平曲线的坐标位置以及函数关系问题，以实现大直径弯管的三维设计与制造的自动化、一体化，通过利用工程数学及画法解析几何的方法，分析和建立了弯管在三维状态下的展平曲线方程，同时编写了相应的MATLAB程序。

The temporal and spatial distribution of SMP in tomato root zone and the correlation between tomato evaportranspiration and SMP variations were analyzed. The results showed that the variation of SMP among the soil profiles of 0, 15 and 30 cm from drip tape was insignificant, and the horizontal distance of tensiometers to drip tape had little effect on the correlation between tomato ETa and SMP variations. Lateral depths significantly influenced SMP from 20 to 70 cm soil layer and there were obvious effects of tensiometer depth on the correlation between tomato ETa and SMP variations.

对番茄根区土壤基质势时空分布和番茄耗水量与土壤基质势变化的相关性分析表明，水平距毛管0、15和30 cm 3个剖面间土壤基质势差异较小，负压计距毛管的水平距离对耗水量与土壤基质势变化的相关程度影响不大；毛管埋深对20～70 cm土层土壤基质势影响显著，负压计埋置深度对耗水量与土壤基质势变化的相关性影响显著，应依据毛管埋深确定负压计适宜埋置深度。

Launch dynamics and transfer matrix method of multibody system are used to develop a launch dynamics model, equations of vibration characteristics and dynamic response. The firing dispersion test method of a non-full loading fire rocket based on the idea of equal initial disturbance is presented.

应用发射动力学和多体系统传递矩阵法理论，建立了多管火箭发射动力学模型，推导出了多管火箭振动特性和动力响应方程，形成了基于等起始扰动思想的多管火箭非满管射击密集度试验方法。

The existence of the distal third root canal in the lower first molar, which increased by the emergence of root canal missed chances in the clinical treatment, so it is very important to double-check the number of root canals when operating root canal treatment.

下颌第一磨牙远中第三根管的出现增加了临床治疗中遗漏根管的机率，因而根管治疗时对根管数目的仔细检查非常重要。

Worn surface morphology was examined with scanning electron microscopy, and wear volume was measured with a Talysurf 5P-120 topographer. Results show that CNTs, in mass concentration of 0.01%~0.1%, can greatly improve the antiwear ability of lubricating oil. With addition of CNTs, the maximum reduction of wear rate is about 57%, and scratches on the worn surfaces become slighter and more uniform. The maximum decrease of friction coefficient is about 15% with 0.025% CNTs additive at the load of 300 N. The antiwear mechanism has been discussed.

结果表明：碳纳米管作为润滑油添加剂表现出优良的抗磨性能，在质量分数仅为0.0125%～0.1000%时，润滑油的抗磨性能显著提高；在质量分数约为0.0500%时其抗磨效果最佳，磨损率降低幅值达57%；在较高载荷下，添加0.0250%的碳纳米管能够使其摩擦系数减小约15%，但随着碳纳米管质量分数的增加，摩擦系数迅速提高；含碳纳米管润滑油的磨斑表面平整，划痕较细且分布均匀。

METHODS: The endodontic instrument was assumed as a metal conical bar. The normal stress of bending loads and the shear stress of torsional loads were calculated with the knowledge of mechanics. The relations between stress and such parameters as angle and radius of canal curvature, radius of instrument, polar moment of inertia, and metal elastic modulus were analyzed. The criteria for yielding and fracture of the instrument were discussed.

将根管器械刃部假设截面为圆的金属细锥杆，利用材料力学及断裂力学的原理与方法，分别计算根管器械在弯、扭载荷下的应力分布，分析应力与根管弯曲角度、根管弯曲半径、器械直径、器械横截面极惯性距、金属弹性模量等参数的确切关系；探讨器械屈服、断裂失效的准则。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。