算法化

Analysis for testability is widely used in DFT and test pattern generation, but most testability analysis algorithms have the shortcoming of either inaccuracy or being too complicated. A new method to calculate the signal probabilities of the nodes in IC is pre-sented in Chapter 7 of this dissertation. The signal probabilities by our method is more exact than by the previous ones. A symbol of the signal probability at the fan-out node is created and is propagated to the RFON (Reconvergent Fan-out Nodes). At the RFON, the expression containing the symbol is simplified using the rule which corresponds to the law of identity in Boolean algebra. After the expression is simplified, the symbol is substituted with its numeric value. Theoretical analysis shows that this method is concise and has a low computing complexity.

可测试性分析在可测试性设计和测试生成中都有着广泛的应用，然而大部分的可测性分析方法都存在不精确或者过于复杂的毛病，在第七章中作者提出了一种新的计算IC电路节点的信号概率值的符号算法，该算法得出的信号概率值比用以往的算法法得出的要更准确，也更简洁，针对电路中的扇出节点重汇聚现象，我们在每一个扇出节点定义了一个信号概率的符号，在以后的计算中一直使用该符号参与计算，直到该符号传播至重汇聚处，利用一定的规则把含符号的表达式化简，再将符号的真实值代入，在计算符号概率的过程中定义了一个和布尔代数中的同一律相对应的运算规则，通过该运算规则，使得信号概率的结果更加准确，符号算法具有简洁方便，计算复杂度小的特点 4。

Based on the basic principles of software design, with the help of Delphi software tool, an integer optimization software will be developed. With the help of this software, GA and its modified algorithms, binary combination algorithm and its modified algorithms will be used conveniently.

在分析提出软件设计基本原则的基础上，运用先进的Delphi软件开发工具，研制了窗口式可视化的整数优化系统软件，运用这些软件，可以方便地运用遗传算法及其改进算法、二进制组合算法及其改进算法进行优化。

And using thinking of evolvable hardware design,it had realized a novel way in simplifying the given logic function,which was different from conventional method,such as algebra way and Karnaugh map way.Experiments showed that evolvable hardware method could solve simplification of large scale logic function.

作者在对演化硬件设计理论的学习研究中，尝试了用遗传算法在可编程逻辑器件上应用来实现对某一给定的逻辑函数进行化简。2代数法和卡诺图法介绍[1]先给定一个逻辑函数F，并对其进行化简：F=A+ABC+AC+CD(1)2.1代数法化简代数法化简就是运用代数的公理、定理和规则对逻辑函数进行化简。

Most of the China South Seas situated around the magnetic equator, belong to the low magnetic latitude area, where rocks are magnetized horizontally and the property of the Δ T is different with the other areas of Chinese Mainland.

我国的南海大部分海域位于磁赤道带附近，属于低磁纬度区域，以水平磁化为主，磁性体产生的Δ T 异常特征与中国大陆广大地区的Δ T 异常特征差别较大，且南北跨度大，达两千余公里，通常的化极技术在该区域很难取得良好的效果，虽然化赤方法在低纬度地区算法稳定，并通常能取得较好的结果，但是目前针对化赤异常的解释技术却相对较少；本文结合南海地区的航磁数据，对几种常用的化极技术进行了对比与分析，并对化赤技术进行了简要的介绍。

This thesis is divided into six parts. The first chapter is preface, the current status of research in the inverse problems for parabolic partial differential equations is reported; the second chapter is "regularization methods for numerical differentiation and their applications ", in this chapter we investigate many regularization methods from a viewpoint of regularization theory and algorithm, some applications in the inverse problems for parabolic partial differential equations are given; the third chapter is "spectral regularization methods". Based on Fourier analysis, within the framework of regularization theory, we apply the spectral methods to some ill-posed problems. Many numerical experiments are done in order to show the validity of the methods; the fourth chapter is devoted to wavelet dual least squares method and a revised wavelet method; in the fifth chapter,we combine finite difference method with method of lines and apply it to the backward heat conduction problem in time; in the sixth chapter "identification problems for unknown source ", the essence and the degree of two problems related to source identification are pointed out, at the same time, some numerical methods are reported.

本文分为六个部分，第一章前言简要分析了国内外抛物型偏微分方程反问题的研究现状；第二章数值微分的正则化及其应用从正则化理论和算法的角度出发，考察了许多正则化方法，还给出了数值微分在抛物型偏微分方程反问题的一些应用；第三章谱正则化方法是在Fourier分析的基础上，在一般正则化理论的框架下，给出了这种方法在各种不适定问题中的应用，数值实验表明谱方法是有效的；第四章研究了小波对偶最小二乘方法和改进的小波方法；第五章主要研究了有限差分方法结合线方法在时间反向热传导问题中的应用；第六章是未知源识别问题，主要指出了两类未知源问题的不适定程度和不适定本质，同时报告了一些数值方法。

For regular topology surface, intermediate surface local texture mapping are used; for irregular topology surface, subdivision surface local texture mapping are used. So different topology surface using different texture mapping methods can solve the contradiction between texture effect and processing speed when they are dealt with by single method. The three judge conditions of texture distortion in the process of mapping onto the sphere surface are discussed and the exiting algorithms of mapping are analyzed, the new algorithms of mapping onto the sphere surface are presented. In order to enhance the realistic of graphics, a new function of wood texture is presented. OpenGL is also introduced in this papers and some realization examples of texture mapping based on OpenGL under the environment of VC++ and POV-RAY are presented in some chapters.

对于简单拓扑表面，利用改进的两步纹理映射，对于复杂拓扑表面利用新的面片分割算法，初步解决了颜色纹理中速度与走样之间的矛盾；通过对球面纹理时纹理不变形的三个判断条件的研究，分析了现在各种球面纹理映射算法，并在此基础上提出了一种基于等面积的半球面纹理映射算法，明显减少了球面纹理的纹理变形；针对现有的木纹纹理中，两种表示木纹的颜色差距表现出的颜色突变问题进行研究，提出对这两种颜色进行线性插值或二次插值，使生成的木纹纹理颜色更加连续，更加逼真；在VC++环境下，通过调用Open GL的图形库及在Pov-Ray软件环境下，实现了参数化纹理、球面纹理、凹凸纹理及木纹纹理等各种算法。

Because source data is unsteadiness, the changes of data must be spread to materialized view and make it be consistency the changes of materialized view and source data. Otherwise the freshness of data in materialized view will be fall down and the authenticity and consistency of OLAP will be affected. For the maintenance problem of materialized view, an algorithm is presented and it can make the cost of materialized view recomputation be minimized.

由于源数据的不稳定性，其数据的变化必须及时传播到实体化视图中，以保持实体化视图与源数据的变化一致性，否则会降低实体化视图中数据的新鲜度，并影响联机分析处理查询结果的真实性和有效性，针对视图的维护问题，提出了实体化视图的一种维护算法，它将使视图重计算代价最小化。

In this paper, the maximum likelihood algorithm with process and measurement noise for nonlinear continuous-discrete system given by Jategaonkar and Plaetschke is improved in two aspects: 1 to avoid the disadvantages of sensitivities computation by common finite-difference method, in which the perturbation sizes should be selected optionally, an improved finite-difference method with best perturbations, is presented. 2 to improve the numerical stability of Jategaonkar's algorithm, maximum likelihood algorithm with fast triangular square-root decomposition filter is given.

摘要对Jategaonkar等人给出的同时计及过程及观测噪声的非线性连续-离散系统的极大似然算法从两个方面进行了改进：1给出了计算灵敏度的最佳摄动有限差分算法，避免了普通有限差分法计算灵敏度矩阵时需人为选择参数摄动量大小而带来的缺点；2给出了具有快速三角化平方根滤波的极大似然算法，提高了原算法的数值稳定性。

FastNet takes DHRLM as routing model, it implements a diffluent multi-point distribution algorithm like Bittorrent, but FastNet is different from Bittorrent which is an unstructured P2P system, it implements the idea according to the characteristics of resource locating algorithm in structured P2P network. Moreover FastNet adopts periodic fault-tolerant algorithm to ensure active, quick and reliable distribution of security-related content.

FastNet以DHRLM为路由模型，实现了类似于Bittorrent的多点分流内容分发算法，与Bittorrent不同的是，FastNet在结构化的P2P网络中根据定位算法的特点实现了该算法：同时，FastNet采取了周期性的容错算法保证在P2P节点动态失效的情况下仍然能够主动、快速、可靠地分发安全内容。

The results show that,the kernelized versions of the Xie-Beni index VXB and its emendatory index VK are the most effective and reliable of the indices considered,so can be given the priority as the cluster validity criteria for KFCM algorithm.

将经典的聚类算法推广到核Hilbert空间，是无监督学习领域近年来的研究热点之一[1~6]。然而，和原空间中的聚类算法一样，核化的聚类算法也需要事先给定聚类数目c，这直接影响了这些算法的易用程度和实际性能。众所周知，聚

I didn't watch TV last night, because it .

昨晚我没有看电视，因为电视机坏了。

Since this year, in a lot of villages of Beijing, TV of elevator liquid crystal was removed.

今年以来，在北京的很多小区里，电梯液晶电视被撤了下来。