算法化

The paper introduces the process of embedding the k-medoids substitution method into the WEKA in which the classes and visualization functions of open source WEKA are fully utilized.

介绍了将k-中心点轮换算法嵌入到WEKA平台的过程，充分利用了开源WEKA中的类和可视化功能，并对嵌入的算法和原有聚类算法进行了对比分析。

In the load forecast method based on the ANN, all load data should be normalized firstly, and then accessional momentum method are compared with L-M Back Propagation algorithm in efficiency and precision, at last L-M Back Propagation algorithm is winner due to its better forecast effect.

在基于神经网络的负荷预测方法中，首先对数据进行归一化处理，然后分别采用附加动量法和L-M 规则修正的误差反向传播算法，并对两种算法的计算速度和精度进行了比较，最终采用预测效果较好的L-M 规则修正的误差反向传播算法进行负荷预测。

The evaluation method and algorithm of shape error (roundness, plane straightness, space straightness, cylindricity) were discussed. A new kind of algorithm, namely mesh searching method, which can be used to evaluate the roundness error, plane straightness error, space straightness error and cylindricity error, were put forward. With this algorithm, the shape error can be obtained by transferring the distance formula repeatedly and simple judgment without linearzing the distance formula (from point to point or point to line) and choosing optimal direction and step length.

对形状误差(圆度、平面直线度、空间直线度、圆柱度)的评定方法及算法进行了讨论，提出了一种评价圆度误差、平面直线度误差、空间直线度误差及圆柱度误差的新算法——网格搜索法，该算法不需要对距离公式线性化，也不需要选定优化方向和优化步长，只需重复调用距离公式和简单的判断即可得到符合定义的形状误差。

Web contenting and Web structure mining are becoming the core of third generation search engine, and improves information retrieval on the Web to a high quality and intelligent level.

在完成Web挖掘理论研究的基础上，我们实现了一个基于Web挖掘算法的分布式信息检索平台LUKA，它包括了分布式Web文档收集、Web挖掘算法、分布式Web链接分析算法、半结构化文档概念索引等多个模块，它们有机的组成了一个Web信息挖掘的原型系统。

Based on these, parallel computing problem of matrix tensor product is discussed, some parallel computing models are presented, the algorithm complexity is analyzed, and the thought and process are elaborated by an example. block matrix ; tensor product ; permuted similar ; parallel algorithms ; computational complexity

文献〔l论述了Cannon算法在工作站机群上的实现，文献[2]提出了一种基于对角划分的并行算法，文献〔3〕提出了在分布式环境下并行求解对称带状矩阵特征值问题的并行二分/多分法及其改进，文献41给出了稠密对称矩阵三对角化的MPI+OpenMP混合并行算法，还有著名的Cannon

Experiments on real hyper-spectral image sequences show that our method is not only effective both in efficiency and accuracy, but also more suitable for the hardware realization compared with MAD block matching algorithm and normalized correlation coefficient block matching algorithm.

与基于MAD块匹配算法和归一化相关系数块匹配算法进行比较，该算法实现了图像序列高精度匹配，而且硬件实现简单，计算复杂度较低。

The proposed robust road main direction detection method consists of initial main direction extraction based on the direction histogram of structure tensor and precise direction detection on vectorized edge image. Experiment results demonstrate its robustness and precise. The proposed Gibbs-sampling-based method models road network with marked point process and can effectively extract road network with initial configuration. However it is slow and still can not deal with single and isolated road segment. These problems can be solved by the real-time method. And experiments verify that the real-time method is fast during extracting road segment.

提出的稳健道路局部主方向提取算法以结构张量为基础，通过方向直方图确定大致主方向，并通过矢量化边缘进一步计算准确的方向角，实验结果表明具有良好的稳健性和准确性；提出的基于Gibbs采样的交互式道路网提取方法采用标记点过程对道路网进行建模，在给出初始构造项的情况下，能有效的提取出指定道路网；提出的实时交互式道路段提取算法弥补了上一方法无法处理单一直线道路段和计算过程慢的不足，是上一方法的有益补充，实验结果表明算法能快速提取道路段。

According to the variable parameters, which are continuum or discrete, an algorithms are over viewed, such as homogenization method, variable density algorithm, variable thick algorithm, moving asymptotes algorithm, simulated annealing algorithm, genetic algorithm, relative difference quotient algorithm and Tabu search technique.

按照设计变量，叙述了连续变量和离散变量拓扑优化设计的一些常用算法，其中包括均匀化方法、变密度法、变厚度法、移动渐进算法、模拟退火法、遗传算法、相对差商法和Tabu搜索法，并对各种方法的优缺点进行了比较；对二维和三维复合材料的拓扑学优化设计研究现状和方法进行了阐述；提出了拓扑优化设计复合材料的未来研究方向。

To study building extraction from aerial images automatically or semi-automatically, the algorithm of line Snake is analyzed, a connecting distance on average is added into its internal energy function, its second order item is modified, its external energy function is normalized, and an external force is added.

为研究航空影像中建筑物的自动、半自动提取，通过分析直线Snake算法，对其内部能量函数增加1个平均连通距离，修改二阶项，归一化外部能量函数，增加1个外部力，然后用改进后的直线Snake算法结合贪婪算法对建筑物进行提取。

Main points of the thesis are as follows:(1) The main function models and information relations between these models in the CAPP system in the integrated CAD/CAM project are explained, a new process plan design method is mentioned based on analyses of process plan design. This method is based on the process plan prototype, and develops the prototype little by little until the perfect process plan is completed, the prospect of this method is discussed;(2) The feature abstracting rules and methods are studied, a feature coding system is developed based on GT, all the defined feature models are described by the mathematical methods;(3) The integrated method of CAD/CAPP based on features is mentioned, this method defines a feature exchanging model, and develops an interface software to exchange design data into technology data base, this technology data base includes the design and technology information of the parts;(4) The process plan reasoning method based on features is created, this method uses Mycin algorithm to solve the reasoning of the feature process plan. A process plan making system is developed. In this system part process plan is made by the semi-intelligent method, this method uses the feature reasoning, feature process chain searching and man-computer talking together;(5) The main structure of the HOPE system is introduced, a shaft drawing and its process plan made by this system are shown, the data process problem in process drawing making is also discussed;(6) A new method of describing process rule is introduced, this method uses IfThen rules and neural nets weight values together to describe process rules, the BP algorithm is adopted in this method;(7) The optimal machining sequence problem of the process steps on the same fixturing is discussed, optimal algorithms SA is applied to solve this problem, the result shows that this method is more efficient than the traditional method;(8) All jobs in the thesis are summarized. In order to carry out the research in the future, some rational proposals are given.

全文论述的内容主要有下列几个方面：(1)较为系统地阐述了CAD／CAM一体化工程项目中CAPP系统的主要功能模块及其信息流程，在分析工艺设计过程的基础上，提出了基于特征原型的渐进式工艺设计方法，并探讨了该方法的应用前景；(2)研究了零件特征提取的原则和方法，在成组技术的基础上，开发了一套基于特征的分类编码系统，并在提取零件特征的基础上，定义了零件特征的数据模型，开发了基于轴类零件特征的参数化设计系统；(3)研究了基于特征的CAD／CAPP集成的方法，通过定义零件特征数据模型的存储结构，开发了将设计数据转换到工艺数据库中的接口程序，为后续的CAPP系统提供必要的零件形状和工艺信息；(4)研究了基于特征的工艺推理方法，将Mycin算法应用到工艺决策中，开发了基于特征的工艺推理及工艺方案生成系统，在系统中综合运用特征推理、特征加工工艺链查询及人机对话相结合的半智能化方法确定零件加工工艺；(5)介绍了整个HOPE系统的总体结构，通过运行HOPE系统绘出了一轴类零件的零件图，并生成了该零件的加工工艺方案，初步探讨了基于特征的工序图生成技术中数据处理问题；(6)研究了工艺设计过程中知识如何有效表示的问题，提出了将显式的IF-THEN规则表示与隐式神经网络权值表示相结合的工艺知识表示方法，并利用BP算法进行了工艺知识表示的初步研究；(7)研究了工艺设计过程中同一安装下工步优化排序问题，利用神经网络中基于模拟退火的理论来解决该工步优化排序问题，实践证明该方法较传统的算法具有更高的效率；(8)总结了本文所进行的研究工作，为今后进一步开展工作提出了较为合理的建议。

I didn't watch TV last night, because it .

昨晚我没有看电视，因为电视机坏了。

Since this year, in a lot of villages of Beijing, TV of elevator liquid crystal was removed.

今年以来，在北京的很多小区里，电梯液晶电视被撤了下来。