算法

To gain an ideal algorithm, based on the theories of rough set and granular computing, the basic algorithms of indiscernibility relation and computing positive region were designed, in which dynamic SQL was used to directly get the sorted object sets so that the sort algorithm was left out.

摘 要：为获取高效算法，结合Rough集和粒计算理论，基于知识颗粒设计出获取等价类的算法及计算正区域的等价算法，使用动态SQL语句直接获取已排序的对象集，省略类似算法必需的排序算法，降低了实现的复杂度。

As a differential detection is used between the intercarrier, the proposed algorithm overcome the high sensitivity to timing error of conventional algorithm and is robust to multi-path. The effect of sample frequency offset can't be ignored in a continuous OFDM system of a large number of subcarriers. The estimation precision of the conventional algorithm is low and the realization is complex. A joint estimation of sample frequency offset and fine frequency offset based on difference operation is proposed. As averaging use a large number of samples in a maximum likelihood algorithm, the estimation precision is very high. The use of difference operation cancel the effect of carrier frequency offset, and the proposed sampling frequency estimation algorithm is robust to carrier frequency offset.

最后，本文对连续系统中的采样频率和载波频率精同步技术进行较为深入的研究，由于子载波数目大的连续OFDM传输系统中，采样频率偏差不可忽视，以往的采样频率估计方法精度低、实现复杂，因此本文提出了一种基于差分处理的采样频率偏差和精载波频率偏差联合估计算法，利用了最大似然算法进行采样频率偏差的估计，由于采用了差分处理方法，消除了载波频率偏差对采样频率偏差估计的影响，采用的最大似然算法对大量样点进行平均化处理，所以，相对以往算法，提出的联合算法估计精度高，而且采样频率偏差估计对载波频率偏差具有鲁棒性。

The improved threshold retracking algorithm is optimized in the paper. Several waveform retracking algorithms are analyzed. Then a waveform retracking system is programmed. Several retracking methods are used to retrack the EnviSat waveform over the Mediterranean Sea. The improved threshold retracking algorithm is the most robust retracking method and more suitable for the EnviSat waveform retracking over the coastal Mediterranean.

分析了EnviSat雷达测高波形重定算法，并对Threshold算法进行了优化，开发了波形重定程序；以地中海为实验区，利用几种波形重定方法，对近岸海域的EnviSat测高波形进行重定，认为优化的Threshold算法是几种波形重定算法中最稳健的重定算法，适合于地中海近岸海域EnviSat测高波形的重定，对其他近岸海域的应用也有一定的参考意义。

The reconstruction problem is ill-posed, so two optimal criterions, the least module and the smoothness criterion base on Tikhonov regularization technique, are introduced into reconstruction algorithm. Many regularization parameters choice strategies are investigated, and the TPA(Two—Parameter Algorithm) strategy which is based on the Morozov discrepancy principles, is implemented in two regularization reconstruction algorithms.Numerical experiment results show that the nonnegative and smoothness constraint condition can overcome the difficulty of iteration semiconvergent, preconditioned technique can improve convergence rate and reconstruction accuracy, smoothness regularization criterion can meliorate ill-posed problem of reconstruction and enhance iteration stability, and the TPA is an effective strategy of regularization parameters choice.

数值试验表明：在共轭梯度法中引入非负约束和光滑约束改善了迭代的&半收敛&性，非负约束保证了解的非负性，光滑约束抑制了重建解的振荡现象，约束算法的重建精度与无约束算法相比大幅度提高；在约束共轭梯度重建算法中引入预优技术，可以加快算法的收敛速度，提高迭代的稳定性和重建精度；引入光滑准则的正则化技术可以有效改善图像重建问题的不适定性，加快迭代的收敛速度，提高迭代的稳定性和图像重建质量，计算正则参数的TPA算法在闪光照相图像重建中是有效的。

Some optimized schemes can instruct nature gas pipeline network systems routine dispatching and management to increase nature gas pipeline network system economic benefit and fully utilize pipeline network system transportability.

通过求解天然气管网系统稳态运行优化模型，验证了这三种算法的可行性；(3)在研究混合遗传退火算法混合策略的基础上，形成了两种混合算法，混合退火复合形算法和混合遗传复合形算法。

New coefficients of the equation are developed, then a set of coning error compensation algorithm is derived.

本文丰富和完善了新的圆锥补偿算法设计方法，并利用新的设计方法给出了7种新的圆锥补偿算法，在计算量增加不多的情况下，提高了圆锥误差的补偿精度；圆锥补偿后的剩余误差是评价圆锥补偿精度的重要指标，也是工程实际中设计圆锥补偿算法的重要依据，本文给出了新的圆锥补偿算法精度评定方法，既可以评价圆锥补偿算法的精度，又方便于实际应用

The fluctuation of available wireless link bandwidth motivates the study of adaptive multimedia services in wireless/mobile networks This paper focusses on a bandwidth adaptation scheme, which takes the maximum revenue as the objective The optimal bandwidth adaptation algorithm which seeks to achieve maximum revenue is an NP hard problem, because it has to investigate every adaptation case A bandwidth adaptation scheme based on genetic algorithm is proposed, which achieves near optimal total revenue with much less complexity compared to an optimal bandwidth adaptation algorithm Simulation is carried out to compare the algorithm with an optimal bandwidth adaptation algorithm, the results reveal that the genetic algorithm approximates the optimal solution very well

无线链路带宽的快速波动推动了无线/移动网络中对适应的多媒体服务的研究以无线网络系统的利润最大化为目标，研究适应的多媒体应用的带宽适应方案达到利润最大化的最优带宽适应算法是一个NP hard问题提出一个基于遗传算法的带宽适应方案，在算法复杂度大大低于最优算法的同时，获得的利润值近似最优性能分析和实验结果证明了这一结论1 引言因特网和无线/移动通信技术的迅速发展，推动了两者服务的融合无线/移动环境下因特网服务的提供需要解决的一个关键问题是QoS保证提供QoS保证的一个重要技术手段是连接接纳控制 [1] CAC算法的目标是在保证切换连接请求丢弃率满足系

Firstly,the author analyzes principles and general methods of lustering- based Data mining.

本文作者首先认真研究分析了基于聚类的数据挖掘的基本原理，提出了一个将单亲遗传算法与Kohonen聚类算法相结合的混合聚类算法，克服了Kohonen 算法的局部最优问题以及采用普通遗传算法聚类时的搜索速度和聚类精度的矛盾。

The model was based on genetic tabu algorithm of global search and BP global network of local search precision features, combined genetic tabu algorithm and BP algorithm, and used genetic tabu algorithm initial weights of BP network, at the same time,used niching technology to improve genetic tabu algorithm.

该模型基于遗传禁忌算法的全局搜索和BP网络局部精确搜索的特性，将遗传禁忌算法和BP算法有机结合，利用遗传禁忌算法优化BP网络初始权重，同时引入小生境技术改进遗传禁忌算法。

By introducing the real valued code, deteminstic crowding niching algorithm, improving the genetic algorithm, we present an evolutionary algorithm that generates Hypercube detector - Deviation Levels based Detection Algorithm and an evolutionary algorithm that generates fuzzy rule detectors - Fuzzy Rules based Anomaly Detection Algorithm.

通过引入实数编码，精确排挤小生态算法，对遗传算法进行改进，研究了基于背离等级的检测算法(Deviation Levels based Detection Algorithm，简称DLDA)，同时为了提高检测的准确性，引入了一种生成模糊检测规则的演进算法，使用模糊异常检测算法，对网络中的异常行为进行模糊检测。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。