算术

At first, the characteristics of probability distribution and frequency spectrum of noise inside measuring signal of feedback elements are discussed. Statistic filter method is come up with for noise signal of being Gauss distribution. It is analyzed reason that statistic filter method is superior to arithmetic average filter method.

分析了反馈元件测量信号中噪声的概率分布特性和频谱特性，对呈正态分布的噪声信号提出了统计滤波法，分析了该滤波法优于算术平均滤波法的原因。

There are two means to measure the average prices of the assets in an Asian option theoretically:with the arithmetic average and with the geometric average.

亚式期权有两种理论上的表示方式，即采用算术平均法计算资产价格的平均值和采用几何平均法计算资产价格的平均值。

The main results are as follows:We review the existing Monte Carlo control variates estimators of the price of Asian options and propose a new one. According to pratical needs, we define efficiency as the inverse of the product of the variance of an estimator and its computational time and make it a standard for comparisons to draw the following conclusions: Firstly, the more control variates correlate with arithmetic average Asian options, the larger is the efficiency of an estimator with these control variates, but among which the geometric average option plays the most important role; Secondly, an estimator with more control variates is better than one with less ones only when the time to maturity is long and the volatility is high.

在综合已有研究工作的基础上，本论文的主要创新成果如下：（1）我们回顾了已有的亚洲期权价格的蒙特卡罗控制变量估计，并提出了一个新的控制变量估计，且从客观实际出发，将估计值的方差和计算时间的乘积的倒数定义为效率并以它为标准比较各估计，得到以下结论：与算术平均亚洲期权相关程度越大的控制变量构成的估计的效率越大，而其中起主要作用的控制变量为几何平均亚洲期权的价格；只有在到期时间较长且标的资产的波动率较大时，元素多的多元控制变量估计比元素少的效率大。

Two amelioration operators were developed, such as the triangular intuitionistic fuzzy numbers weighted arithmetic average operator, and the f interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy numbers weighted geometric average operator.

定义了三角和区间直觉模糊集的一些运算法则，给出了直觉模糊集两个改进算子，即三角模糊数加权算术平均算子和区间直觉模糊数加权几何平均算子。

The algorithms are respectively to compute arithmetic mean of the probabilities and normalized geometric mean of the probabilities.

采用公理化方法给出了相应的算法，这两个算法算法分别是对概率进行算术平均和几何平均，再进行归一化处理。

The research for the means has a long history, the classical means include algebraic mean, geometric mean and harmonic mean etc.

平均数理论研究的历史久远，经典的平均数包括算术平均，几何平均，调和平均等。

The main omissions are extended-precision arithmetic; the goto statement; nonstructured forms of switch such as Duff's device; passing struct and union parameters and results by value; and functions with variable numbers of arguments.

而忽略的主要是扩展精度类型的算术运算(long long和long double)； goto 语句；如达夫设备(Duff's device)之类的非结构化switch转移；结构体、联合体参数传递和结果值返回；以及带有变长参数的函数。

Based on ZDFV work, the thesis focuses on the following key problems: how to construct an efficient synthesis engine; how to improve the structural similarity of the two designs; how to verify data path designs efficiently; how to use half adder graph to perform arithmetic unit verification; and how to use the hybrid SAT engine in the existing verification flow.

为了解决这个问题，本文作者结合自主研发等价性验证系统的工作，在高效综合引擎的研究与实现、单个模块的相似性研究、数据通路的验证方法、结合半加图的算术单元验证以及基于混合SAT引擎的RTL验证流程等五个方面开展了研究：1。

Unlike BDD, BMD adds weight on edges and thus reduces the node quantity of the diagram. A new circuit abstraction method, half adder graph was proposed to represent arithmetic circuits during the synthesis period.

结合半加图的算术单元验证：论文研究了基于BMD验证乘法电路的方法，该方法使用矩分解方式，在BMD的边和节点上赋予权重信息，减少了图的节点数。

First, a new similarity measure, named as arithmetic harmonic mean divergence measure, is induced.

首先，提出了新的相似性测度，算术调和均值距离测度AHM，图像通过最大化AHM全局配准，然后将图像划分成均匀子块，采用AHM测度刚性配准各对应子块，选取对应子块的中心作为标记点对，最后，用三次均匀B样条实现图像的弹性配准。

It has been put forward that there exists single Ball point and double Ball points on the symmetrical connecting-rod curves of equilateral mechanisms.

从鲍尔点的形成原理出发，分析对称连杆曲线上鲍尔点的产生条件，提出等边机构的对称连杆曲线上有单鲍尔点和双鲍尔点。

The factory affiliated to the Group primarily manufactures multiple-purpose pincers, baking kits, knives, scissors, kitchenware, gardening tools and beauty care kits as well as other hardware tools, the annual production value of which reaches US$ 30 million dollars.

集团所属工厂主要生产多用钳、烤具、刀具、剪刀、厨具、花园工具、美容套等五金产品，年生产总值3000万美元，产品价廉物美、选料上乘、质量保证，深受国内外客户的青睐