算子函数

In chapter 3, the problems of constructing finite-dimensional functional linear invari-ant spaces under a given differential operator as well as an inverse problem concerning thedescription of all operators possessing a given invariant space are investigated.

第三章中讨论了基于算法产生的两个互逆问题，即(1)构造在已知的微分算子下不变的有限维线性函数空间；(2)讨论拥有相同线性不变空间的微分算子的一般表达式。

And the tangent linear operator of the forward model also exists, which is the same as the resolvent of the tangent linear model derived by the conventional method.

对连续"开关"，代价函数的梯度处处存在的，非线性方程的切线性算子也是存在的，并且与传统方法得到的切线性模型的解算子是一致的。

In this dissertation, we construct the Bariev model with nine kinds of boundary fields by the matrices K_± defining the boundaries. And then the Lax operator is given in the form ofmatrix, as well as the basic quantities, e.g., the R -matrix, the monodromy matrices and the transfer matrices are defined. By using the expression of the local Lax operator of the model,the action of the monodromy matrices T, T~(-1), U_ on the pseudo-vacuum state is given outin detail. Furthermore, the main fundamental commutation relations are obtained through the reflection equations, the recursive n-particle state as well as the one-particle exact solution is given and the Bethe ansatz equations are found accordingly. Finally, we list the nesting boundary K matrices, which play a crucial role for obtaining the n-particle solution and finding the Bethe ansatz equations, the eigenvalues of the transfer matrices and the energy spectrum of the system by means of the nested algebraic Bethe ansatz method.

在这篇文章中，我们利用边界K_±矩阵构造出了具有九种边界场的Bariev模型，同时给出了该模型L算子的具体矩阵表示形式，并定义了R矩阵，monodromy矩阵以及转移矩阵；接着利用L算子的矩阵形式，给出了其对应monodromy矩阵T、逆矩阵T~(-1)作用到真空态上的值，并利用Yang-Baxter关系及反射方程得到了双行monodromy矩阵U作用到真空态上的值；然后利用反射方程通过复杂的计算得到了一系列重要的基本对易关系式，并给出了模型的递推的多粒子波函数、单粒子解及Bethe ansat方程；最后给出了模型的嵌套的边界K矩阵的具体形式，从而为运用嵌套Bethe ansatz方法求解该模型的多粒子解、Bethe ansatz方程以及系统的能谱打下了很好的基础。

Firstly the fuzzy entropy in quadratic form is modified by substituting standard negative operator of Zadeh with generalized negative operator of Sugeno, and the generalized fuzzy entropy formula is obtained.

首先将Sugeno广义否定算子替代二次型模糊熵公式的Zadeh标准否定算子，得到了参数型的广义模糊熵表达式；其次，将其应用于构造图像阈值化分割的准则函数；最后，给出了图像阈值化分割新算法中的广义模糊熵参数自动选取方法。

The new methodof defining spline function will generalize the concept to the more universal Hilbert space. Hence, we take into consideration the interpolation spline function, general linear differential operater in semi- open interval and the Green function defined accordingly, and the reproducing kernel to produce the Green function and prove the existence of the reproducing kernel.

采用了一种新的样条函数的定义方法，把样条函数的概念推广到更一般的Hilbert空间上，再考虑半开闭区间a，+∞上的插值样条函数，一般线性微分算子及其定义的Green函数和再生核，构造出Green函数并且证明了再生核的存在性。

The rate of convergence of pointwise approximation for local bounded functions are obtained.

引入一种积分型的 Szász- Bézier算子，并研究其逼近性质，得到了此类算子对局部有界函数的逼近阶估计公

A novel finite-difference time-domainmethod,called shift operator FDTDmethod is developed for anisotropic magnetized dispersive media.The recursive relation between operators is used.In this paper,some expressions containing the dielectric constants of magnetized dispersive media are written as rational polynomial function.

给出了一种新的计算各向异性磁化色散介质的有限差分算法，称为移位算子FDTD算法，它利用算子之间的移位递推关系，将一类色散介质的包含介电常数的表达式写成有理分式函数形式，进而导出FDTD中一系列相关量之间的关系。

After the brief retrospect of spectral methods applied to get the numerical solutions of partial differential equations, the Walsh spectral methods are extensively studied. A new method of designing the "derivate operator" and a new Walsh spectral method based on quasi-Walsh order are proposed, which primarily prove the special uses of it.

回顾了数值求解偏微分方程的谱方法，比较深入地考察了数值求解偏微分方程的Walsh谱方法，提出了一种新的设计"求导算子"的方法，基于这样设计出来的"求导算子"，提出了一种新的基于类Walsh序的Walsh函数的Walsh谱方法，初步验证了这种序的特殊价值。

An example of these maximal monotone operators is the subdifferential of a closed convex function.

这种多值极大单调算子的一个特殊例子是闭凸函数的下微分算子，所以本文考虑的多值随机微分方程包含了在凸区域内具有反射边界的随机微分方程。

An improved TennenGrad criterion function and an improved Laplace criterion function are proposed for microscopic coarse autofocusing, which use Sobel operators and Laplacian operators to convolve and add together the absolute values of matrix pixels for a image.

提出了使用Sobel算子或Laplace算子做卷积，对图像像素点进行绝对值相加的TennenGrad改进算法，以及Laplace改进算法，和几种已有评价函数进行分析比较。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。